identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
AA64DA0FA85054DDA62B6F628537439C.text	AA64DA0FA85054DDA62B6F628537439C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhamnus nigricans Hand. - Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien. Math. - Naturwiss. Kl. 62: 234 – 235. 1925.	<div><p>Rhamnus nigricans Hand.-Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 62: 234-235. 1925. Fig. 1</p><p>Sageretia yunlongensis G.S.Fan &amp; L.L.Deng, Sida 16(3): 477, f. 1. 1995. syn. nov. Type: China. Yunnan: Yunlong County, 1300 m, 26 Oct 1987, Expedition Team 161 (holotype SWFC!)</p><p>Type material.</p><p>China. Yunnan: "Beyendjing medium inter Tschuhsiung (Tsuyung) et Yungbei", 1800 m, 15 May 1915, Hand.-Mazz. 6311 (holotype WU!; isotypes A [00051422], K [K000729152]).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Evergreen vines, shrubs or small trees up to 6 m tall, dioecious. Young branches yellowish-brown pubescent; old branches scattered with tuberculate lenticels. Leaves alternate; stipules caducous; petioles 1.2-2.5 cm; leaf blades papery or thickly papery, ovate, oblong to broadly elliptic, 5-16  × 3-7 cm, abaxially puberulent or only on veins, adaxially usually glabrous, lateral veins 5-7 pairs, prominent abaxially, impressed adaxially, base rounded to subcordate, margin densely cartilaginous serrulate, apex acuminate to shortly caudate. Inflorescences axillary, spicate or paniculate, rachises up to 10 cm, puberulent. Flowers unisexual, 5-merous; pedicels 1-2 mm; sepals triangular; petals clawed. Drupes subglobose or globose, ca. 6 mm in diam., turning purple-black at maturity; pyrenes 2-3, asymmetrical, abaxially with a margined furrow extending over 3/4 of length.</p><p>Phenology.</p><p>Flowering from May to July; ripe fruits from October to December.</p><p>Distribution and habitat.</p><p>The species is distributed in southwestern China (Yunnan; Fig. 2). It grows in thickets on dry slope at elevation from 1300 to 2000 m.</p><p>Note.</p><p>Although the genera  Rhamnus and  Sageretia are similar in morphology, they distinctly differ in characters of inflorescence (fascicled, cymose racemes, or cymose panicles in  Rhamnus vs. spikes or spicate panicles in  Sageretia) and fruits (basally persistent discoid calyx tube in  Rhamnus vs. persistent reflexed calyx or remaining inconspicuous disk in  Sageretia). The type collection of  S. yunlongensis, Expedition Team 161, has branched cymose panicles and fruits basally covered with discoid calyx tube, suggesting it belongs to  Rhamnus rather than  Sageretia . In fact,  S. yunlongensis (Fig. 1B) extremely resembles  R. nigricans (Fig. 1A), they share similar habit, indumentum, leaf blade shape and size, inflorescence, and fruit, and highly overlapped distribution. Thus  S. yunlongensis is herein reduced to a synonym of  R. nigricans .</p><p>Additional specimens examined.</p><p>China. Yunnan: Weishan Yi and Hui Autonomous County, 1500 m, 2012, Weishan Expedition Team 5329271259 (IMDY);  Yongde County, 1830 m, 9 Jul 2006, E.D. Liu 170 (KUN);  Shuangbai County, 1670 m, 15 Apr 1957, W.Q. Yin 747 (KUN, LBG, PE);  Lushui County, 1544 m, 12 May 2005, Gaoligong Shan Biodiversity Survey 23964 (E)  .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AA64DA0FA85054DDA62B6F628537439C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Yang, Yi;Peng, Hua;Sun, Hang	Yang, Yi, Peng, Hua, Sun, Hang (2021): Taxonomic revision of Sageretia (Rhamnaceae) from China I: identities of S. lucida, S. thea var. cordiformis and S. yunlongensis, with the description of a new species S. ellipsoidea. PhytoKeys 179: 13-28, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.179.64750, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.179.64750
D2EC203A13F853A5A156C6648B4487ED.text	D2EC203A13F853A5A156C6648B4487ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sageretia cordiformis (Y. L. Chen & P. K. Chou) Yi Yang, H. Sun & H. Peng, comb. & 2021	<div><p>Sageretia cordiformis (Y.L.Chen &amp; P.K.Chou) Yi Yang, H.Sun &amp; H.Peng, comb. &amp; stat. nov.: xin ye que mei teng (心叶雀梅藤) Figs 3C, D, 4A, B</p><p>S. thea var. cordiformis Y.L.Chen &amp; P.K.Chou in Bull. Bot. Lab. North-East. Forest. Inst. 5: 74. 1979. Basionym.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>China. Yunnan: Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, 730 m, 28 Dec 1958, W.T. Wang 10496 (holotype KUN [1207932]; isotype KUN [1207933]).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Evergreen shrubs. Branches usually alternate, armed, glabrous to puberulent; second- to fourth-year branches brown. Leaves alternate or subopposite; petioles 1-3 mm, leaf blades leathery, shiny, glabrous, cordate to ovate-orbicular, 1-3  × 0.8-2 cm, lateral veins 2-3 pairs, flat abaxially, impressed adaxially, base cordate or subcordate, margin crenate, apex obtuse or rounded. Inflorescences spicate or spicate-paniculate; rachises 1.5-5 (-10) cm. Flowers sessile; sepals triangular-ovate; petals clawed; stamens as long as petals. Drupes subglobose, ca. 5-6 mm in diam., from green to red and finally turn black, base with persistently reflexed calyx; pyrenes 2-3, emarginate at both ends, asymmetrical.</p><p>Phenology.</p><p>Flowering in September; ripe fruits from December to January of the following year.</p><p>Distribution and habitat.</p><p>The species is distributed in China (southwestern Yunnan; Fig. 2). It grows in thickets on tropical limestone mountains at elevation from 700 to 1100 m.</p><p>Note.</p><p>In Flora Yunnanica, Fan (2006) reduced  Sageretia thea var. cordiformis to the synonym of  S. cordifolia (Fig. 3A, B) with no justification given.  S. cordifolia occurs in Laos (Pakson) and factually resembles  S. thea var thea . However,  S. thea var. cordiformis and  S. cordifolia differ in petiole length (1-3 mm in former vs. 4-8 mm in latter), leaf blade shape (cordate to ovate-orbicular vs. ovate-oblong to ovate-lanceolate) and size (1-3  × 0.8-2 cm vs. 3.5-6  × 1.5-3 cm), and number of lateral veins (2-3 pairs vs. 3-5 pairs) (Table 1). Hence, we disagree with  Fan’s treatment.</p><p>Based on specimen examination and our field observations,  S. thea var. cordiformis and the type variety (Fig. 3E, F, Fig. 4C, D) differ in petiole length (1-3 mm in  S. thea var. cordiformis vs. 2-7 mm in type variety), leaf blade texture (leathery vs. papery), and number of lateral veins (2-3 pairs vs. 3-5 (-7) pairs). In fact, Chen and Chou (1979) had clearly mentioned the sharp morphological distinctions between  S. thea var. cordiformis and the type variety in the protologue. Furthermore, the results of molecular phylogenetic analyses based on five loci (ITS, ETS, psb A- trn H, pet A- psb J and trn L- trn F) in Yang et al. (2019) indicated the independent species status of  S. thea var. cordiformis splitting from the type variety. In their study,  S. thea var. cordiformis,  S. pycnophylla C.K.Schneid. and  S. yilinii G.S.Fan &amp; S.K.Chen form a clade, while  S. thea var. thea is in a highly supported clade with  S. subcaudata C.K.Schneid. and  S. rugosa . Considering the broad discrepancies between  S. thea var. cordiformis and  S. thea var. thea in morphology and molecular phylogeny, we raise the former to  S. cordiformis .</p><p>Specimens of  Sageretia cordifolia examined.</p><p>Laos. Pakson, 1200 m, Nov 1938, E. Poilane 28562 (holotype P [01818865]; isotypes P [P01818866, P01818867, P06765093]).</p><p>Additional specimens of  Sageretia cordiformis examined.</p><p>China. Yunnan: Mengla County, 25 Sept 1961, Y.H. Li 3588 (KUN); 1200 m, 24 Nov 1975, Y.H. Li 20033 (HITBC); 1000 m, 9 Sept 1959, S.C. Pei 10046 (HITBC); 10 Sept 2004, S.S. Zhou 2084 (PE); ca. 1000 m, 21 Dec 2015, Y. Yang &amp; Z. Chen xsbn03 (KUN); ca. 1000 m, 24 Dec 2016, Y. Yang &amp; L.S. Qian OYY001 (KUN).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D2EC203A13F853A5A156C6648B4487ED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Yang, Yi;Peng, Hua;Sun, Hang	Yang, Yi, Peng, Hua, Sun, Hang (2021): Taxonomic revision of Sageretia (Rhamnaceae) from China I: identities of S. lucida, S. thea var. cordiformis and S. yunlongensis, with the description of a new species S. ellipsoidea. PhytoKeys 179: 13-28, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.179.64750, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.179.64750
7195CBE6DC655CA7BAAC121B5D7DDA13.text	7195CBE6DC655CA7BAAC121B5D7DDA13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sageretia ellipsoidea Yi Yang, H. Sun & H. Peng 2021	<div><p>Sageretia ellipsoidea Yi Yang, H.Sun &amp; H.Peng sp. nov.: tuo guo que mei teng (椭果雀梅藤) Figs 5, 6, 7</p><p>Type material.</p><p>China. Guangdong: "Ying Tak, Taai Tsan, Wan Tong Shan" (Yingde City, Taizhen Town, Wentang Mountain), 17 Oct 1926, W.T. Tsang &amp; K.C. Wong 2718 (holotype IBSC [0404901]; isotype SYS [SYS00086833]); 18 Oct 1926, W.T. Tsang &amp; K.C. Wong 2723 (paratype IBSC [0404896]); 6 Oct 1926, W.T. Tsang &amp; K.C. Wong 2479 (paratype SYS [SYS00086832]).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Similar to  S. hamosa (Wall.) Brongn., but differs in having smaller leaves (5-12  × 2.5-4 cm in  S. ellipsoidea vs. 8-15 (-25)  × 3.5-6 (-7) cm in  S. hamosa), less lateral veins (5-7 pairs vs. 7-11 pairs), shorter rachises (1-3 (-10) cm vs. 6-20 (-25) cm), and ellipsoidal or elliptic-ovoid fruits (vs. subglobose or globose in  S. hamosa).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Woody vines. Branches opposite or subopposite, glabrous; first-year branches green, sometimes with hard-straight spine opposite to leaf, second- to fourth-year branches reddish brown. Leaves opposite or subopposite; petioles 8-15 mm, leaf blades leathery, ovate-oblong, oblong to elliptic, 5-12  × 2.5-4 cm, lateral veins 5-7 pairs, prominent abaxially, impressed adaxially, base rounded, margin crenate, apex obtuse to shortly acuminate. Inflorescences usually axillary spicate, rarely spicate-paniculate; rachises 1-3 (-10) cm. Flowers subsessile, white to yellowish white; sepals triangular-ovate, ca. 1.5 mm, apex acute; petals clawed; stamens as long as petals. Drupes ellipsoidal or elliptic-ovoid, 10-12  × 5-7 mm, green, turning to orange-red, claret and finally purple-black, base with inconspicuous disk remains; pyrenes 1-2, emarginate at both ends, asymmetrical.</p><p>Phenology.</p><p>Flowering from April to July, ripe fruits from November to January of next-year.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>This species is named for its ellipsoidal or elliptic-ovoid drupes which are different from other  Sageretia species (subglobose or globose).</p><p>Distribution and habitat.</p><p>The species is currently found in southern China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan; Fig. 2), and probably in northeastern Vietnam. It grows in moist forests along streams on granite mountains below 1200 m.</p><p>Note.</p><p>When he erected the species  Sageretia lucida, Merrill (1931) cited four collections, including W.T. Tsang &amp; K.C. Wong 14340, 14579, 14584 and 15121, of which 15121 was selected as type and the other three collections were automatically treated as paratypes. However, the four numbers above belong to herbarium numbers which are ineffective nowadays, and the corresponding field numbers are W.T. Tsang &amp; K.C. Wong 2479, 2718, 2723 and 3260, respectively. Moreover, another problem is that the paratype collections (2479, 2718 and 2723) factually represent an undescribed  Sageretia species distinctly differing from  S. lucida (3260) based on geological and morphological evidences. Among the four collections of  S. lucida, three paratype collections were all collected from "Wan Tong Shan" (Wentang Shan) and type collection from "Chung Tung" (Zhongdong Village, about 10 km apart to the Wentang Shan). Based on field investigations, we find that Wentang Shan has granite landform while Zhongdong Village limestone landform. Furthermore, the three paratype collections are morphologically identical, but noticeably different from the type collection in terms of branchlet color (reddish brown in paratype collections vs. gray to dark gray in type collection), phyllotaxis (opposite or subopposite vs. alternate), rachis length (1-3 (-10) cm vs. 5-10 cm), and phenology (blooming in spring or early summer vs. in autumn) (seen in Table 2). Consequently, the species represented by the paratype collections of  S. lucida is erected as a new species, namely  S. ellipsoidea Yi Yang, H.Sun &amp; H.Peng.</p><p>Besides, the samples of "  Sageretia lucida " in Yang et al. (2019) factually also belong to  S. ellipsoidea . According to Yang et al. (2019), the new species is sister to  S. hamosa and they form an early diverging clade. In morphology and phenology, the new species also most resembles  S. hamosa through sharing similar habit (woody vine), larger fruit size (ca. 1 cm long or in diam.) and fruiting season (winter). Nonetheless,  S. ellipsoidea can be easily distinguished based on its smaller leaves, fewer lateral veins, shorter rachises, and ellipsoidal or elliptic-ovoid drupes (Table 2).</p><p>Additional specimens examined.</p><p>China. Fujian: Minhou County, 4 Oct 2014, B. Chen &amp; D.M. Jin CSH12700 (CSH); Nanjing County, 400 m, 19 Nov 1963, Xiamen Univ. Coll. Team 805 (PE);  Pinghe County, 600 m, 23 Feb 1980, G.S. He 0475 (FJSI);  Zhao'an
County
, 950 m, 16 Mar 2015, X.F. Zeng ZXF19893 (CZH)  .   Guangxi: Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, 200 m, 6 Apr 1982, Dayao Shan Expedition Team 13973 (IBSC); Shangsi County,  Shiwandashan, 370-390 m, 14 Nov 2011, D.X. Nong et al. FC2011061 (GXMG)  .   Guangdong: Dinghu District, 8 Nov 1963, G.Q. Ding &amp; G.L. Shi 1132 (IBSC); Fengkai County, 15 Nov 1980, G.Q. Ding &amp; G.L. Shi 6652 (CDBI);  Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County, 17 Aug 1935, S.K. Lau 23948 (IBK);  Huaiji County, 500 m, 26 Oct 1958, Y.G. Liu 2707 (HHBG); Yangchun City, 6 Nov 1935, C. Wang 38672 (IBK, PE);  Chao'an
District
, 900 m, 18 Oct 2009, X.F. Zeng ZXF8404 (CZH);  Conghua District, 600 m, 4 Dec 1958, L. Deng 8836 (IBK); Shenzhen City, 300-350 m, 20 Sept 2006, G.D. Wang et al. 6474 (SZG);  Boluo County, 444.6 m, 1 Apr 2019, Y. Yang OYY00121 (KUN)  .   Hainan: Baoting Li and Miao Autonomous County, 6 May 1935, F.C. How 72211 (IBK);  Changjiang Li Autonomous County, 7 Jun 1934, H.Y. Liang 64162 (IBK);  Baisha Li Autonomous County, 29 Apr 1936, S.K. Lau 26548 (IBK);  Lingshui Li Autonomous County, 21 Oct 1956, L. Deng 2785 (KUN)  .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7195CBE6DC655CA7BAAC121B5D7DDA13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Yang, Yi;Peng, Hua;Sun, Hang	Yang, Yi, Peng, Hua, Sun, Hang (2021): Taxonomic revision of Sageretia (Rhamnaceae) from China I: identities of S. lucida, S. thea var. cordiformis and S. yunlongensis, with the description of a new species S. ellipsoidea. PhytoKeys 179: 13-28, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.179.64750, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.179.64750
DFAABBCCF7B1508592909309A1ECDD3B.text	DFAABBCCF7B1508592909309A1ECDD3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sageretia lucida Merr. in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 7: 314. 1931.	<div><p>Sageretia lucida Merr. in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 7: 314. 1931. Fig. 8</p><p>Type material.</p><p>China. Guangdong: "Ying Tak, Taai Tsan, Chung Tung" (Yingde City, Taizhen Town, Zhongdong Village), 24 Nov 1926, W.T. Tsang &amp; K.C. Wong 3260 (holotype UC [319815]; isotypes A [00051501], SYS [SYS00095840], US [00094394]).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Shrubs up to 3 m. Branches alternate, glabrous; second- to fourth-year branches gray to dark gray. Leaves alternate; petioles 6-10 mm, leaf blades leathery, ovate-oblong to oblong, 5-10  × 2.5-4 cm, lateral veins 4-6 pairs, prominent abaxially, impressed adaxially, base sub-rounded to rounded, margin serrulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences axillary spicate; rachis 5-10 cm. Flowers sessile; sepals triangular-ovate, 1.2-1.5 mm long; petals clawed; stamens as long as petals. Fruits unknown.</p><p>Phenology.</p><p>Flowering in November; fruits unknown, probably ripening from April to May of the next year.</p><p>Distribution and habitat.</p><p>The species is endemic to Yingde, Guangdong, China (Fig. 2). It probably grows in thickets on limestone mountains at elevation ca. 700 m.</p><p>Note.</p><p>Sageretia lucida is closest to  S. henryi Drumm. &amp; Sprague in morphology and sharing similar limestone habitats and flowering in autumn. Thus, Merrill and Chun (1940) synonymized  S. lucida to  S. henryi . Chen and Schirarend (2007) disagreed with the synonymization of  S. lucida because  S. henryi was factually compared with  S. ellipsoidea rather than the true  S. lucida in their study. Nonetheless, we have limited knowledge on  S. lucida so far because of the lack of field collections, and so know nothing about the fruits. In order to get more information on the species, we conducted investigations at the type location of  S. lucida (Zhongdong Village) during early summer in 2016 and autumn in 2020, respectively, but failed to find any individuals. Consequently, we suggest to suspend the synonymization of  S. lucida to  S. henryi until more evidence has been obtained.</p><p>Additional specimens examined.</p><p>China. Guangdong: Yingde City,  Zhongdong Village, 13 Nov 1926, W.T. Tsang &amp; K.C. Wong 3114 (SYS)  .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DFAABBCCF7B1508592909309A1ECDD3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Yang, Yi;Peng, Hua;Sun, Hang	Yang, Yi, Peng, Hua, Sun, Hang (2021): Taxonomic revision of Sageretia (Rhamnaceae) from China I: identities of S. lucida, S. thea var. cordiformis and S. yunlongensis, with the description of a new species S. ellipsoidea. PhytoKeys 179: 13-28, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.179.64750, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.179.64750
