taxonID	type	description	language	source
038420420664C43FFF23FB9207D8FC57.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Graziasternum graziae sp. nov. by present designation.	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420664C43FFF23FB9207D8FC57.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The genus Graziasternum is named after our friend and colleague Dr. Jocelia Grazia, to honour her 75 th birthday, and in recognition of her prosperous career. The name Graziasternum is a combination of Dr. Grazia’s name, with the suffix – osternum, making reference to the flat, plate-like metasternum which it shares with the genus Placosternum. Gender is neuter.	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420664C43FFF23FB9207D8FC57.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Graziasternum gen. nov. reassembles the genus Placosternum in the following characters: the prosternum has a slightly elevated, medial carina; the medial carina of the mesosternum is more distinctly carinate; the metasternum is broad, prominent, plate-like, hexagonal, with posterior angles projecting slightly towards abdomen; the abdominal base has a small, broad, anteriorly-directed, ventrally-flattened tubercle; and the abdomen has a medial, longitudinal, shallow, but clearly depressed, sulcus. There are, however, several characters that will serve to separate Graziasternum gen. nov. from Placosternum. For example, species of Graziasternum gen. nov. are characterized by having concolorous punctures which do not form patterns (dark punctures forming patterns in Placosternum); by the absence of dark markings on the hemelytral membranes (dark hemelytral patterns present in Placosternum); by the entire, non-serrate, acute humeral angles (multiple, serrate, and blunt in Placosternum); by the pilosity on the legs (not pilose in Placosternum); and by the absence of black punctured markings on the legs (present in Placosternum); these characters clearly separate the two genera.	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420664C43FFF23FB9207D8FC57.taxon	description	Description. Body somewhat flattened dorsoventrally, compact, heavily punctured. Colouration not forming mottled pattern, brown or yellowish brown with some reddish areas. Juga longer than tylus, rounded apically. Anteocular teeth absent. Compound eyes protruding beyond head profile. Each ocellus located near base of adjacent compound eye, nearly contiguous with compound eye. Antennae five-segmented, apex of segment one reaching nearly to apex of head. Apex of rostrum surpassing procoxae, not reaching mesocoxae. Anterior pronotal margins finely serrate; humeral angles, each slightly protruding beyond hemelytral base, acute, semi-spinose, entire (not toothed), slightly flattened towards apex. Scutellum distinctly longer than wide, basal angles, concolourous, foveate; scutellar apex narrow, clearly rounded. Hemelytra slightly covering mesial margins of connexiva; coria reddish, more or less contrasting with ground colouration; hemelytral membranes semi-hyaline, lacking black or coloured patterns; membranal veins marked. Peritremes elongate, slightly elevated, each rounded at apex, broadly L-shaped. Legs concolourous with ventral colouration, with hyaline, erect setae; tarsi 3 - segmented. Prosternum broadly carinate; mesosternum distinctly carinate, not anteriorly produced; metasternum broad, prominent, ventrally flattened, hexagonal, with posterior angles slightly projecting caudad towards abdomen. Connexivum uniformly coloured, finely punctate. Posterolateral angles of abdominal segments each slightly, but distinctly produced into minute, sharp denticle. Ventral surface of abdomen lightly coloured. Abdominal base directed anteriorly as broad, ventrally flattened tubercle apposed to notch in metasternal plate. Spiracles rounded, concolourous with abdomen. Abdomen with shallow, but clearly sulcate, medial longitudinal depression. Pygophore trapezoidal, slightly elongate. Genital cup well exposed dorsally. Posterolateral angles of pygophore rounded, blunt, produced caudally. Ventral margin U-shaped. Dorsal rim concave, broadly U-shaped. Parameres compact, robust, simple.	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420667C439FF23FC7A0070FB92.taxon	description	(Fig. 1)	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420667C439FF23FC7A0070FB92.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. Male [MRC]. INDONESIA [Malaysia]. Borneo, Sabah, Trus Madi mt., VII. 2011, local colector leg. Paratypes. 1 male [DAR], 1 female [MRC], Same data of holotype except: 20. V. 2009	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420667C439FF23FC7A0070FB92.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The species G. graziae is named after our friend and colleague Dr. Jocelia Grazia, to honour her 75 th Birthday and in recognition of her extensive contributions in pentatomoid systematics. Noun in genitive case.	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420667C439FF23FC7A0070FB92.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species has all the characters mentioned in the description of the genus. Differs from the other species in the genus by its general colouration brownish (darker than in the other species), head and antennal segments IV and IV concolour with ground colouration, with no black markings. Having the lateral margins of the pronotum ventrally each with a relatively wide, contrastingly dark red which resembles an inverted V-shape.	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420667C439FF23FC7A0070FB92.taxon	description	Description. Overall colouration brown with frontal portion of pronotum and coria reddish, slightly shiny and with coarse evenly scattered punctures. Head triangular, dorsal surface concolourous; punctation sparse, slightly reddish; lateral margins of head very weakly concave; juga extending beyond apex of tylus, convergent but not enclosing tylus. Antennae slightly lighter tan in general colouration; segments III to V each with annular reddish ring on apex. Lateral and ventral surfaces of head pale brown with very sparse brownish punctures. Bucculae narrow, widening posteriorly, ridge-like. Rostrum short, reaching between pro- and mesocoxae. Pronotum, distinctly bicoloured, brownish posteriorly, gradually becoming dark red anteriorly, evenly punctured; each anterior pronotal angle produced anteriorly as a very small, tooth; anterolateral margins straight, armed with very small granules, slightly deflexed, reflection reaching humeri; humeri small, robust, each produced laterally as an entire, non-toothed process; posterolateral margins sinuous; posterior margin broadly, shallowly concave. Scutellum concolourous with ground colouration, in some specimens anterior medial portion slightly reddish, more or less evenly punctured, punctures slightly more grouped laterally; anterolateral angles of scutellum strongly foveate. Hemelytra brownish-red; hemelytral membranes hyaline, with numerous (9 – 10) longitudinal, ramified veins. Sternite lateral margins with a relatively wide, contrastingly dark red which resembles an inverted V-shape mesially pale brownish yellow. sparsely punctate. Ostiolar openings small, rugae long, slender, elongate L-Shaped. Mesosternal carina just reaching procoxae. Metasternum broad, prominent, plate-like, hexagonal, slightly compressed laterally with posterior angles slightly projected caudad towards abdomen; anterior margin of metasternum meeting nearly seamlessly with posterior margin of mesosternum, posterior margin of metasternum bifid, in apposition with basal abdominal protuberance. Legs uniformly yellowish, pilose; superior surfaces of tibiae sulcate; claws black, contrasting with leg colouration. Connexival segments concolourous with general colouration, with no particularities; posterolateral angles slightly but distinctly produced into a minute, sharp denticles. Abdominal venter impunctate, brownish yellow; spiracles concolourous with ventral abdominal surface. Male genitalia (Fig. 1 c – e): Genital cup well exposed dorsally. Posterolateral angles of pygophore rounded, lobe-like, wide. Ventral rim clearly concave, U-shaped, flat at base. Dorsal rim concave, broadly U-shaped. Parameres somewhat hook-shaped, rounded, not acuminate, each with a small triangular process at apex. Phallotheca dorsoventrally with an inverted piriform shape, laterally somewhat thinner at base, slightly curved. Phallus with two pairs of conjunctival processes. Vesica small, acuminate at apex. Process of vesica laterally lobe-like, rounded, dorsoventrally not divergent at apex, with internal space parallel-sided. Female genitalia (Fig. 1 f – g): Female genital plates with gonocoxae VIII trapezoid, with mesial margins straight, posterior margins sinuous laterally, becoming shallowly concave mesially, each posterolateral angle rounded and divergent in relation to symmetric plate; fused gonocoxae IX trapezoid, nearly triangular; laterotergites IX boomerang shaped, elongate, reaching apices of laterotergites VIII, divergent at apices; sternite X inverted trapezoidal; laterotergites VIII flat, with no special particularities. Ductus receptaculi elongate. Vesicular area membranous; internal rod of vesicular area strongly sclerotized, parallel sided, rectilinear, acuminate at apex and slightly wider posteriorly. Pars distalis nearly two times longer than length of anterior annular flange to capsula seminalis distance. Anterior annular flange reduced, strongly sclerotized. Pars intermedialis robust, strongly sclerotized, elongate. Posterior annular flange reduced, fused to capsula seminalis. Capsula seminalis robust, large, adpressed, bearing two short, robust, posteriorly-directed projections which reach posterior annular flange. Measurements (in mm). Total body length: 10.13 / 13.41, abdominal width at hemelytral base: 6.38 / 7.13, maximum abdominal width: 6.71 / 7.81, length of head from apex to imaginary line between ocelli: 1.37 / 1.57, width of head (including eyes): 2.21 / 2.64, width of head before eyes: 1.35 / 1.66, distance between eyes: 1.2 / 1.46, pronotal length: 1.89 / 2.36, maximum pronotal width: 6.55 / 7.73, scutellar length: 4.51 / 5.61, scutellar width at base: 3.82 / 4.56.	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420667C439FF23FC7A0070FB92.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Malaysia (Sabah).	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420661C43BFF23FB2C0070FDF6.taxon	description	(Fig. 2)	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420661C43BFF23FB2C0070FDF6.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. Male [MRC]. INDONESIA [Malaysia]. Borneo, Daerah Tongot, Maliau Basin Conservation Area, 24. VII. 2012, V. Sinyaev leg.	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420661C43BFF23FB2C0070FDF6.taxon	etymology	Etymology: This species, G. joceliae, is named after our friend and colleague Dr. Jocelia Grazia, to honour her 75 th birthday, and in recognition of the numerous contributions she has made towards pentatomoid systematics. Noun in genitive case.	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420661C43BFF23FB2C0070FDF6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species has all the characters mentioned in the description of the genus. Differs from Graziasternum graziae in having contrastingly dark red hemelytra, the head with black markings, and antennal segments IV and V with clear blackish, contrasting rings at apices and the ventral surface of pronotum uniformly coloured.	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420661C43BFF23FB2C0070FDF6.taxon	description	Description. Overall colouration yellowish brown, with coria contrastingly red, and with blackish markings on head, slightly shiny, with coarse, evenly-scattered punctures. Head triangular, dorsal surface with blackish red markings on posterior portion; punctation sparse; lateral margins straight; juga extending beyond apex of tylus, convergent, enclosing tylus, slightly deflexed upwards laterally. Antennal segments I, II and III concolourous with general colouration, segments IV and V with distinct blackish, contrasting rings at apices. Lateral and ventral surfaces of head slightly paler than dorsum, with very sparse concolourous punctures. Bucculae widened at apical third, with one small, shallow tooth at apex of each, ventrally expanded basally. Rostrum short, just surpassing procoxae. Pronotum, concolourous except for a slight, black marking on apex of each humeral angle, evenly punctured; anterior pronotal angles inconspicuous; anterolateral margins slightly sinuous, armed with very small granules, slightly reflexed, reflection reaching humeral angles; humeri small, robust, each produced laterally as an entire (non-toothed) process; posterolateral margins sinuous; posterior margin broadly, shallowly concave. Scutellum concolourous with ground colouration, lateral and apical margins calloused, slightly paler, punctures somewhat grouped along lateral margins; anterolateral angles of scutellum depressed, forming shallow concolourous pits. Hemelytra mostly dark red, contrasting with general colouration, covered by a thin, translucent, yellowish-white layer; hemelytral membranes ochraceous, with numerous (9 – 10) longitudinal, semi-parallel ramified veins. Sternites concolourous with head ventrally, sparsely punctured. Ostiolar openings small, rugae long and slender, elongate L-shaped. Mesosternal carina clearly reaching procoxae. Metasternum broad, prominent, plate-like, hexagonal, clearly compressed laterally with posterior angles acuminate projecting towards abdomen, darker than general ventral colouration (reddish); anterior margin of metasternum meeting nearly seamlessly with posterior margin of mesosternum, posterior margin of metasternum bifid, in apposition with basal abdominal protuberance. Legs uniformly yellowish, pilose; superior surfaces of tibiae sulcate; claws black, contrasting with leg colouration. Connexival segments concolourous with general colouration, with no particularities; posterolateral angles each slightly but distinctly produced into a minute, sharp black tipped denticle. Abdominal venter impunctate, concolourous with ventral colouration with the exception of a rounded, wide, dark marking on abdominal base matching metasternum colouration; spiracles concolourous. Male genitalia (Fig. 2 c – e): Genital cup well exposed dorsally. Posterolateral angles of pygophore rounded, lobe-like, broad, slightly sinuous. Ventral rim clearly concave, U-shaped, flat at base, nearly rectilinear. Dorsal rim concave, broadly U-shaped. Parameres somewhat hook-shaped in lateral view, each with two clear, acuminate processes at apex. Phallotheca dorsoventrally in an inverted piriform shape, laterally somewhat thinner, curved at base. Phallus with 2 pairs of conjunctival processes. Vesica somewhat robust at base. Process of vesica laterally lobe-like, rounded, dorsoventrally distinctly convergent at tip, with internal area rounded. Female unknown. Measurements (in mm). Total body length: 10.28, abdominal width at hemelytral base: 5.84, maximum abdominal width: 6.21, length of head from apex to imaginary line between ocelli: 1.09, width of head (including eyes): 2.05, width of head before eyes: 1.27, distance between eyes: 1.11, pronotal length: 2.15, maximum pronotal width: 6.51, scutellar length: 4.36, scutellar width at base: 3.67.	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
038420420661C43BFF23FB2C0070FDF6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Malaysia (Sabah).	en	Roca-Cusachs, Marcos, Rider, Id. A., Jung, Sunghoon (2021): New genus and new species of Pentatomidae from Borneo (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa 4958 (1): 560-569, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.32
