taxonID	type	description	language	source
039787BCFFEBFF9432B7F8F98972FEAE.taxon	description	This group is characterized by the presence of hooked hairs on the mouthparts of the females (Figs. 9 A – B). Hooked hairs are present on the stipes, on the prementum and on the first two segments of the labial palpus, except in A. halictoides, which lacks such hairs on the second segment of the palpus. One species, A. bonariensis, also has modified hairs on the hypostomal area of the head, on the trochanters, and on the metasomal sterna (Fig. 9 C). Species of the group are 6.2 – 11.0 mm long. Males have a ventral tubercle in front of the middle coxa, except A. bonariensis which lacks the tubercles. Yellowish hairs are usually present on the metasomal apical bands and / or on the tibial scopa of females (Fig. 1), and males of some species are entirely covered by golden pile (A. ursinus, A. mesopotamica, A. duckei, and A. holmbergi), or nearly so (A. bonariensis) (Fig. 2).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFEBFF9732B7FBEB8F38F969.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Ancyloscelis contains species 6 to 11 mm in length, characterized by the swollen hind femora of the males and the bicolored scopa on the hind tibiae and basitarsi of the females. The genus Ancyloscelis differs from other genera of Emphorini by the presence of a paraocular carina along most of inner eye margin, the vein cu-v of hind wing less than half as long as second abscissa of vein M-Cu, the broad metapleura, the maxillary palpus of the female with sparse, short hairs, the mandible of the male short and gently curved, the T 7 of the male rounded apically, the S 7 of the male with a broad disc and two or four small apical lobes, shorter than the disc, and the large, curved male gonostylus, usually flattened and longer than the gonocoxite. Figures of the male hidden sterna and genitalia can be found in Michener (1954), Michener & Moure (1957), and Rodríguez & Roig-Alsina (2004). The genus is distributed from southern United States through tropical America to central Argentina.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE8FF9532B7FEBB8BF4FE46.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 A, 2 A, 3 A, 9, 10 A, 12 A, 12 D, 13 A)	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE8FF9532B7FEBB8BF4FE46.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females of A. bonariensis are distinguished from other species with hooked hairs on the mouthparts by the yellow mid and hind tibial spurs, and by the hairs next to the hypostomal carina, on anterior trochanter, and on S 1 – S 4 (Fig. 9 C), which have wavy apices. Males are distinguished by the unique shape of the posterior basitarsus, without median tooth, and with broadly rounded apex (Fig. 10 A).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE8FF9532B7FEBB8BF4FE46.taxon	description	Redescription. Male. Total length 8.70 – 10.80 mm. Length of forewing 6.80 – 8.25 mm. Color. Black, with following parts yellow: entire labrum, base of mandible, apical band on clypeus (basal border of band more or less straight); tarsi of all legs brownish. Wings weakly infuscate, paler apically; veins and pterostigma blackish. Pilosity. Yellow hairs all over the body, paler on underside of thorax and on bands of T 2 – T 5. Scutum with two strata of hairs, one of dense, very short hairs (0.30 – 0.55 x MOD) and another one of interspersed, longer hairs (0.80 – 1.13 x MOD). Hairs of mesopleuron 0.53 – 1.58 x MOD. T 1 – T 5 with entire apical bands. Structure. OOD 0.59 x IOD. IAD 2.24 x AOD. UID 1.12 x LID. Width of head 1.29 x length of head. Clypeocular distance 0.22 – 0.29 x MOD. Ventral part of mesopleuron without projections in front of mid coxa. Hypostomal carina forming rounded elevation. Posterior tibia with under surface nearly glabrous and ventral inner margin with tubercle continued apically by carina up to tibial spur. Posterior basitarsus without median tooth, and with broadly rounded apex. Sculpture. Disc of clypeus with close, fine punctures (0.03 – 0.04 mm); disc of scutum with similar punctures (0.03 – 0.04 mm), separated by polished interspaces 0.2 – 0.3 PD. Mesopleuron with punctures 0.03 – 0.04 mm separated by polished interspaces 0.5 – 1.0 PD. Female. Total length 7.80 – 9.25 mm; length of forewing 6.00 – 6.40 mm. Color. Black, except brownish tegula and yellow tibial spurs. Pilosity. Whitish all over the body, paler on underside of thorax. Disc of T 2 – T 4 with white hairs; apical bands white to yellowish. Tibial scopa with yellow hairs dorsally and white hairs ventrally; yellow fimbria of T 5 interrupted in the middle by black lock. Hairs with wavy apices present next to hypostomal carina, on anterior trochanter, and on S 1 – S 4. Scutum with two strata of hairs, one of dense, very short hairs (0.48 – 0.70 x MOD) and another one of interspersed, longer hairs (0.92 – 1.03 x MOD). Hairs of mesopleuron 1.11 – 1.37 x MOD. T 1 – T 5 with entire apical bands. Structure. OOD 0.61 x IOD. IAD 2.1 x AOD. UID 0.83 x LID. Width of head 1.38 x length of head. Clypeocular distance 0.44 x ocellar diameter. Combined lengths of first and second labial palp segments 1.23 x length of prementum. Labial palpus with modified setae on first and second segments; prementum also with modified setae. Sculpture. Disc of clypeus with close, fine punctures (0.02 – 0.03 mm); disc of scutum with similar, close punctures (0.02 – 0.03 mm), separated by polished interspaces 0.1 – 0.3 PD. Mesopleuron with punctures 0.03 – 0.04 mm separated by polished interspaces 0.5 – 1.0 PD.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE8FF9532B7FEBB8BF4FE46.taxon	discussion	Comments. Brèthes based his description on two males of which only one is preserved at MACN. This specimen is designated as the lectotype. It is in very good condition, missing only the left hind distotarsus; the genitalia and associated sterna are preserved in a vial. It bears the following labels: “ Bs. Aires / 14. XII. 08 / J. B., ” “ Leptergatis / bonaërensis Brèthes, ” “ Ancyloscelis / bonariensis Brèthes / LECTOTYPUS / Schaller et Roig A. ” and “ MACN-En 12784. ” In the collection at MACN there are five females of A. bonariensis collected by Brèhtes on the same date as the lectotype, but they were misidentified by him as Leptergatis mesopotamica.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE8FF9532B7FEBB8BF4FE46.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina and Paraguay. Argentina: provinces of Formosa, Chaco, Entre Ríos, Buenos Aires, and Santa Fe. Paraguay: department of Guayra.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE8FF9532B7FEBB8BF4FE46.taxon	materials_examined	Material studied. Argentina. Formosa: 15 ♂, 12 ♀, Colonia Aquino, 26 - X- 2011, G. Galvani (MACN); 1 ♂, Capital, 1 - I- 2009, G. Galvani (MACN); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, San Hilario 26 - X- 2011, G. Galvani (MACN); 2 ♂, San Francisco de Laishí, 09 - I- 2014, J. P. Torretta, (MACN); 13 ♂, 7 ♀, Tres Marias, XI- 2013, 22 - XI. 2018, L. Compagnucci and G. Galvani (MACN); 1 ♂, Gran Guardia, 20 - X- 1952 (MLP). Chaco: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Puerto Tirol, 14 - XII- 2016, A. Schaller (MACN); 1 ♂, Puerto Tirol, 3 - I- 2017, A. Schaller (MACN); 12 ♂, 12 ♀, Colonia Benítez, 22 - X- 2016, 18 - XII- 2016, 10 - XI- 2017, A. Schaller (MACN); 2 ♂, Resistencia, 31 - X- 2016, A. Schaller (MACN); 3 ♂, 2 ♀, Zona Monte Alto, 15 / 29 - XII- 2016, 14 - III- 2019, A. Schaller (MACN); 2 ♂, Colonia Mixta, 4 - I- 2017, A. Schaller (MACN), 2 ♂, 4 ♀, Colonia Elisa, 15 - XI- 2017, A. Schaller (MACN), 2 ♂, Parque Caraguatá, 14 - III- 2019, A. Schaller (MACN). Entre Ríos: 3 ♂, 1 ♀, Pronunciamiento, I- 1981, J. Foerster, (MACN). Buenos Aires: 5 ♀, Capital Federal, 14 - XII. 1908, J. B. (MACN); 1 ♀, 4 km NW Tigre, 28 - II- 1985, A. Roig (MACN). Santa Fe: 1 ♂, Rosario, 10 - XII- 1945, A. O. (MLP); 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Fontana, 28 - III- 1942 (MLP); 1 ♀, Villa Ocampo, 26 - III- 1941 (MLP). Paraguay. Guayra: 2 ♀, Villarica, December (MACN).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE9FF9232B7FD938B9BFD42.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 B, 2 B, 3 B, 10 B, 12 C, 13 B)	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE9FF9232B7FD938B9BFD42.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is characterized by the protuberant clypeus and the extremely long proboscis, which surpasses the posterior coxae in repose (Figs. 1 B, 2 B). The labium of the female bears hooked setae on the first segment of the labial palpus only. The labrum is black in the female and partly yellow with a black basal lateral spot in the male (Fig. 3 B). The apical band on T 2 is usually interrupted in both sexes. The male bears a tuberculiform projection in front of the mid coxa, and the hypostomal carina has a dentiform projection (Fig. 12 C).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE9FF9232B7FD938B9BFD42.taxon	description	Redescription. Male. Total length 7.00 – 9.60 mm. Length of forewing 6.30 – 8.00 mm. Color. Black, with following parts yellow: labrum in part (with basal lateral black spot), base of mandible, apical band on clypeus; following parts brownish: underside of flagellomeres, tegula, tarsi of second and third legs. Wings weakly infuscate, paler apically; veins and pterostigma blackish. Pilosity. With yellow-golden hairs all over the body, paler on underside of thorax. Scutum with two strata of hairs, one of dense, very short hairs (0.39 – 0.57 x MOD) and another one of interspersed, long hairs (0.82 – 1.07 x MOD). Hairs of mesopleuron 1.07 – 1.36 x MOD. T 1, T 3 – T 6 with entire apical bands, T 2 with band usually interrupted medially. Structure. OOD 0.64 x IOD. Interalveolar distance 2.30 x AOD. UID 1.0 x LID. Width of head 1.17 x length of head. Clypeocular distance 0.72 – 0.96 x MOD. Ventral part of mesopleuron with tuberculiform projection in front of mid coxa. Hypostomal carina elevated forming strong dentiform projection. Posterior basitarsus with inner median curved tooth; apex sharply pointed. Sculpture. Disc of clypeus with close, fine punctures (0.04 – 0.06 mm); disc of scutum with similar, close punctures (0.04 – 0.05 mm). Mesopleuron with punctures 0.04 – 0.05 mm separated by irregular polished interspaces 0.4 – 0.6 PD. Female. Total length 9.20 – 10.90 mm; length of forewing 6.25 – 7.30 mm. Color. Black; some specimens with brownish apex of mandible, tegula and tarsi. Structure. OOD 0.79 x IOD. IAD 2.0 x AOD. UID 1.00 x LID. Width of head 1.30 x length of head. Clypeocular distance 0.96 – 1.07 x ocellar diameter. Lengths of first plus second labial palp segments 2.30 x length of prementum. Labial palpus with modified setae only on first segment. Pilosity. With whitish hairs all over the body, paler on underside of thorax, but apical bands wite to yellowish; tibial scopa with yellow hairs dorsally and white hairs ventrally. Scutum with two strata of hairs, one of dense, very short hairs (0.27 – 0.38 x MOD) and another one of interspersed, long hairs (0.72 – 0.97 x MOD). Hairs of mesopleuron 1.07 – 1.17 x MOD. T 1, T 3 – T 5 with entire apical bands, T 2 with band usually interrupted medially. Sculpture. Disc of clypeus with close, fine punctures (0.04 – 0.05 mm); disc of scutum with smaller, close punctures (0.03 – 0.04 mm) separated by polished interspaces 0.5 – 0.8 PD. Mesopleuron with punctures 0.04 – 0.05 mm separated by polished interspaces 0.2 – 0.5 PD.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE9FF9232B7FD938B9BFD42.taxon	discussion	Comments. The female holotype is preserved at MACN. It bears the following labels: “ Formosa / E L H / III- 85, ” “ halictoides / Holmberg, ” “ Leptergatis / Holmberg, ” “ Col. Holmb., ” “ Holotypus, ” the first three in Holmberg’s handwritting. The specimen lacks the left antenna, and the metasoma beyond the second segment. Friese’s description of A. gigas (1904) entirely agrees with A. halictoides. We have examined material from the state of Pará, in northern Brazil, which coincides in all morphological characters with specimens from Argentina. The synonymy proposed by Ducke (1912) is confirmed here.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE9FF9232B7FD938B9BFD42.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. Argentina: provinces of Formosa, Chaco, Entre Ríos, Santa Fe, and Buenos Aires. Brazil, states of Pará, Rio Grande do Sul, and São Paulo. Paraguay, department of Cordillera.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE9FF9232B7FD938B9BFD42.taxon	materials_examined	Material studied. Argentina. Formosa: 1 ♀, Formosa, III- 1885, E. L. Holmberg, holotype of Leptergatis halictoides (MACN); 1 ♂, Laguna La Oca, I- 2009, G. Galvani (MACN); 1 ♂, Capital, 2011, G. Galvani (MACN). Chaco: 7 ♀, 3 ♂, Barranqueras, 17 / 24 - IV- 2016, A. Schaller (MACN); 4 ♂, Colonia Elisa 15 - XI- 2017, A. Schaller (MACN). Entre Ríos: 3 ♀, Rincón de Nogoya, 27 - II- 1982, A. Roig-Alsina (MACN). Santa Fe: 5 ♂, 4 ♀, Villa Ocampo, 26 - III- 1941 (MLP). Buenos Aires: 1 ♂, Tigre: Delta, río Carapachay, 27 - I- 2002, A. Roig-Alsina (MACN), 1 ♂, Tigre: Río Lujan Club ACA, 7 - I- 2002, A. Roig-Alsina (MACN). Brazil. Pará: 1 ♀, Santarem, April 1919, S. M. Klages (MACN).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFEEFF9332B7FC978F24F809.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 C, 2 C, 3 C, 4 A – D, 10 C, 13 C)	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFEEFF9332B7FC978F24F809.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females of A. holmbergi are distinguished, among species with hooked hairs on the first and second labial palpi, by the black and white scopa (Fig. 1 C), the black hairs on the discs of T 2 – T 4, and the very short pubescence of the scutum. Males are characterized, among males with golden pubescence, by the pointed hind basitarsus without inner tooth (Fig. 10 C), and the strongly emarginate S 6 (Fig. 4 A).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFEEFF9332B7FC978F24F809.taxon	description	Description. Holotype male. Total length 7.50 mm (paratypes 6.20 – 8.10 mm). Length of forewing 6.50 mm (paratypes 5.60 – 6.50 mm). Color. Black, with following parts yellow: entire labrum, base of mandible, apical band on clypeus with trilobate basal margin, spot on apical 0.75 of under surface of scape, underside of first flagellomere, apex of tibiae, and tarsi of all legs, except distotarsi brownish; following parts brownish: underside of flagellomeres 2 – 11, tegula, and large spot on hind femur occupying approximately basal half of dorsal and lateral surfaces. Wings weakly infuscate, paler apically; veins and pterostigma blackish. Structure. OOD 0.7 x IOD. IAD 1.7 x AOD. UID 1.15 x LID. Width of head 1.30 x length of head. Clypeocular distance 0.26 – 0.29 x MOD. Ventral part of mesopleuron witht digitiform projection in front of mid coxa. Hypostomal carina forming rounded elevation. Posterior basitarsus without median tooth; apex pointed. Pilosity. With yellow-golden hairs all over the body, paler on underside of thorax. Scutum with two strata of hairs, one of dense, very short hairs (0.07 – 0.11 x MOD) and another one of interspersed, long hairs (0.50 – 0.80 x MOD). Hairs of mesopleuron 1.20 – 1.30 x MOD. T 1 – T 5 with entire apical bands. Inner surface of hind basitarsus with short hairs, 0.60 – 1.10 x MOD. Sculpture. Disc of clypeus with close, fine punctures (0.030 – 0.035 mm); disc of scutum with smaller, close punctures (0.015 – 0.020 mm). Mesopleuron with punctures 0.03 – 0.04 mm separated by polished interspaces 0.4 – 05 PD. Female. Total length 7.0 – 8.0 mm; length of forewing 5.6 – 6.5 mm. Color. Black, with brownish flagellum and tegula. Structure. OOD 0.74 x IOD. IAD 2.0 x AOD. UID 1.00 x LID. Width of head 1.41 x length of head. Clypeocular distance 0.5 x MOD. Length of first plus second labial palp segments 1.5 x length of prementum. Labial palpus with modified setae on firs t and second segments. Pilosity. Head and mesosoma with whitish hairs, paler on under side of thorax, discs of T 2 – T 4 with black hairs; apical bands white to yellowish; tibial scopa with black hairs dorsally and white hairs ventrally, prepygidial fimbria interrupted medially by a black tuft. Hairs with apices straight on hypostomal carina, on anterior trochanter, and on S 3 – S 4. Scutum with two strata of hairs, one of dense, very short hairs (0.12 – 0.24 x MOD) and another one of interspersed, long hairs (0.52 – 0.60 x MOD). Hairs of mesopleuron 0.84 – 1.28 x MOD. T 1 – T 5 with entire apical bands. Sculpture. Disc of clypeus with close, fine punctures (0.03 – 0.04 mm), and disc of scutum with smaller, close punctures (0.010 – 0.015 mm), separated by polished interspaces 0.3 – 0.5 PD. Mesopleuron with punctures 0.03 mm separated by polished interspaces 0.5 – 1.0 PD.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFEEFF9332B7FC978F24F809.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Eduardo L. Holmberg, who was the first to study Ancyloscelis in South America.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFEEFF9332B7FC978F24F809.taxon	discussion	Comments. Ancyloscelis holmbergi most resembles A. ursinus, A. duckei, and A. mesopotamica, the males of which also have a dense golden pubescence, yellow hind basitarsi, and an apical trilobate yellow mark on the clypeus. It shares with A. duckei the shape of the S 6 of the male, deeply emarginate apically, and a brown spot on the dorsolateral surface of the hind femur. It differs from A. duckei, and A. mesopotamica by the hind basitarsus of the male without an inner tooth. It differs from A. ursinus by the darker cuticle and vestiture, and the strongly emarginate S 6 of the male.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFEEFF9332B7FC978F24F809.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Argentina: provinces of Chaco, Corrientes, and Formosa.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFEEFF9332B7FC978F24F809.taxon	materials_examined	Material studied. Holotype male, Argentina, Puerto Tirol, Chaco, 3 - I- 2017, Schaller Alicia (MACN). The following are paratypes. Argentina. Chaco: 17 ♂, 1 ♀, Parque Caraguatá, 21 / 26 - XII- 2016, 3 - I- 2017, 14 - XI- 2017, 14 - III- 2019, A. Schaller (MACN); 13 ♂, 1 ♀, Colonia Mixta, 4 - I- 2017, A. Schaller (MACN); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Lapachito, 17 - XII- 2016 A. Schaller (MACN); 12 ♂, 12 ♀, Colonia Benítez 22 - X- 2016, 15 / 18 - XII- 2016, 10 / 15 - XI- 2017, 20 - XI. 2018, A. Schaller (MACN); 4 ♂, 8 ♀, Puerto Tirol, 14 - XII- 2016, 3 - I- 2017, A. Schaller (MACN); 15 M, 3 ♀, Co- lonia Elisa, 15 - XI- 2017, A. Schaller (MACN); 9 ♂, 2 ♀, Zona Monte Alto, 29 - X- 2016, 15 - XII- 2016, 14 - III- 2019, A. Schaller (MACN); 1 ♀, Villa Fabiana, 30 - XII- 2016, A. Schaller (MACN); 9 ♂, 1 ♀, Camino Isla del Cerrito, 7 / 10 - I- 2018, 21 - XI- 2018, 15 - III- 2019, A. Schaller (MACN). Corrientes: 1 ♂, San Cayetano, EBCO, 6 / 10 - XI- 2007 Compagnucci (MACN). Formosa: 4 ♀, Francisco de Laishi, 7 - I- 2014, J. P. Torretta (MACN), 1 ♀, Tres Marías, XI- 2013, G. Galvani (MACN); 14 ♂, 9 ♀, Tres Marías, 22 - XI- 2018, Galvani and Compagnucci (MACN).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFECFF9F32B7FAEE8EB4FEF2.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 D, 2 D, 3 D, 10 D, 12 B, 13 D)	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFECFF9F32B7FAEE8EB4FEF2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females of A. mesopotamica are characterized by the strongly elevated, tuberculiform carina of the pronotal lobe (Fig. 12 B). Males are distinguished by their golden pubescence (Fig. 2 D), and the strong inner tooth on the basal third of the posterior basitarsus (Fig. 10 D).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFECFF9F32B7FAEE8EB4FEF2.taxon	description	Redescription. Male. Total length 8.20 – 9.90 mm. Length of forewing 6.70 – 7.80 mm. Color. Black, with following parts yellow: entire labrum, base of mandible, apical band on clypeus with trilobate basal margin, spot on apical 0.25 of under surface of scape, underside of first flagellomere and tarsi of all legs, except distotarsi brownish; following parts brownish: underside of flagellomeres 2 – 11, and tegula. Wings weakly infuscate, paler apically; veins and pterostigma blackish. Pilosity. With yellow-golden hairs all over the body, paler on underside of thorax. Scutum with two strata of hairs, one of dense, very short hairs (0.26 – 0.35 x MOD) and another one of interspersed, long hairs (0.97 – 1.13 x MOD). Hairs of mesopleuron 1.13 – 1.45 x MOD. T 1 – T 5 with entire apical bands. Structure. OOD 0.65 x IOD. IAD 1.76 x AOD. UID 1.12 x LID. Width of head 1.55 x length of head. Clypeocular distance 0.22 – 0.28 x MOD. Ventral part of mesopleuron with digitiform projection in front of mid coxa. Hypostomal carina forming rounded elevation. Posterior basitarsus with inner curved tooth on basal third; apex pointed. Sculpture. Disc of clypeus with close, fine punctures (0.02 – 0.03 mm); disc of scutum with similar, nearly coalescent punctures (0.02 – 0.03 mm). Mesopleuron with punctures 0.03 – 0.04 mm, separated by polished interspaces 0.5 – 1.0 PD. Female. Total length 8.2 – 8.9 mm; length of forewing 5.2 – 6.9 mm. Color. Black; some specimens with brownish tegula and tarsi. Pilosity. With whitish hairs all over the body, paler on underside of thorax, but disc of T 2 – T 4 and apical bands wite to yellowish; tibial scopa with yellow hairs dorsally and white hairs ventrally; prepygidial fimbria yellow. Scutum with two strata of hairs, one of dense, very short hairs (0.44 – 0.72 x MOD) and another one of interspersed, long hairs (1.20 – 1.28 x MOD). Hairs of mesopleuron 1.20 – 1.48 x MOD. T 1 – T 5 with entire apical bands. Structure. OOD 0.79 x IOD. IAD 2.0 x AOD. UID 1.0 x LID. Width of head 1.30 x length of head. Clypeocular distance 0.42 x MOD. Lengths of first plus second labial palp segments 1.32 x length of prementum. Labial palpus with modified setae on first and second segments. Carina of pronotal lobe forming strong tuberculiform elevation, concave posteriorly. Sculpture. Disc of clypeus with close, fine punctures (0.04 – 0.05 mm); disc of scutum with smaller, close punctures (0.02 – 0.03 mm), separated by polished interspaces 0.2 – 0.3 PD. Mesopleuron with punctures 0.03 – 0.04 mm separated by polished interspaces 0.5 – 1.0 PD.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFECFF9F32B7FAEE8EB4FEF2.taxon	discussion	Comments. Two syntypes of Leptergatis mesopotamica are preserved at MACN, both in poor condition. One specimen lacks most legs (only left middle leg and right hind leg remaining), and the right hind wing; the head is glued on a card. This specimen is selected as the lectotype, and bears the following labels: “ C. 15.3.79, ” “ mesopotamica / Holmberg ” in Holmberg’s handwriting, and “ Leptergatis / mesopotamica H. / LECTOTYPUS / A. Roig-Alsina 2005. ” The date on the label reads III, 15, 1879, although the date in the original description reads II, 15, 1879, probably a typographic error. The second specimen is badly damaged, remaining only part of the mesosoma with the wings and the left middle and hind legs. It bears the label “ Leptergatis / mesopota- / mica / Holmberg ” and is designated as paralectotype. The male lectotype of A. turmalis was examined by one of us (ARA) and labeled as lectotype. It agrees in all characters with males of A. mesopotamica.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFECFF9F32B7FAEE8EB4FEF2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina and Brazil. Argentina: provinces of Formosa, Corrientes, Chaco, Tucumán, and Buenos Aires. Brazil, states of Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFECFF9F32B7FAEE8EB4FEF2.taxon	materials_examined	Material studied. Argentina. Formosa: 2 ♂, Gran Guardia, 20 - X- 1951 (MACN); 1 ♀, Capital, 2016, G. Galvani (MACN). Corrientes: 1 ♂, Ituzaingó, XII- 1987, Fritz (MACN); 1 ♀, Santo Tomé, 4 - XI- 1947, Decarlo-D´Amico (MACN). Chaco: 1 ♀, Colonia Benítez, 22 - X- 2016, A. Schaller (MACN); 2 ♂, Colonia Mixta, 4 - I- 2017, A. Schaller (MACN). Buenos Aires: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Tigre: Río Lujan Club ACA, 7 - I- 2002, A. Roig-Alsina (MACN); 1 ♂, Tigre: Delta, río Carapachay, 27 - I- 2005, A. Roig-Alsina (MACN), 2 ♂, 4 Km NW Tigre, 28 - II- 1985, A. Roig-Alsina (MACN); 2 ♂, 12 km NO Tigre, 12 - XII- 1994, A. Roig-Alsina (MACN), 1 ♀, Tigre, 2 - III- 1941 (MACN); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, CABA: Res. Ec. Costanera Sur, 23 - XI- 2016, Compagnucci, Galvani, González (MACN); 6 ♂, CABA: Res. Ec. Costanera Sur, 4 - XII- 2016, A. Schaller (MACN); 1 ♂, CABA: Res. Ec. Costanera Sur, 20 - XII- 2016 Compagnucci, Galvani, González (MACN); 1 ♂, Otamendi, 09 - XII- 2007, J. P. Torretta (MACN); 1 ♂, Martín García, 26 - X- 1947, A. Bachman (MACN); 4 ♂, 1 ♀, San Fernando, 5 - IX- 1952 (MLP); 1 ♀, San Fernando, 24 - XII- 1951 (MLP); 1 ♂, Dique Lujan, 13 - 1946 (MLP), 2 ♂, Olivos (MLP). Brazil. 1 ♂, Curitiba, S. Laroca (MACN).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE3FF9F32B7F9BB8F66F8D2.taxon	description	Species of this group are small to medium sized, 4.2 – 9.5 mm long. The proboscides lack hooked hairs, and the males usually lack projections in front of the mid coxae, except A. romeroi and A. saltensis, with tuberculiform elevations. The vestiture is black and white to greyish in all the species (Figs. 6 A – D); the mestasomal apical bands are white, usually interrupted on T 1, and the female tibial scopa has black hairs dorsally and white hairs ventrally. There are no synapomorphies uniting the group, which may be proved to be paraphyletic relative to the ursinus group.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE3FF9F32B7FE478E18FC51.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 A – B)	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE3FF9F32B7FE478E18FC51.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females of A. ursinus are distinguished, among species with hooked hairs on the first and second labial palpi, by the black and white scopa, the yellow hairs on the discs of T 2 – T 4, and the long pubescence of the scutum (0.86 – 1.18 x MOD). Males are characterized, among males with golden pubescence, by the pointed hind basitarsus without inner tooth (Fig. 5 A), the weakly emarginate S 6 (Fig. 5 B), the light brown hind femur without evident mark, and the inner surface of the hind basitarsus with long hairs, 0.70 – 1.43 x MOD.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE3FF9F32B7FE478E18FC51.taxon	discussion	Comments. Ancyloscelis ursinus has not been found in Argentina, but it has been included in the key since it occurs at the same latitude both in Paraguay and Brazil, and it is likely to occur in the province of Misiones.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE3FF9F32B7FE478E18FC51.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil and Paraguay. Brazil, states of Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul, and São Paulo. Paraguay, department of Guayrá.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE3FF9F32B7FE478E18FC51.taxon	materials_examined	Material studied. Brazil. Minas Gerais: 2 ♀, 1 ♂, Passos, 17 / 22 - XII- 1962, Elias (MACN). Paraguay. Guairá: 1 ♀, Col Independencia, I- 1951 (MACN); 1 ♂, Villarica, diciembre (MACN).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE0FF9D32B7FF428EC0FEF2.taxon	description	(Figs. 6 A, 7 A, 8 A, 11 A, 13 E)	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE0FF9D32B7FF428EC0FEF2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is characterized by its small size, the length of the forewing being 4.3 – 6.0 mm. The antenna is entirely orange in the male (Fig. 8 A), and varies in the female, the flagellum being orange to brown, but scape and pedicel always orange. The pronotal lobe is also orange. The male has a strongly developed inner tooth on the hind basitarsus (Fig. 11 A). The hidden sterna and genital capsule have been drawn by Michener (1954) and Rodríguez and Roig-Alsina (2004).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE0FF9D32B7FF428EC0FEF2.taxon	discussion	Comments. The extensive synonymy of this species has been treated by Moure & Melo (2007); only recent citations are mentioned above.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE0FF9D32B7FF428EC0FEF2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. From U. S. A. to Argentina. Argentina: provinces of Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Santiago del Estero, San Juan, Santa Fe, Chaco, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta, Misiones, Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Entre Ríos, and San Luis. New records. Argentina. Buenos Aires: 1 ♂, Burzaco Sea L., 12 - 13 - III- 1974, C & M Vardy (NHMUK); 1 ♂, Buenos Aires, XII- 9 - 1902, J. Brethes (MACN); 1 ♂, Buenos Aires, march (MACN); 1 ♂, San Pedro, 3 - I- 2009, Roig-Alsina (MACN); 2 ♂, 2 ♀, Sierra de la Ventana, 18 - II- 2016, Companucci (MACN); 1 ♀, Reserva Ecologica Costanera Sur, 24 - II- 2012, Companucci, Galvani y González V. (MACN); 1 ♀, Reserva Ecologica Costanera Sur, 2 - III- 2012, Companucci, Galvani y González V. (MACN). Santiago del Estero: 1 ♂, Colonia Dora, 15 / 26 - XI- 1979, C & M Vardy (NHMUK). Chaco: 1 ♂, Colonia Mixta, 4 - I- 2017, A. Schaller (MACN); 2 ♂, Colonia Elisa, 15 - XI- 2017, 18 - III- 2019, A. Schaller (MACN), 3 ♂, Resistencia, 11 - XI- 2017, A. Schaller (MACN), 10 ♂, 7 ♀, Puerto Tirol 26 - XI- 2018 A. Schaller (MACN). Córdoba: 2 ♂, 2 ♀, E. Giacomelli (MACN). Entre Ríos: 1 ♂, Paraná, XI (MACN); 1 ♂, Liebig, 19 - XII- 2004, Roig-Alsina (MACN). San Juan: 2 ♂, 6 ♀, PN El Leoncito, 26 - I- 2006 Companucci, Ojanguren and Piacentini (MACN). Santa Fe: 1 ♂, Rosario 10 - XII- 1945 A. O (MACN).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE1FF9D32B7FA0A8F28F870.taxon	description	(Figs. 6 B, 7 B, 8 B, 11 B, 13 F)	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE1FF9D32B7FA0A8F28F870.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is closely related to A. apiformis, from which it can be separated by the black scape and pedicel in both sexes, and the flagellum is also dark in the males; the pronotal lobe is also dark (Fig. 8 B). This is the smallest species in Argentina, the length of the forewing being 3.9 – 5.7 mm. The inner tooth of the hind basitarsus is similar to that of A. apiformis, but less prominent and not hooked (Fig. 11 B). The hidden sterna and genital capsule have been drawn by Rodríguez and Roig-Alsina (2004).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE1FF9D32B7FA0A8F28F870.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay. Argentina: province of Salta. Bolivia, department Santa Cruz. Paraguay, departments of Guayrá and Alto Paraguay. New records. Bolivia, 3 ♂, Santa Cruz, 24 km S. Camiri, 3 - I- 1999, ME Irwin & FD Parker (BBSL).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE6FF9A32B7FF428E87FCC2.taxon	description	(Figs. 6 C, 7 C, 8 C, 11 C, 13 G)	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE6FF9A32B7FF428E87FCC2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This is a medium sized species (length of forewing 6.0 – 8.5 mm) easy to distinguish by the color of the forewing, which has a dark spot apical to the marginal cell, with the remainder of the wing margin paler. The pubescence is dense and long, the hairs on the mesopleuron are 3.2 – 4.1 x MOD (male) and 2.3 – 3.0 x MOD (female). Males are characterized by the orange scape and pedicel (Fig. 8 C), and the shape of the hind basitarsus (11 C), which has a basal inner rounded projection followed by a median tooth, and a broadly rounded apex. The hidden sterna and genital capsule have been drawn by Rodríguez and Roig-Alsina (2004).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE6FF9A32B7FF428E87FCC2.taxon	discussion	Comments. The extensive synonymy of this species has been treated by Moure & Melo (2007); only recent citations are mentioned above.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE6FF9A32B7FF428E87FCC2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. Argentina: provinces of Chaco, Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Entre Ríos, San Luis, Misiones and Santa Fe. New records. Argentina. Chaco: 2 ♂, Resistencia, 11 - XI- 2017, A. Schaller (MACN); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Parque Caraguatá, 21 - X- 2016, A. Schaller (MACN); 3 ♂, Villa Fabiana, 30 - XII- 2016, A. Schaller (MACN). Buenos Aires: 6 ♂, 3 ♀, Sierra de los Difuntos: Estancia Paititi, 6 - I- 2015, R. González V. (MACN); 1 ♀, Azul, 15 - II- 2012, Sanguinetti (MACN). Misiones: 1 ♂, Depto. Concepción, Santa María, XI- 1952, M. J. Viana (MACN).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE7FF9B32B7FF4288B1FDF5.taxon	description	(Figs. 6 D, 7 D, 8 D, 11 D, 13 H)	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE7FF9B32B7FF4288B1FDF5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is similar to A. romeroi in size (length of forewing 5.9 – 7.3 mm). It is distinguished by the color of the forewing, which has the entire apical margin darkened, and by the shorter pubescence. The hairs on the mesopleuron are 1.7 – 2.7 x MOD (male) and 1.8 – 1.9 x MOD (female). Males are characterized by the black scape and pedicel (8 D). The shape of the hind basitarsus is similar to that of A. romeroi, with a basal inner rounded projection followed by a median tooth, but the apex is pointed (11 D). The hidden sterna and genital capsule have been drawn by Rodríguez and Roig-Alsina (2004).	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
039787BCFFE7FF9B32B7FF4288B1FDF5.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina: province of Salta.	en	Schaller, A., Roig-Alsina, A. (2021): A revision of the bee genus Ancyloscelis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Argentina. Zootaxa 4980 (3): 521-540, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.4
