taxonID	type	description	language	source
333FAD5D866EFFA87389BB2C32CB7895.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species: P. conisaria Hampson, 1902, type-locality: Narkundah, Kashmir.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D866EFFA87389BB2C32CB7895.taxon	description	Original generic description: “ Genus PROMETOPIDIA, nov. Proboscis fully developed; palpi porrect, slender, hardly reaching as far as the large conical frontal prominence; antennae of male laminate; legs slender; wings slender; forewing with the termen oblique; vein 3 from close to angle of cell; 5 from middle of discocellulars; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked from before upper angle; 11 approximated to 12, then 10. Hindwing with vein 3 from before angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars; 7 from before upper angle; 8 approximated to cell to middle. ” [NOTE: forewing vein 3 = CuA 1; 5 = M 2; 7, 8, 9, 10 = R 5, R 4, R 3, R 2; 11 = R 1; 12 = Sc; hindwing vein 3 = CuA 1; 5 = M 2; 7 = Rs; 8 = Sc + R 1]. Additional characters revealed by present studies. Head. Palps covered with narrow, elongate lamellar scales, providing a broader appearance to them; frontal prominence distally rounded or acutely pointed (Figs 4 a, b); antennae filiform, slightly flattened and serrated in lateral view, finely ciliate (pubescent) in males, cylindrical, less ciliate in females; chaetosemata small, near eye-margin. Thorax. Wings with basal and medial transverse lines absent, fovea in male absent; base of veins Sc and R 1 in hindwings swollen, frenulum present. Index of spurs 0 - 2 - 4, hindlegs not dilated. Pregenital abdomen. Tympanal organs large, ovoid, flattened on tympanum side, basal half of ansa with a lateral curvature and a knob at middle, membranous extension on one side only, opposite to curvature, with straight outer margin; lacinia absent, but a transverse band of sclerotization present; supporting sclerites of phragma between 1 st and 2 nd segment strap-like, tapering in width towards ventral side (Fig. 4 i); 1 st and 2 nd tergites and sternite 1 + 2 sclerotized in males, in females additionally posterior half of 7 th tergite sclerotized and the distal margin lined with a dense row of two types of modified scales (type 1 stiff, elongate, slightly broadening towards forked apex; type 2 setous); in females only, the distal margin of the 7 th sternite bears a sclerotized, spatulate process of varying shape, very densely covered with modified scales like those on 7 th tergite, but smaller (Fig. 4 g; Yazaki, 1995: 18, fig. 575). Male genitalia with uncus long, narrow, stick-like, strongly bent ventrad near the broadly triangular base, remaining part slightly curved, decorated with a few long setae in the middle, tip a curved spine. Gnathos with long, very narrow lateral arms and a broader, moderately sclerotised, band-like medial part, subanal plate present. Valves elongate, tip rounded, medial surface setous on distal two thirds, setation very dense with longest setae towards costa. The latter broadly sclerotized up to two thirds, broadest in the middle. Sacculus not developed. Valves at base of outer surface with moderately developed coremata, bearing a brush of strong setae exceeding the valves in length. Hemi-transtillae band-like, tapering to a point towards middle, there touching each other, medial parts gently curved dorsad. Juxta of a complicated shape: broadly plate-like at base, then roundly incurved and fringed with long setae (“ crista-hairs ”), more distally broadening to arm-like processes, narrowed again, distally with a deep incision and finished by a roof-like plate. Saccus small, hardly extending beyond valve bases. Aedeagus narrow and rather short, vesica with a large field of numerous, small teeth. Female genitalia (terminology following Skou & Sihvonen, 2015) with ostium bursae moderately funnelshaped, membranous, ductus bursae partly sclerotized (“ colliculum ”) or without sclerotized part. Posterior part of corpus bursae narrow, weakly sclerotized, fluted, broadening abruptly or gradually towards anterior part or extended into it, the latter membranous, with a stellate signum. At the transition between anterior and posterior part of corpus bursae a broad, ring-like area present which is more strongly and irregularly fluted and scobinate. Abdominal segment A 8 reduced to a heavily sclerotized ring, broader dorsally, ventrally consisting of narrow arms, tapering towards middle, covered partly with elongated scales, with a small, medio-ventral gap for the genital opening, the latter membranous, without any ornamentation. Apophyses anteriores relatively short and stout, with triangular bases and enlarged apices. Papillae anales strikingly modified, floricomous (Pierce, 1914), consisting of a collar of numerous, very long, incurved setae, arising from baso-lateral pad-like structures; in the centre between them an ovally cylindrical tube with a double line of specialized, strongly sclerotized setae, their bases straight and with distinct, sharply pointed hooks distally. Apophyses posteriores rather straight, narrower and longer compared to the apophyses anteriores.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D866EFFA87389BB2C32CB7895.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology, phenology, habitats. Immature stages and hostplants are unknown, though, regarding the collecting sites at Joshimath, Quercus may be the most probable hostplant: more than 80 % of the specimens collected come from localities where oak-trees are dominant (see Introduction and Fig. 1, b – d). Adults are on the wing in April and May (conisaria, joshimathensis) and in July (joshimathensis of Shimla, Punjab, perhaps a second generation). Habitats are mainly situated at elevations between 1600 m and 2500 m, rarely lower or higher.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D866EFFA87389BB2C32CB7895.taxon	discussion	Systematic position. Prometopidia belongs to the tribe Baptini. Holloway [1994: 58] provided a detailed diagnosis of the tribe Baptini and he analysed for this purpose the morphological characters of a large number of East Asian genera of potential Baptini, but also includes the typical genus Lomographa Hübner [1825]. He mainly refers to a number of characters of the male genitalia as potential synapomorphies for the tribe: a gnathos which is weak or absent; a broad, immaculate costal zone and a central zone of long setae on the valve; coremata which are present at the base of the valve; socii which are present in most genera; absence of two characters abundant in other Geometridae: a transverse group of setae (“ setal comb ”) on male third abdominal sternite and no fovea on male forewing. These characters are also shared by Prometopidia. Skou & Sihvonen (2015) summarized the published knowledge about the classification of European Ennominae genera into tribes. For the tribe Baptini they noticed that the geographical extent and the number of included species is unclear and no convincing synapomorphies for this tribe have been identified, except potentially the swelling of the base of the vein Sc in the male hindwing and, as also mentioned by Holloway, [1994: 58] the weakly developed or absent gnathos in the male genitalia, both characters shared by Prometopidia Hampson, 1902 (gnathos weakly developed in Prometopidia). Moreover, the very finely ciliate male antennae agree with those of Lomographa Hübner [1825], the genus which typifies the tribe Baptini. Lomographa also possesses a distinctive venational character which it has in common with Prometopidia: vein R 2 in the forewing arises from the common stalk of R 3 – R 5. All those characters shared clearly confirm the systematic position of Prometopidia as a member of the tribe Baptini. On the other hand, Prometopidia exhibits a number of characters not shared with other genera of Baptini, as far as we know: the conical frons in males and females; the spatulate process on posterior margin of female 7 th abdominal sternite, the strongly modified 8 th abdominal segment and the special floricomous condition of the ovipositor in females, with short, strong, hook-like setae (see fig. 3 f). The function of a typical floricomus (Pierce, 1914) is still not satisfactorily clarified. It is assumed, however, that “ females use the floricomous, scoop-shaped setae of the papillae anales to scratch particles from the surface of the bark to cover and camouflage eggs ” (Skou & Sihvonen, 2015, referring to Rajaei, 2010 and Rajaei et al. 2012). The dense collar of elongated setae surrounding the scoop-shaped setae may support this function by brushing aside or distributing the particles. The special “ Prometopidia - floricomus ” with very strong, short, hooked setae instead of long, flexible, scoop-shaped ones may have a similar function, but is adapted for more resistant material. Both types of floricomus are building together with the similarly modified 8 th abdominal segment (which is reduced to a heavily sclerotized, ring-like structure with short, strong apophyses anteriores) a functional unit. It is present in all species possessing a floricomus and most likely enables a free, powerful movement of the ovipositor. Remarks. With exception of the spatulate process on female 7 th abdominal sternite and the hooked setae of floricomus, all or some characters of Prometopidia mentioned above are found also in a group of genera which are characterised by possession of a typical floricomus, as known before since more than a century (Pierce, 1914) (but not well-known at all) and figured in detail by Skou & Sihvonen (2015: 364, Text-figures 118 – 121): with modified, flexible, scoop-shaped setae, arising from pads of different shape on the papillae anales. These genera are Theria Hübner, 1825 (mainly European), Aleucis Guenée, 1845 (Europe, Turkey, Levante, Caucasus, Turkmenistan), both placed in the Theriini recently (Skou & Sihvonen, 2015), Ramitia Viidalepp, 1988 (Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, N. Iraq, SE. Turkey), Epitherina Wehrli, 1938 (Iran), Heterobapta Wiltshire, 1943 (Iran, Tadzhikistan, Afghanistan), Earoxyptera Djakonov, 1936 (Mongolia). The last-mentioned four genera are generally similar to Aleucis in the structure of the male genitalia and may also belong to the Theriini. To decide this, more detailed studies are required, including also female genitalia and DNA sequence analyses which is beyond the scope of the present paper. A very similar, typical floricomus has also been found in the two unrelated genera Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 and Neognopharmia Wehrli, 1951, which are members of the tribe Macariini. The question how such highly apomorphic structures could have developed independently is still unresolved and additional detailed studies are needed.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D866AFFA67389BD5930047BED.taxon	description	Figs 2 a – g; 4 a, d, g, i; 5 a – d; 6 a – c	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D866AFFA67389BD5930047BED.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined. 10 ♂, 2 ♀, North-western India, Uttarakhand, Joshimath: 1 ♂, 2424 m, 12. IV. 2015, coll. NCBS (NRC-AA- 1690); 1 ♂, 2238 m, 19. IV. 2015, genitalia slide No. ZSM G 21262; 1 ♂, 2210 m, 09. IV. 2015, coll. NCBS (NRC-AA- 1701); 4 ♂, 2414 m, 12. IV. 2015, coll. NCBS (NRC-AA- 1696,1697,1698,1702); 1 ♂, 2053 m, 14. IV. 2015, coll. NCBS (NRC-AA- 1699); 1 ♂ 2422 m, 23. IV. 2015, coll. NCBS (NRC-AA- 1700); 1 ♂, 2424 m, 12. IV. 2015, Barcode No.: BC ZSM Lep 94422, coll. NCBS (NRC-AA- 1694). 1 ♀: 2414 m, 12. IV. 2015, Barcode No.: BC ZSM Lep 94421, coll. NCBS (NRC-AA- 1693); 1 ♀: 2210 m, 09. IV. 2015, Barcode No.: BC ZSM Lep 94423, genitalia slide No.: ZSM G 21263. Specimens examined from other regions are: 1 ♀, E. Afghanistan, Prov. Kunar, Nuristan, 1600 m, 14. iv. 71, leg. C. Naumann; 1 ♂, NW. Pakistan, 20 km W of Besham, Karaora, 1200 m, 27. v. 1992, leg. Hreblay & Csorba, genitalia slide No. 2186 - DS; BC ZFMK Lep 00598 (failed); 1 ♀, Simla, Punjab, 2500 m, Mai, genitalia slide No. KYS- 1021 (ZFMK); 4 ♂, Pakistan, Prov. NW-Frontier, Kagan valley, 1750 m, 6. iv., genitalia slide No. 2187 - DS; BC ZFMK Lep 00599; 10. iv., 14. – 15. iv. 1999, leg. B. Benedek & A. Szabó; 2 ♀, Pakistan, Himalaya Mts., Kaghan valley, 2900 m, 17. v. 1998, leg. Gyula M. László & G. Ronkay, genitalia slide No. 2188 - DS; BC ZFMK Lep 00600 (failed); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, dto., Kaghan valley, 2150 m, 16. iv. 1999. (CMS). Original description. “ Brownish-grey irrorated with brown; frontal prominence black; wings irrorated with some large black scales. Forewing with waved blackish antemedial line; a small discoidal tuft of black scales; an oblique postmedial line slightly dentate at the veins and incurved between the veins 3 and 1; a terminal series of black points; the cilia intersected with white. Hindwing with black discoidal point; a slightly dentate postmedial line and traces of a subterminal line; a terminal series of black points; cilia whitish at base.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D866AFFA67389BD5930047BED.taxon	description	Habitat. — Kashmir, Narkundah (McArthur), Exp. 30 mill. Type — in B. M. ” Additional characters revealed by present studies. Small moths, wingspan 22 – 25 mm. Expanse of 30 mm in original description is probably due to a mistake of measurement. Head. Scales on palps mixed white and dark grey or lighter grey and dark grey; frontal process stout, short, tip broadly rounded in females, longer and slightly narrower in males, covered with small, dark greyish-brown scales; vertex scales larger, white anteriorly, grey and white posteriorly. Thorax. Patagia and tegulae of the latter colours, tegulae partly with elongated scales. Legs chequered with dark grey and whitish scales. Forewings almost triangular, termen only slightly oblique, smooth and evenly curved. Ground colour light grey, densely dusted with dark grey scales. Antemedial and postmedial fasciae present, distinct, a submarginal fascia vaguely visible. Antemedial fascia angled four times, postmedial dentate on the veins and incurved at posterior half. Hindwings with an evenly curved, also dentate postmedial fascia, a submarginal fascia also present, but the antemedial line absent. Discal dots present on both wings, weaker on hindwing. Termen slightly undulating, at margin with short, black streaks always opposite to white fringe sections; fringes long, shorter white and longer dark grey sections alternating. Underside lighter, less densely dusted with dark grey scales. Forewings with postmedial fascia only, but less distinct compared to upper side, postmedial fascia of hindwings indistinct, interrupted. Discal dots present, similar to upper side. Base of hindwings swollen between the basal parts of veins Sc + R 1 and the upper vein of cell, more strongly so in males than in females. Pregenital abdomen. Externally with almost white ground colour, but heavily dusted with dark grey scales. Otherwise as described in the generic description. The spatulate process of the distal margin of female 7 th sternite semi-circular (Fig. 4 g). Male genitalia as described in the generic description, not clearly distinguishable from P. joshimathensis sp. nov, only slight, gradual differences present in the genitalia capsule which is also a little smaller than the capsule of the next species. The narrower central part and the smaller baso-lateral incisions of the juxta may also be diagnostic. Aedeagus also a little narrower and shorter, but the group of teeth on vesica more numerous, teeth smaller and reaching widely towards base of vesica, getting gradually smaller. Female genitalia. Largely as described in generic description, but ductus bursae without colliculum; the long, fluted posterior part of corpus bursae with a longitudinal sclerotized band and only moderately getting wider near anterior part of corpus bursae, there without a broad, more strongly and irregularly fluted area as present in the next species. Moreover, the membranous anterior part of bursa is small and globular or slightly oval. The signum is small, with large marginal teeth on distal half only, proximal half with tiny little teeth, the central opening rounded on proximal side, straight on distal side. Modified 8 th segment and papillae anales with floricomus as described above in additional characters of the genus.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D866AFFA67389BD5930047BED.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. See P. joshimathensis.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D866AFFA67389BD5930047BED.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Afghanistan, Pakistan, NW. India: Kashmir, Punjab (now Himachal Pradesh), Uttarakhand Genetic data. BIN: BOLD: ADF 3039 (n = 3 from India, Uttarakhand). Intraspecific variation 0.15 %. Genetic distance to one barcoded specimen from Pakistan 4.4 % (BC ZFMK Lep 00599), the latter, however, just sequenced to a 407 bp fragment, requiring confirmation by additional specimens and full DNA barcodes. At present, we do not consider this singleton as a member of a different taxon, but it is possible, as the female is unusually large and the distal sclerotized process of 7 th sternite is shaped differently. A subspecific state may also be possible. Genetic distance to P. joshimathensis 6.8 %.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D8664FFA57389BFC1372E79C1.taxon	description	Figs 3 a, b, c, d, f, 6 f Prometopidia arenosa Wiltshire, 1961, Beitr. Naturk. Forsch. SW-Dtl. 19 (3): 358, pl. 4, fig. 45; holotype ♀, Afghanistan, Nuristan, Bashgul-valley, 1500 m, 26. iv. 1953, leg. Klapperich (in coll. Klapperich); coll. SMNK, examined. For type-locality compare Fig. 1 (a). Original description. “ Wingspan 27 mm. Frons a brown naked blunt cone. Vertex whitish. Antenna (female) minutely setose. Thorax with sandy-white and grey-brown scales mixed. Abdomen with concolorous (sandy-brown) floricomus (female), bifurcate ventrally, not black-scaled as in P. conisaria. Fore-wing pale sandy brown sparsely speckled with sooty scales. Basal and ante-median fasciae lacking. Cell-spot a distinct blackish oval. Post-median fascia darker, faint, denticulate, with a pale outer edging, beginning nearer the apex than its termination lies from the tornus. Termen marked with a series of black, inter-neural spots. Fringes concolorous. Hind-wing similar, but with cell-spot less conspicuous, post-median fascia less denticulate, straight, rather faint. Under-side duller, with cell-spots equally distinct on both wings, and post-median fascia clearer on hind-wing. Remarks. This new species is at once distinguishable from P. conisaria with which it flies in Nuristan, by its broader wings, fewer fainter fasciae, and pale sandy almost pink colouring. ” Additional characters revealed by present studies. Head. Frons with conus not naked, but covered with tight, small, brown scales. Thorax. Venation of forewings agreeing with type-species, with slight differences only (e. g. common stem of veins R 2 – R 5 arising from upper vein of cell at a wider distance from upper angle of cell). Underside of wings with only forewing duller, only traces of postmedial fascia visible; hindwing lighter, greyish-white, speckled with contrasting, dark grey scales and prominent marginal spots and streaks; cell-spots weaker, elongate in forewing, round and more distinct in hindwing; on hindwings base of vein Sc swollen, but not very conspicuous, as in females of the other species. Pregenital abdomen. The “ bifurcate ventral part of floricomus ” is in fact the distal, sclerotized process on 7 th sternite (see fig. 3 d); it is the biggest process of this kind of all included species and subspecies. The process of P. joshimathensis yazakii is similar, but smaller and rather bilobed. Modified (strongly sclerotized, ring-shaped) 8 th segment similar to other species of Prometopidia. Female genitalia. Papillae anales a typical Prometopidia - floricomus, the hooked setae even stronger with broadened (oval in lateral view) bases (Figs 3 f, 6 f). Ductus bursae with colliculum; posterior part of corpus bursae fluted, a narrow, longitudinal band more strongly sclerotized, transitional part not widened, but extended into the lumen of the anterior part of corpus bursae, these and surrounding parts strongly scobinate. Anterior part of corpus bursae membranous, small, oval; the signum rather small, oval, with strong teeth covering only three fourths of the sclerotized ring. Although P. arenosa is only known by the unique female holotype, the so far unpublished morphological features mentioned here, especially the spatulate, abdominal process and the new type of floricomus in the female genitalia, described in the present paper, confirm the affiliation of arenosa to the genus Prometopidia.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D8666FFA37389BC8431D17A32.taxon	description	Figs 2 h – k; 4 h; 5 e; 6 d, e	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D8666FFA37389BC8431D17A32.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Types: Holotype ♂, NW. India, Uttarakhand, Joshimath, Sunil, 2424 m, 12. IV. 2015, leg. P. Dey; Barcode No.: BC ZSM Lep 103734; coll. NCBS (NRC-AA- 1690). Paratypes: 3 ♂, 3 ♀, Joshimath, north-western India, Uttarakhand. 1 ♂, Sunil, 2418 m, 01. V. 2014, genitalia slide No.: ZSM G 20802, coll. NCBS (NRS-AA- 1688); 1 ♂, Auli, 2893 m, 25. IV. 2014, Barcode No.: BC ZSM Lep 103735, coll. ZSM; 1 ♂, Auli, 2893 m, 25. IV. 2012, coll. NCBS (NRC-AA- 1689); 1 ♀, Sunil, 2609 m, 09. V. 2014, genitalia slide No.: ZSM G 20803, coll. NCBS (NRC-AA- 1691); 1 ♀, Joshimath, 2210 m, 09. IV. 2015, Barcode No.: BC ZSM Lep 94424, genitalia slide No.: WII-G- 1, coll. NCBS (NRC-AA- 1692); 1 ♀, Joshimath, 2210 m, 09. IV. 2015, genitalia slide No.: ZSM G 21265, coll. ZSM. Paratypes in coll. NCBS, except one male and one female, donated to ZSM. 3 ♀, NW. India, Punjab: 2 ♀, “ Simla, Punjab, 2500 m, Juli ”, genitalia slide No. KYS- 1056 ♀; 1 ♀, “ Berg Kufri, Himalaya Gbg. Simla, Punjab, 2500 m ”, ZFMK.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D8666FFA37389BC8431D17A32.taxon	description	Description. Moths of moderate size, wingspan 28 – 29 mm. Head. Palps slender, straight, not reaching tip of frons in length, broadened by elongate scales, becoming gradually smaller towards tip, mixed white and shades of grey, with white tips. Terminal segment very small, almost invisible. Proboscis well developed. Frontal process large, conical, tip acutely pointed, covered with small, dark greyishbrown scales on ventral side and lighter grey scales laterally; vertex scales larger, white, extending triangularly on dorsal part of frontal conus. Antennae filiform, finely pubescent in males. Chaetosemata small, near eye-margin. Thorax. Patagia and tegulae of large, light greyish scales with white tips, tegulae with elongate lamellar scales and hair-scales mixed. Legs long, slender, chequered with dark grey and whitish scales. Forewings almost triangular, termen evenly rounded, only slightly oblique. Apex moderately falcate. Ground colour light greyish-white, densely dusted with darker grey scales at submarginal area, a few black scales scattered over the wing surface. Antemedial and postmedial fasciae present, distinct, a submarginal fascia indistinct. Antemedial fascia consisting of three black dots, connected by a thin, waved line, postmedial evenly curved outwards at anterior half, then more strongly incurved towards hind margin, built of dots on the veins, stronger towards costa, connected by a vague broad line. Hindwings with a similar, but evenly curved or rather straight postmedial fascia, submarginal and antemedial lines absent. Margin smooth, marginal line of both wings with short, black streaks between the veins, discal dots present on both wings, weaker on hindwing. Fringes long, of the same colour as wing surface. Base of hindwings swollen (only three females from Shimla could be studied). Underside lighter, forewings with postmedial fascia only, but less distinct, dots almost absent. Wing surface homogeneously dusted with light grey scales. Postmedial fascia of hindwings similar, but wing surface almost white, irrorated with single dark grey or black scales. Discal dots present, similar to upperside. Pregenital abdomen. Externally ground colour like wing surface, but heavily dusted with dark grey scales. Integument and tympanal organs as described in the generic description, the spatulate process posteriorly on 7 th sternite of female transversely elongate, almost rectangular (Fig. 4 h). Male genitalia largely as described in the generic description, slightly larger than that of the type-species, but not clearly distinguishable, only slight, gradual differences present. The broader central part of juxta and the smaller, semicircular incisions more basally may be diagnostic, but this has to be studied on a larger number of specimens. Aedeagus a little longer and the shaft broader, but the group of teeth on vesica less numerous, teeth larger and base of vesica free of many small to minute teeth, as present in P. conisaria. Female genitalia. Largely as described in generic description, colliculum of ductus bursae present. The long, fluted posterior part of corpus bursae gradually getting wider towards bursa and there with a broad, more strongly and irregularly fluted and scobinate area. The membranous anterior part of corpus bursae copulatrix is moderately large and oval, the signum rather large with a small opening and a broad sclerotized band with big, triangular marginal teeth. Modified 8 th segment and floricomous papillae anales as described above.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D8666FFA37389BC8431D17A32.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The present new species is distinguished from the type-species of Prometopidia, P. conisaria, by larger size and lighter grey ground colour. The apex of forewing is more strongly falcate, transverse fasciae are punctate rather than dentate. P. joshimathensis has a larger, conical frontal process with pointed tip (broader, shorter and rounded at tip in P. conisaria). The spatulate process on posterior margin of 7 th sternite is broad but narrow and almost rectangular in P. joshimathensis, but longer and rather oval, spatulate in P. conisaria. In the male genitalia which are generally similar, the capsule is larger and the juxta broader at centre, with smaller incisions basally (has to be confirmed). The group of teeth on vesica is less numerous (but the teeth are larger) in P. joshimathensis (smaller, more numerous teeth with many tiny teeth at basal part of vesica in P. conisaria). The female genitalia are distinguished by the length and shape of the corpus bursae and the presence or absence of a colliculum within the ductus bursae: long and narrow posterior part, colliculum absent in P. conisaria, broader and gradually widening posterior part, colliculum present in P. joshimathensis. Moreover, the signa are also different: round, with a complete set of marginal teeth in P. joshimathensis, smaller, more or less irregular, with large teeth only on distal margin in P. conisaria. In addition, the signum is situated close to the transitional zone between anterior and posterior part of corpus bursae in P. conisaria, more or less in the middle of the anterior part in P. joshimathensis.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D8666FFA37389BC8431D17A32.taxon	distribution	Distribution. NW. India: Punjab (now Himachal Pradesh), Uttarakhand.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D8666FFA37389BC8431D17A32.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after the type locality Joshimath, Uttarakhand, western Himalaya (compare Fig. 1 (a )). Genetic data. BIN: BOLD: ADF 3537 (n = 3 from India, Uttarakhand). Intraspecific variation 0.0 %. Genetic distance to subsp. yazakii 3.3 % (n = 3). Genetic distance to P. conisaria 6.8 %.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D8661FFA17389BEB6360779C1.taxon	description	Figs 2 l – o; 3 e; 4 b, c, e, f, k; 5 f; 6 e	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D8661FFA17389BEB6360779C1.taxon	description	Paratypes: 1 ♂, Nepal, Dhumre, Bimal Nagar, 500 m, 29. – 30. iii. 1995, 84 ° 26 ’ E 27 ° 55 ’ N, leg. László Bódi & György Makranczy; genitalia slide No. 2368 - DS, Barcode No.: BC ZFMK Lep 00597; 1 ♂, Nepal, Ganesh Himal, 1 km SW of Gadrang, 2900 m, 10. iii. 1996, leg. László Bódi & György Makranczy; genitalia slide No. 2399 - DS, Barcode No.: BC ZFMK Lep 00596; 1 ♀, Nepal, Dhaulagiri Himal, 2,5 km SE of Lebang, 2450 m, 24. iii. 1996, leg. László Bódi & György Makranczy; genitalia slide No. 2400 - DS, Barcode No.: BC ZFMK Lep 00594; Coll. ZFMK. 1 ♂, Nepal, Prov. Nr. 2 East, Jiri, 5. IV. 1964, leg. W. Dierl; genitalia slide No. ZSM G 424; 1 ♀, same data, genitalia slide No. ZSM G 20364 (Pritha Dey fec.), coll. ZSM; 1 ♀, Nepal, Kathmandu valley, 5 km SW of Kathmandu, Dhankinkali, 25. I. 1996, leg. Chenga Sherpa; coll. CMS. Nepal, Kathmandu valley, Godavari, 1600 m: 1 ♂, 10. i. 1992; 1 ♂, 27. ii. 1992; 2 ♂, 2. iii. 1992; 1 ♀, 16. iii. 1992; Godavari, Mt. Phulchouki, 2075 – 2275 m: 1 ♂, 2. iii. 1992; 1 ♂, 17. iii. 1992; 1 ♂, 19. iii. 1992. Coll. K. Yazaki, Tokyo. Description and diagnosis. Wingspan in males 29 – 31 mm, female 28 mm. Type-material from Joshimath of the same size as specimens of yazakii ssp. n. from E. Nepal. Pattern and coloration almost the same in both subspecies. There are lighter grey specimens which only have the area outside of the postmedial line darker grey, and completely darker grey specimens. Ante- and postmedial lines are punctate, with the dots on the veins. Females with very indistinct fasciae rarely occur. About half of the specimens of the subspecies yazakii, however, have continuous transverse fasciae (see fig. 2 m): two of four in coll. ZFMK, four of eight in coll. Yazaki; the relation may change in larger samples. In both collections the single females have punctate fasciae. Among the nominotypical subspecies from Joshimath (n = 7) and paratypes from Punjab (n = 3) specimens with continuous fasciae do not occur. The hindwing bases in males of ssp. yazakii are swollen and distinctly modified like a rectangular pouch, with a small, round, membranous section, similar to a tympanum, near the base of the frenulum. The basal part of vein Rs (upper vein of the hindwing cell) is also strongly angled, running adjacent to the distal border of the pouch. The function of this unusual structure is unknown and it should be paid more attention to it in future. Further differences are seen in the shape of the distal process of the 7 th sternite in females: a rather narrow, transverse, almost rectangular process in P. joshimathensis joshimathensis (Fig. 4 h), a broader, distally double-curved process in ssp. yazakii (Fig. 3 e). The male genitalia of both subspecies are without distinctive differences, but the female genitalia are slightly larger in subsp. yazakii, with the anterior part of corpus bursae larger in relation to the posterior part and a larger signum with wider opening, broader sclerotized ring with more numerous and longer spines. Morphologically, all these differences are considered to be of subspecific value, though the genetic distance is rather high.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D8661FFA17389BEB6360779C1.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Central and eastern Nepal (Fig. 1 (a ))	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
333FAD5D8661FFA17389BEB6360779C1.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Dedicated to Katsumi Yazaki, Tokyo, one of the best-known experts of East Asian Geometridae, who as the first revising author studied specimens of Prometopidia intensively, designating and figuring also the lectotype of the type-species in the collection of the NHMUK. Moreover, he first recorded specimens of Prometopidia from Nepal. Genetic data. BIN not yet assigned, data based on three sequences with fragment lengths of 407 bp, all from eastern Nepal. Maximum intraspecific variation 1.0 %. Genetic distance to nominotypical subspecies 3.3 %, requiring confirmation by additional specimens. Genetic distance to P. conisaria 6.7 %.	en	Dey, Pritha, Uniyal, Virendra Prasad, Hausmann, Axel, Stüning, Dieter (2021): Revision of the genus Prometopidia Hampson, 1902, with description of the new species P. joshimathensis sp. nov. from West-Himalaya and its subspecies P. j yazakii ssp. nov. from Nepal (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae). Zootaxa 4980 (1): 28-44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4980.1.2
