taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D687B6FFAC6D5CFF6F09E2FA833FF6.taxon	description	(Figures 1 – 40, 222, 228 – 230, Table 1) http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: B 22 A 452 D- E 09 D- 4688 - 96 F 9 - 7 AFA 7 AE 369 E 4	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFAC6D5CFF6F09E2FA833FF6.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE DEPOSITORY. Iran, Hormozgan Province, Shahre Babak, Jask – Bashagard road, 25 ° 50 ' 53.1 " N 57 ° 50 ' 40.7 " E, 178 m a. s. l.; FKCP. TYPE MATERIAL (FKCP). Iran, Hormozgan Province, Shahre Babak, Jask – Bashagard road, 25 ° 50 ' 53.1 " N 57 ° 50 ' 40.7 " E, 178 m a. s. l. (Locality No. HO- 120), V. 2008, 1 ♂ (holotype) 1 ♀ (paratype), leg. Masihipour, Bahrani & Habibzadeh; Bandare Jask – Bashagard road, 25 ° 50 ' 11.4 " N 57 ° 50 ' 14.6 " E, 146 m a. s. l. (Locality No. HO- 119, Fig. 229), V. 2008, 1 ♀ (paratype), leg. Masihipour, Bahrani & Habibzadeh; Jask – Bashagard road, 25 ° 55 ' 18.4 " N 57 ° 49 ' 42.3 " E, 274 m a. s. l. (Locality No. HO- 121), V. 2008, 1 ♂ 1 juv. (paratypes), leg. Masihipour, Bahrani & Habibzadeh; Jask – Minab road, 25 ° 52 ' 34.9 " N 57 ° 29 ' 47.4 " E, 46 m a. s. l. (Locality No. HO- 126, Fig. 230), V. 2008, 1 juv. (paratype), leg. Masihipour, Bahrani & Habibzadeh.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFAC6D5CFF6F09E2FA833FF6.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. Named after the province of occurrence	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFAC6D5CFF6F09E2FA833FF6.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS (♂ ♀). Total length of adults 28 – 38 mm. Trichobothrium d 2 on the dorsal surface of pedipalp femur absent or reduced. Moderate tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Pectinal teeth number 20 – 22 in both sexes. Movable finger of pedipalps with 8 rows of denticles, 8 – 9 ID and 7 – 8 OD. Dorsal carinae on pedipalp patella present and smooth. Metasoma V dorsal surface mesially smooth. Metasoma I – II with 10 carinae, metasoma III with 8 carinae. Metasoma V with weak / reduced ventrolateral carinae, at least in the male. Metasoma IV – V ventrally and laterally shallowly punctate; spaces among punctae smooth ventrally and granulated laterally; metasoma II – III ventrally and laterally granulated and bumpy with punctation reduced; ventral carinae of metasoma I – III consist of small granules irregularly in two or three rows. Sternite VII roughly irregularly granulated, with wide granulated carinae developed. Pedipalp, metasoma and telson glabrous. Tarsomere I of legs with bristlecombs composed of 5 – 7 bristles. Ratio length / width of metasoma V 1.12 – 1.18 in both sexes.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFAC6D5CFF6F09E2FA833FF6.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION. Total length of adults 28 – 38 mm in both sexes. Measurements of the carapace, telson, segments of the metasoma and segments of the pedipalps are given in Table 1. For habitus, see Figs. 1 – 4. Coloration (Figs. 1 – 4). Carapace, tergites, metasoma and usually femur of pedipalps and legs black, tibia and tarsomeres of legs and fingers of pedipalps yellow. Patella of legs and pedipalps and pedipalp chela yellowish brown to brown. Sternite VII black, other sternites reddish brown to black with yellow median area present in posterior margin of sternites IV – VI. Telson reddish brown. Mesosoma and carapace (Figs. 11 – 14, 20 – 21). Mesosoma with a median carina, densely granulated. Carapace roughly granulated with smooth areas, mainly around medial eyes. Carination of carapace reduced to absent. The seventh sternite granulated, with four wide granulated carinae, the other sternites are granulated except smooth median area. Pectinal teeth number 20 – 22 in both sexes. Metasoma and telson (Figs. 5 – 10, 22, 222). Metasoma I – II with 10 granulated carinae. Metasoma II – V lack lateral carinae, ventromedian carinae present on metasoma I – III, ventrolateral carinae present on all metasomal segments, dorsolateral carinae present on metasoma I – III and reduced to absent on metasoma IV – V. Ventral carinae of metasoma I – III consist of small granules irregularly forming two or three rows. All metasomal segments are granulated laterally, more in metasoma I – III; granulation absent on dorsal surfaces of all metasomal segments and ventral surfaces of segments IV – V. Segments IV – V ventrally and laterally are shallowly punctate; spaces among punctae are smooth. The entire metasoma and telson glabrous; short, thin setae might issue from some punctae. Telson shallowly punctate and lacks granules. Pedipalps (Figs. 23 – 40). The distance between trichobothria d 1 and d 3 on the femur of pedipalp approximately equals that between d 3 and d 4; trichobothrium e 1 is situated in level with d 4. Trichobothrium d 2 on the dorsal surface of pedipalp femur absent or reduced. Femur of pedipalp with five granulated carinae. Patella with seven smooth reduced carinae; chela with smooth carinae, which might be discernible throughout the length of the fixed finger. The entire pedipalp only very sparsely hirsute. Movable fingers with 8 rows of denticles, 8 – 9 ID and 7 – 8 OD. Legs (Figs. 15 – 19). Moderate tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Femur with four partly granulated carinae; patella with five rather smooth carinae; tibia smooth. Patella with only a few bristles. Tibia with bristles on the outer side of legs I – II. Tarsomere I of first to third legs with bristlecombs composed of 5 – 7 bristles, short in male and long in female; fourth legs lack bristlecombs. Tarsomeres I – II of all legs with two rather irregular rows of bristles. Measurements. See Table 1.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFAC6D5CFF6F09E2FA833FF6.taxon	discussion	AFFINITIES. The described features distinguish O. hormozganensis sp. n. from all other species of the genus. They are recounted in the key below. O. hormozganensis sp. n. is similar to O. varius Kovařík, 2004. These two species can be distinguished according to the metasoma morphology. In the key below, we used the difference in granulation of carinae. Another difference is in the granulation of the ventral surfaces on metasoma I – III, which are densely granulated in the male of O. hormozganensis sp. n. (Fig. 10) and rather smooth with several granules in O. varius.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFAC6D5CFF6F09E2FA833FF6.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran, Hormozgan Province (Fig. 228).	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFA16D5EFC330DC9FC5239B0.taxon	description	(Figures 41 – 87, 223, 228, Table 2)	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFA16D5EFC330DC9FC5239B0.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE DEPOSITORY. Iran, Kerman Province, Shahre Babak – Anar road, 30 ° 10 ' 53 " N 55 ° 04 ' 56 " E, 1906 m a. s. l.; FKCP. TYPE MATERIAL (FKCP). Iran, Kerman Province, Shahre Babak – Anar road, 30 ° 10 ' 53 " N 55 ° 04 ' 56 " E, 1906 m a. s. l. (Locality No. KE- 52), V. 2009, 1 ♂ (holotype) 1 ♀ juv. (paratype), leg. Koohpaye, Jamalizadeh & Ebrahimi; Dehdasht, Pabdana, 30 ° 57 ' 24 " N 56 ° 32 ' 23 " E, 1975 m a. s. l. (Locality No. KE- 34), V. 2009, 1 ♀ (paratype), leg. Koohpaye, Jamalizadeh & Ebrahimi; Zarand, 30 ° 47 ' 42 " N 56 ° 35 ' 19 " E, 1678 m a. s. l. (Locality No. KE- 36), V. 2009, 1 ♀ (paratype), leg. Koohpaye, Jamalizadeh & Ebrahimi; Bardsir-Sirjan road, 29 ° 56 ' 59 " N 56 ° 38 ' 17 " E, 2036 m a. s. l. (Locality No. KE- 103), V. 2009, 1 ♀ (paratype), leg. Koohpaye, Jamalizadeh & Ebrahimi.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFA16D5EFC330DC9FC5239B0.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. Named after the province of occurrence.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFA16D5EFC330DC9FC5239B0.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS (♂ ♀). Total length of adults 33 – 40 mm. Trichobothrium d 2 at pedipalp femur dorsal surface absent or reduced. Moderate to strong tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Pectinal teeth number 17 – 19 in both sexes. Movable finger of pedipalps with 7 – 8 rows of denticles, 6 – 8 ID and 4 – 6 OD. Dorsal carinae on pedipalp patella present and smooth. Metasoma V dorsal surface mesially smooth. Metasoma I – II with 10 carinae, metasoma III with 8 carinae, metasoma IV – V with four granulated carinae present. Ventral carinae of metasoma I – III consist of a row of large granules, at least in the male. Metasoma IV – V ventrally and laterally with developed punctation; spaces among punctae smooth; metasoma II – III ventrally and laterally granulated and bumpy with punctation reduced. Sternite VII finely granulate, with granulate carinae developed. Pedipalp, metasoma and telson very sparsely hirsute, rather glabrous. Tarsomere I of legs with bristlecombs composed of 5 – 7 long bristles. Ratio length / width of metasoma V in males 1.33.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFA16D5EFC330DC9FC5239B0.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION. Total length of adults 33 – 40 mm in both sexes. Measurements of the carapace, telson, segments of the metasoma and segments of the pedipalps are given in Table 2. For habitus, see Figs. 41 – 44. Coloration (Figs. 41 – 44). Carapace, tergites, and metasoma brown to black. Pedipalps and legs yellow, yellowish brown, or black. Sternite VII brown or black, other sternites yellowish or reddish brown to black, with yellow median area in posterior margin of sternites IV – VI reduced or absent. Telson reddish brown. Mesosoma and carapace (Figs. 51 – 54, 65 – 66). Mesosoma with a median carina and is roughly granulated in middle but laterally smooth with several fine granules in males; females can have roughly granulated whole tergites. Carapace without carinae, roughly granulated posteriorly and laterally, interocular triangle is smooth. The seventh sternite is finely granulated and with four wide granulated carinae, the other sternites are rather smooth, sparsely granulated mainly in anterior parts. Pectinal teeth number 19 in male and 17 – 19 in females. Metasoma and telson (Figs. 45 – 50, 63 – 64, 67, 223). Metasoma I – II with 10 granulated carinae. Metasoma III – V lack lateral carinae, ventromedian carinae present on metasoma I – III, ventrolateral carinae present on all metasomal segments, dorsolateral carinae present on metasoma I – IV and reduced to absent on metasoma V. Ventral carinae of metasoma I – III consist of a row of large granules. Metasoma I granulated laterally, other segments are laterally smooth; granulation absent on dorsal surfaces of all metasomal segments except several fine granules on metasoma V dorsal mesially. Punctation on metasoma IV – V is ventrally and laterally developed, spaces among punctae are smooth. The entire metasoma and telson glabrous; short, thin setae might issue from some punctae. Telson shallowly punctate and lacks granules. Pedipalps (Figs. 68 – 87). Trichobothrium d 2 on the dorsal surface of pedipalp femur is absent or reduced; trichobothrium e 1 is situated in level with d 4. Femur of pedipalp with five granulate carinae. Patella with seven smooth carinae; the chela with smooth carinae which may be discernible throughout the length of the fixed finger. The entire pedipalp only very sparsely hirsute. Movable fingers with 7 – 8 rows of denticles, 6 – 8 ID and 4 – 6 OD. Legs (Figs. 55 – 62). Moderate to strong tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Femur with four partly granulated carinae; patella with five rather smooth carinae; tibia smooth. Patella with only a few bristles. Tibia with bristles on the outer side of legs I – II. Tarsomere I of first to third legs with bristlecombs composed of 5 – 7 bristles long in both sexes, fourth legs lack bristlecombs. Tarsomeres I – II of all legs with two rather irregular rows of bristles. Measurements. See Table 2. AFFINITIES. The described features distinguish O. kermanensis sp. n. from all other species of the genus. They are recounted in the key below. O. kermanensis sp. n. is similar to O. zagrosensis Kovařík, 2004. These two species can be differentiated according to the metasoma morphology. Metasomal segments II – III are laterally smooth and punctate with lateral carinae absent or smooth in O. zagrosensis versus granulated and bumpy with lateral carinae present and granulated at least on metasoma II in O. kermanensis sp. n. (Figs. 45 and 48). Pedipalp movable finger has 4 – 6 OD outside of MD row in O. kermanensis sp. n. and 8 OD in O. zagrosensis.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB86D45FE930CEFFC5539F7.taxon	description	(Figures 88 – 127, 224, 228, 231, Table 2)	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB86D45FE930CEFFC5539F7.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE DEPOSITORY. Iran, Kerman Province, Sar Telo, Khajeh Askar Village, 29 ° 10 ' 01 " N 58 ° 16 ' 27 " E, 1155 m a. s. l.; FKCP. TYPE MATERIAL (FKCP). Iran, Kerman Province, Bam, Sar Telo, Khajeh Askar Village, 29 ° 10 ' 01 " N 58 ° 16 ' 27 " E, 1155 m a. s. l. (Locality No. KE- 27), V. 2009, 3 ♂ 2 ♀ (holotype and paratypes,), leg. Koohpaye, Jamalizadeh & Ebrahimi; Deh Bakri, 7. - 8. IV. 2000, 29 ° 05 ' 37 " N 57 ° 55 ' 53 " E, 6422 ft., 1 ♀ (paratype), leg. M. Kaftan; Shahdad, 30 ° 29 ' 06 " N 57 ° 48 ' 28 " E, 331 m a. s. l. (Locality No. KE- 116, Fig. 231), V. 2009, 1 ♂ (paratype), leg. Koohpaye, Jamalizadeh & Ebrahimi; Deh Bakri, Gebal Barez Mts, 29 ° 08 ' N 57 ° 91 ' E, 2300 m a. s. l., 2. VI. 2010, 1 ♀ (paratype), leg. W. Grosser; Jabel Barez Mt., Mijan, 25 km E Jiroft, 28 ° 42 ' 27 " N 57 ° 57 ' 33 " E, 1650 m a. s. l., 27. V. 2014, 1 ♂ (paratype), leg. P. Kučera.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB86D45FE930CEFFC5539F7.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. The species epithet is a patronym honoring Pavel Kučera, an entomologist and friend of the first author, the collector of one of the paratypes of the new species.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB86D45FE930CEFFC5539F7.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS (♂ ♀). Total length of adults 26 – 45 mm. Trichobothrium d 2 at pedipalp femur dorsal surface absent or reduced. Moderate to strong tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Pectinal teeth number 21 in males and 19 – 20 in females. Movable finger of pedipalps with 8 rows of denticles, 7 ID and 8 – 9 OD. Dorsal carinae on pedipalp patella present and smooth. Metasoma V dorsal surface mesially smooth or with only several granules present. Metasoma I – II with 10 carinae, metasoma III with 6 – 8 carinae, metasoma IV – V with 2 – 4 carinae. Ventral carinae of metasoma I – III consist of irregular rows of granules. Metasoma IV – V ventrally and laterally with punctation developed; spaces among punctae smooth; metasoma II – III ventrally and laterally granulated and bumpy with punctation reduced. Entire tergites roughly granulate, at least in the male. Sternite VII finely granulated, medially smooth, with granulate carinae developed. Pedipalp, metasoma and telson very sparsely hirsute, rather glabrous. Tarsomere I of legs with 4 – 7 moderate bristles. Ratio length / width of metasoma V 1.18 – 1.26 in both sexes. Pedipalp femur length / width ratio 4.1 – 4.3 in male, 3.3 – 3.5 in female.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB86D45FE930CEFFC5539F7.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION. Total length of adults 26 – 45 mm in both sexes. Measurements of the carapace, telson, segments of the metasoma and segments of the pedipalps are given in Table 2. For habitus, see Figs. 88 – 91. Coloration (Figs. 88 – 91). Carapace, tergites, metasoma and femur of pedipalps and legs are black. Patella of pedipalps and legs yellowish brown to brown. Sternite VII black, other sternites yellowish brown with yellow median area in posterior margin of sternites IV – VI present. Telson reddish brown. Mesosoma and carapace (Figs. 98 – 101, 106 – 107). Mesosoma with a median carina and is roughly granulated. Carapace with carinae indicated, roughly granulated except smooth interocular triangle. The seventh sternite is finely granulated laterally, medially smooth and with four granulated carinae, the other sternites are rather smooth in middle, granulated in anterior and lateral parts. Pectinal teeth number 21 in males and 19 – 20 in females. Metasoma and telson (Figs. 92 – 97, 108, 224). Metasoma I – II with 10 granulated carinae. Metasoma III – V lack lateral carinae, ventromedian and ventrolateral carinae are present on metasoma I – III, dorsolateral carinae are present on all metasomal segments but reduced to absent on metasoma IV – V. Ventral carinae of metasoma I – III consist of irregular rows of granules. Metasoma I – II are rather smooth laterally with several granules, metasoma III – V laterally smooth and punctate; granulation absent on dorsal surfaces of all metasomal segments except several fine granules on metasoma V dorsal mesially. Punctation on metasoma IV – V is developed ventrally and laterally; spaces among punctae are smooth. The entire metasoma and telson are glabrous; short, thin setae might issue from some punctae. Telson shallowly punctate and lacks granules. Pedipalps (Figs. 109 – 127). Trichobothrium d 2 on the dorsal surface of pedipalp femur is absent or reduced; trichobothrium e 1 is situated in level with d 4. Femur of pedipalp with five granulate carinae. Patella has seven smooth carinae, and the chela has smooth carinae which may be discernible throughout the length of the fixed finger. The entire pedipalp only very sparsely hirsute. Movable fingers with 8 rows of denticles, 7 ID and 6 – 8 OD. Legs (Figs. 102 – 105). Moderate to strong tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Femur with four partly granulated carinae; patella with five rather smooth carinae; tibia smooth. Patella with only a few bristles. Tibia with bristles on the outer side of legs I – II. Tarsomeres I of first to third legs with 4 – 7 moderate bristles; fourth legs usually lack bristles. Tarsomeres I – II of all legs with two rather irregular rows of bristles. Measurements. See Table 2. AFFINITIES. The described features distinguish O. kucerai sp. n. from all other species of the genus. They are recounted in the key for the Iranian species below. O. kucerai sp. n. is similar to O. zagrosensis Kovařík, 2004. In the key below, we used the difference in the shape of pedipalp femur. Another difference is in granulation of metasomal carinae: ventral carinae of metasoma I consist of irregular rows of granules in O. kucerai sp. n. (Fig. 97), and a row of large granules in O. zagrosensis.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFBE6D43FF770CF1FBA239F9.taxon	description	(Figures 128 – 153, 225, 228, 232, Table 3)	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFBE6D43FF770CF1FBA239F9.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE DEPOSITORY. Iran, Bushehr Province, Behbahan – Genaveh road, 29 ° 40.71 ' N 50 ° 24.04 ' E, 17 m a. s. l.; FKCP. TYPE MATERIAL (FKCP). Iran, Bushehr Province, Behbahan – Genaveh road, 29 ° 40.71 ' N 50 ° 24.04 ' 04 E, 17 m a. s. l. (Locality. No. B-G 803, Fig. 232), VII. 2007, 1 ♀ (holotype), leg. Navidpour & Masihipour.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFBE6D43FF770CF1FBA239F9.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. The species epithet is a patronym honoring Behzad Masihipour, who helped the second author in the field studies of scorpions of Iran for about 15 years.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFBE6D43FF770CF1FBA239F9.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS (♀). Total length 40 mm of female holotype. Trichobothrium d 2 at the dorsal surface of pedipalp femur reduced. Moderate tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Pectinal teeth number 22 – 23 in female. Movable finger of pedipalps with 8 rows of denticles, 8 – 9 ID and 8 – 9 OD. Dorsal carinae on pedipalp patella present and smooth. Pedipalp femur dorsal granulated. Metasoma V dorsal surface mesially smooth or with only several granules present. Metasoma I – II with 10 carinae, metasoma III with 8 carinae, metasoma IV – V with 2 dorsolateral carinae; ventrolateral carinae indicated on metasoma V. Ventral carinae of metasoma I – III consist of a row of large granules. Metasoma IV – V ventrally and laterally with fine punctation developed, spaces among punctae smooth ventral and granulated lateral; metasoma II – III ventrally and laterally granulated and bumpy with punctation reduced. Tergites roughly to finely granulated. Sternite VII densely granulated, with granulated carinae developed. Pedipalp, metasoma and telson densely hirsute. Tarsomere I of legs with 6 – 9 long bristles in female. Ratio length / width of metasoma V 1.14 in female holotype. Pedipalp femur length / width ratio 3 in female holotype.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFBE6D43FF770CF1FBA239F9.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION. Total length of adult female 40.5 mm. Measurements of the carapace, telson, segments of the metasoma and segments of the pedipalps are given in Table 3. For habitus, see Figs. 128 – 129. Coloration (Figs. 128 – 129). Carapace, tergites, and metasoma black. Femur of pedipalps and legs yellowish brown, other segments of pedipalps and legs yellow. Sternite VII black, other sternites yellowish brown with yellow median area in posterior margin of sternites IV – VI indicated. Telson reddish brown. Mesosoma and carapace (Figs. 135 – 138). Mesosoma with a median carina and is roughly to finely granulated. Carapace without carinae, roughly granulated except smooth interocular triangle. The seventh sternite densely granulated and with four granulated carinae, the other sternites are granulated but smooth in middle and posteriorly. Pectinal teeth number 22 – 23 in female holotype. Metasoma and telson (Figs. 130 – 134, 225). The metasoma I – II with 10 granulated carinae. The metasoma III – V lacks lateral carinae, ventromedian and ventrolateral carinae are present on metasoma I – III, dorsolateral carinae are present on all metasomal segments but reduced to absent on metasoma V. Ventral carinae of metasoma I – III consist of a row of large granules. Metasoma I – III and partly metasoma IV are granulated laterally, metasoma III – V laterally punctae; granulation absent on dorsal surfaces of all metasomal segments except several fine granules on metasoma V dorsal mesially. Fine punctation on metasoma IV – V ventrally developed, spaces among punctae are smooth. The entire metasoma and telson are densely hirsute. The telson shallowly punctate, without granules. Pedipalps (Figs. 143 – 153). Trichobothrium d 2 on the dorsal surface of pedipalp femur is present; trichobothrium e 1 is situated between trichobothria d 3 and d 4. Femur of pedipalps with five granulate carinae and is dorsally granulated. Patella has seven smooth carinae, and the chela has smooth carinae which may be discernible throughout the length of the fixed finger. The entire pedipalps are hirsute. Movable fingers with 8 rows of denticles, 8 – 9 ID and OD. Legs (Figs. 139 – 142). Moderate tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Femur with four partly granulated carinae; patella with five rather smooth carinae; tibia smooth. Patella with only a few bristles. Tibia with bristles on the outer side of legs I – II. Tarsomere I of first to third legs with 6 – 9 long bristles, fourth legs with 3 or 4 bristles. Tarsomeres I – II of all legs with two rather irregular rows of bristles. Measurements. See Table 3. AFFINITIES. The described features distinguish O. masihipouri sp. n. from all other species of the genus. They are recounted in the key below. O. masihipouri sp. n. is similar to O. stockwelli (Lourenço & Vachon, 1995) with which it was initially confused (see Navidpour et al., 2008 b). These two species are possible differentiate according to several characters. In the key below, we used difference in granulation of pedipalp femur and sternites but these two species differ also in the shape of metasoma, which is wider in O. masihipouri sp. n., and in the shape of pedipalp patella, which is narrower in O. stockwelli. Ratio length / width of pedipalp patella is 2.9 in O. masihipouri sp. n. vs. 3.2 – 3.9 in O. stockwelli. Punctation of metasoma IV – V is finer in O. masihipouri sp. n. (Fig. 225) than in O. stockwelli (fig. 54 in Kovařík et al., 2019: 10).	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB06D49FF730828FF1438BB.taxon	description	(Figures 154 – 178, 226, 228, 233, Table 3) http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 880 BD 3 F- 0025 - 4 DC 4 - A 669 - F 9 C 90 F 28 FA 42	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB06D49FF730828FF1438BB.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE DEPOSITORY. Iran, Semnan Province, Garmsar, Ghasre-Bahram, 36 º 22 ' N 54 º 23 ' E; FKCP. TYPE MATERIAL (FKCP). Iran, Semnan Province, Garmsar, Ghasre-Bahram, 36 º 22 ' N 54 º 23 ' E (Locality No. SE- 61, Fig. 233), VI. 2011, 2 ♂ (holotype and paratype), leg. Saeed Adibi.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB06D49FF730828FF1438BB.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. Named after the province of occurrence.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB06D49FF730828FF1438BB.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS (♂). Total length 27 – 30 mm of males. Trichobothrium d 2 at pedipalp femur dorsal surface absent. Moderate tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Pectinal teeth number 21 – 23 in males. Movable finger of pedipalps with 8 – 9 rows of denticles, 6 ID and 0 – 1 OD. Dorsal carinae on pedipalp patella present and smooth. Metasoma V dorsal surface mesially smooth with only several fine granules present. Metasoma I with 10 carinae, metasoma II – III with 6 – 8 carinae, metasoma IV – V with 2 – 4 carinae. Ventral carinae of metasoma II – III consist of a row of large granules. Metasoma IV – V ventrally and laterally with punctation developed, spaces among punctae smooth; metasoma II – III ventrally and laterally sparsely granulated and bumpy with punctation present. Entire tergites roughly granulated. Sternite VII densely granulated, with granulated wide carinae developed. Pedipalp, metasoma and telson very sparsely hirsute, rather glabrous. Tarsomere I of legs with 5 – 8 bristles long in males. Ratio length / width of metasoma V 1.14 in males. Pedipalp femur length / width ratio 3.9 – 4 in males.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB06D49FF730828FF1438BB.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION. Total length of adult males 27 – 30 mm. Measurements of the carapace, telson, segments of the metasoma and segments of the pedipalps are given in Table 3. For habitus, see Figs. 154 – 155. Coloration (Figs. 154 – 155). Carapace, tergites, metasoma and femur of pedipalps and legs are black. Patella of pedipalps and legs brown to black. Pedipalp chela reddish brown with yellowish brown tip of fingers. Tarsomeres of legs are yellow to yellowish brown. Sternite VII black, other sternites reddish brown to black with yellow median area in posterior margin of sternites IV – VI. Telson reddish brown to black. Mesosoma and carapace (Figs. 160 – 163). Mesosoma with a median carina and is roughly granulated. Carapace without carinae, roughly granulated except smooth interocular area. The seventh sternite granulated and with four wide granulated carinae, the other sternites are smooth in the middle, granulated in anterior and lateral parts. Pectinal teeth number 21 – 23 in males. Metasoma and telson (Figs. 156 – 159, 226). Metasoma I with 10 granulated carinae. Metasoma II – V lacks lateral carinae, ventromedian and ventrolateral carinae are present on metasoma I – III, ventrolateral carinae are also developed on metasoma V, dorsolateral carinae are present on metasoma I – III and reduced to absent on metasoma IV – V. Ventral carinae of metasoma II – III consist of a row of large granules. Metasoma I granulate laterally, other segments laterally smooth; granulation absent on dorsal surfaces of all metasomal segments except several fine granules on metasoma V dorsal mesially. Punctation on metasoma IV – V ventrally and laterally developed; spaces among punctae are smooth. The entire metasoma and telson are glabrous; short, thin setae might issue from some punctae. Telson shallowly punctate and lacks granules. Pedipalps (Figs. 168 – 178). Trichobothrium d 2 on the dorsal surface of pedipalp femur is absent; trichobothrium e 1 is situated between trichobothria d 3 and d 4. Femur of pedipalp with five granulated carinae. Patella has seven smooth carinae, and the chela has smooth carinae which may be discernible throughout the length of the fixed finger. The entire pedipalp only very sparsely hirsute. Movable fingers with 8 – 9 rows of denticles, 6 ID and 0 – 1 OD. Legs (Figs. 164 – 167). Moderate tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Femur with four partly granulated carinae; patella with five rather smooth carinae; tibia smooth. Patella with only a few bristles. Tibia with bristles on the outer side of legs I – II. Tarsomere I of first to third legs with bristlecombs composed of 5 – 8 long bristles; fourth legs lack bristlecombs. Tarsomeres I – II of all legs with two rather irregular rows of bristles. Measurements. See Table 3. AFFINITIES. The described features distinguish O. semnanensis sp. n. from all other species of the genus. They are recounted in the key below. O. semnanensis sp. n. differs from all species of the region by absence of OD on pedipalp movable finger (Fig. 177), the character typical for O. scrobiculosus (Grube, 1873) which is cited mainly from Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB46D72FE920B12FD473F96.taxon	description	(Figures 179 – 221, 227, 228, 234, Table 3)	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB46D72FE920B12FD473F96.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE DEPOSITORY. Iran, Yazd Province, Kosk Abad Village, 31 º 43 ' 52 " N 53 º 17 ' 12 " E, 2023 m a. s. l.; FKCP. TYPE MATERIAL (FKCP). Iran, Yazd Province, Kosk Abad Village, 31 º 43 ' 52 " N 53 º 17 ' 12 " E, 2023 m a. s. l. (Locality No. Ya- 11, Fig. 234), V. 2016, 1 ♂ (holotype), leg. Saeed Abadi; Bafgh – Tehran road, 31 º 36 ' 26 " N 54 º 14 ' 22 " E, 1843 m a. s. l. (Locality No. Ya- 01), V. 2016, 1 ♀ (paratype), leg. Saeed Abadi; Chenar – Mehriz road, 31 º 34 ' 26 " N 54 º 28 ' 30.9 " E, 2023 m a. s. l. (Locality No. Ya- 26), V. 2016, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (paratypes), leg. Saeed Abadi; Kord Abad Village, 31 º 44 ' 27 " N 53 º 55 ' 47 " E, 2135 m a. s. l. (Locality No. Ya- 27), V. 2016, 1 ♀ (paratype, Figs. 181 – 182, 186 – 188, 190, 192, 195 – 198, 212 – 221, Table 3), leg. Saeed Abadi; E of Taft, 31 ° 44 ' N 54 ° 13 ' E, 1542 m a. s. l., 7. IV. 2004, 1 ♂ juv. (paratype of O. zagrosensis), leg. V. Vignoli & P. Crucitti; Yazd Province, W of Baghdadabad, Taft, 31 ° 35 ' N 54 ° 24 ' E, 1502 m a. s. l., 9. IV. 2004, 1 ♀ (paratype of O. zagrosensis), leg. V. Vignoli & P. Crucitti.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB46D72FE920B12FD473F96.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. The species epithet is a patronym honoring the Italian arachnologist Valerio Vignoli, the collector of two specimens initially identified as O. zagrosensis.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB46D72FE920B12FD473F96.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS (♂ ♀). Total length of adults 29 – 44 mm. Trichobothrium d 2 at pedipalp femur dorsal surface absent or reduced. Moderate tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Pectinal teeth number 19 – 22 in males and 18 – 20 in females. Movable finger of pedipalps with 7 – 8 rows of denticles, 7 – 8 ID and 5 – 8 OD. Dorsal carinae on pedipalp patella present and smooth. Metasoma V dorsal surface mesially smooth or with only several granules present. Metasoma I – II with 10 carinae, metasoma III with 8 carinae, metasoma IV – V with 2 – 4 carinae. Ventral carinae of metasoma I – III consist of a row of large granules. Metasoma IV – V ventrally and laterally with punctation developed, spaces among punctae smooth; metasoma II – III ventrally and laterally granulated and bumpy with punctation reduced. Entire tergites roughly granulate at least in male. Sternite VII densely granulated, with granulate carinae developed. Pedipalp, metasoma and telson very sparsely hirsute, rather glabrous. Tarsomere I of legs with 4 – 6 bristles longer in female. Ratio length / width of metasoma V 1.30 – 1.32 in both sexes. Pedipalp femur length / width ratio 3.3 – 3.7 in both sexes.	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
03D687B6FFB46D72FE920B12FD473F96.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION. Total length of adults 29 – 44 mm in both sexes. Measurements of the carapace, telson, segments of the metasoma and segments of the pedipalps are given in Table 3. For habitus see Figs. 179 – 182. Coloration (Figs. 179 – 182). Carapace, tergites, metasoma and femur of pedipalp and legs usually black. Patella of pedipalps and legs brown to black. Pedipalp chela reddish brown, with yellowish brown fingertips. Tarsomeres of legs yellow to yellowish brown. Sternite VII is black, other sternites reddish brown to black with yellow median area in posterior margin of sternites IV – VI. Telson reddish brown to black. Mesosoma and carapace (Figs. 189 – 192, 199 – 200). Mesosoma with a median carina and is roughly granulated. Carapace is without carinae, roughly granulated except smooth interocular triangle. Sternites granulated except the median area in posterior margin. Pectinal teeth number 19 – 22 in males and 18 – 20 in females. Metasoma and telson (Figs. 183 – 188, 201, 227). Metasoma I – II with 10 granulated carinae. Metasoma III – V lacks lateral carinae, ventromedian and ventrolateral carinae are present on metasoma I – III, dorsolateral carinae are present on metasoma I – III and strongly reduced to absent on metasoma IV – V. Ventral carinae of metasoma I – III consist of a row of large granules. Metasoma I is granulate laterally, metasoma II – V laterally smooth; granulation absent on dorsal surfaces of all metasomal segments. Punctation on metasoma IV – V is ventrally and laterally developed, spaces among punctae are smooth. The entire metasoma and telson are glabrous, short, thin setae might issue from some punctae. Telson is shallowly punctate and lacks granules. Pedipalps (Figs. 202 – 221). Trichobothrium d 2 on the dorsal surface of pedipalp femur is absent or reduced; trichobothrium e 1 is situated in level with d 4. Femur of pedipalp with five granulate carinae. Patella has seven smooth carinae, and the chela has smooth carinae which may be discernible throughout the length of the fixed finger. The entire pedipalp only very sparsely hirsute. Movable fingers with 7 – 8 rows of denticles, 7 – 8 ID and 5 – 8 OD. Legs (Figs. 193 – 198). Moderate tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Femur with four partly granulated carinae; patella with five rather smooth carinae; tibia is smooth. Patella with only a few bristles. Tibia with bristles on the outer side of legs I – II. Tarsomere I of first to third legs with 4 – 6 bristles which are longer in female, fourth legs usually lack bristles. Tarsomeres I – II of all legs with two rather irregular rows of bristles. Measurements. See Table 3. AFFINITIES. The described features distinguish O. vignolii sp. n. from all other species of the genus. They are recounted in the key below. O. vignolii sp. n. was confused with O. zagrosensis Kovařík, 2004, two here cited specimens of O. vignolii sp. n. from Yazd Province are part of type series of O. zagrosensis. However, these two morphologically very similar species differ by granulation of sternite VII (see key below).	en	Kovařík, František, Navidpour, Shahrokh (2020): Six new species of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 from Iran (Scorpiones Buthidae). Euscorpius 312: 1-41, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648532
