identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
70208787E42B4F37FEC8FD9CFAA406D4.text	70208787E42B4F37FEC8FD9CFAA406D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Volucella pellucens (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Key to the species of the Volucella pellucens species group</p> <p>1. Legs with apexes of femora, bases of tibiae, and basotarsomeres yellowish brown (Figs. 5F, H); head with upper post­ocular orbit clearly seen in lateral view (Figs. 2C, F)................................................................................................. inflata (Fabricius)</p> <p>­ Legs almost entirely dark brown to black (e.g. Figs. 5B, D); head with upper post­ocular orbit barely seen in lateral view (e.g. Figs. 1C, F)................................................... 2</p> <p>2. Abdominal tergite 2 predominantly black with a pair of pale transverse areas, at most 2/3 of tergite length (Figs. 5I, K).................................................... nigricans Coquillett</p> <p>­ Abdominal tergite 2 almost entirely pale except for narrow median longitudinal stripe in yellow brown to dark brown (e.g. Figs. 5A, C)........................................................ 3</p> <p>3. Abdominal tergite 2 longer than tergite 3 when measured medially; male basoflagellomere in lateral view slightly constricted in middle (Fig. 1C); male eye contiguity about half as long as frontal triangle (Fig. 1B); female eyes densely pilose (Fig. 1F).................................................................................................. thompsoni n.sp.</p> <p>­ Abdominal tergite 2 slightly but clearly shorter than tergite 3 when measured medially; male basoflagellomere in lateral view transversely elliptic (Fig. 4D); male eye contiguity about as long as frontal triangle (Figs. 4B, C); female eyes bare (Fig. 4G) 4</p> <p>4. Female scutum posteriorly without distinct brown triangular macula, or occasionally with faint brownish tinge (Figs. 5O, 6A, B).................. pellucens pellucens (Linnaeus)</p> <p>­ Female scutum posteriorly with distinct brown triangular macula (Figs. 5S, 6C, D)....................................................................................... pellucens tabanoides Motschulsky</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70208787E42B4F37FEC8FD9CFAA406D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Choi, Deuk-Soo;Ôhara, Kenji;Han, Ho-Yeon	Choi, Deuk-Soo, Ôhara, Kenji, Han, Ho-Yeon (2006): Taxonomic notes on the Volucella pellucens species group (Diptera: Syrphidae) with a description of one new species from the Eastern Palaearctic. Zootaxa 1185: 1-19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1185.1.1
70208787E42B4F33FEC8FA41FE3E065B.text	70208787E42B4F33FEC8FA41FE3E065B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Volucella thompsoni Choi & Ôhara & Han 2006	<div><p>Volucella thompsoni n.sp. (Figs. 1A–I, 5A–D)</p> <p>Volucella matsumurai Han et Choi, 2001: 125, 206 (as new name of V. pellucens var. japonica Matsumura, 1916), misidentification (see Remarks of V. pellucens tabanoides).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>This species can be readily distinguished from other members of the Volucella pellucens group by its longer abdominal tergite 2 (longer than tergite 3, or at most 2.4x wider than long; Figs. 5A, C). Males can be further differentiated by their basoflagellomeres in lateral view slightly constricted in middle (Fig. 1C) and the surstyli greatly shortened in lateral view (Figs. 1G, H).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Measurements and Ratios. Body length 11–16mm; wing length 11–13.8mm; antennal length 0.92–1.26mm; wing­mesonotum ratio 2.46–2.89; eye ratio 0.51–0.59; eye contiguity­vertex ratio 0.44–0.59; eye contiguity­frons ratio 0.4–0.57; basoflagellomere ratio 2–2.57; vein R 4+5 ratio 0.26–0.3; vein M ratio 0.48–0.56; fore tibia­basotarsomere ratio 2.25–2.6; 2nd tergite ratio 2–2.39; 2nd tergite­scutellum ratio 1.64–1.95.</p> <p>Male. Head (Figs. 1A–C) yellow brown ground color with dark brown to black vertical triangle, post­ocular orbit, posteroventral portion of face, and gena; face yellow brown pilose with varying size of black macula posteroventrally; ventral portion of face distinctly protrude with more or less pointed apex; gena shiny black with short yellow setulae; lunule shiny yellow brown; frons yellow brown with black and yellow setulae mixed; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; antenna almost entirely yellow brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere 2.1–2.6x longer than wide, slightly constricted in middle. Thorax (Figs. 5A, B) with black setae and dense black to yellow brown setulae; 4–6 notopleurals, 4–5 supra­alars, 4–5 postalars; 4–6 prescutellars; 4–7 marginal scutellars; 3–5 anepisternals; scutum smooth, shiny black with brown to dark brown lateral margins; postpronotum pale yellow with yellow brown setulae; notopleuron smooth, shiny dark brown with yellow brown and black setulae mixed; scutellum smooth, shiny brown densely with short black setulae; pleural and sternal sclerites short pubescent; anterior anepisternum black with long yellow brown setulae; posterior anepisternum black with yellow brown and black setulae mixed; katepisternum black, mostly with long black setulae; anterior anepimeron shiny black with long black setulae; posterior anepimeron brownish black without any setulae; katepimeron brown to dark brown with yellow setulae; meron dark brown with few setulae posteriorly; metasternum black with long black setulae ventrally; katatergite dark brown with black setulae; anatergite dark brown without setulae. Wing (Fig. 5A) hyaline with broad discal and anterior apical dark brown maculae; narrow areas along veins M 1, dm­cu, CuA 1, and CuA 2 dark brown; wing surface microtrichose except for bare areas in anterior half of cell BM and anal lobe, and anterior 2/3 of cell CuP; 3–7 setulae along vein RS; calypter pale yellow, short pubescent with long plumose marginal hairs, lengths of hairs vary but longest one about 1/3 as long as halter; halter pale to yellow brown. Legs almost entirely black except basal 1/3–1/2 of fore and midtibiae dark brown; densely covered with black setulae. Abdomen (Figs. 5A, B) 1.3–1.7x longer than wide; tergite 1 shiny dark brown with yellow brown setulae; tergite 2 ivory white medially with narrow yellow brown longitudinal stripe, densely with pale setulae; tergites 3 and 4 shiny black with black setulae; sternite 1 black with yellow brown setulae; sternite 2 ivory white with pale setulae; sternite 3 anteriorly ivory white and posteriorly black; sternite 4 black with black setulae. Genitalia (Figs. 1G–I) dark brown in ground color; epandrium roughly square in lateral view; cercus yellow brown with yellow brown setulae, short, truncated in lateral view, surstylus greatly reduced with sharp posteromedial projection in lateral view, posterodorsally with inward directed 3–4 black teeth; hypandrium ventrally with whitish membrane; superior lobe basally with small triangular membranous area, single hook­like, curved downward; aedeagus pale yellow, largely membranous, and apically swollen.</p> <p>Female. Similar to male except for: frons almost entirely yellow brown; eyes (Figs. 1D–F) dichoptic; basoflagellomere transversely elliptic (1.9–2.3x longer than wide) without medial constriction; scutum with more extensive brownish portion than in male (Figs. 5A vs. C).</p> <p>Type materials</p> <p>Holotype Male, KOREA: Gangwon­do: Wonju­si: Panbu­myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, 28.VI.2000, D.­S. Choi &amp; S.­K. Kim. Paratypes: KOREA: Chungcheongbuk­do: Jecheonsi: Songgye­ri, Jeolgol, 29. VI.1997, H.­Y. Han et al., 1♂, 2♀, Chungcheongnam­do: Boryeong­si: Cheongna­myeon, Mt. Oseosan, 20.VII.1999, H.­Y. Han et al., 1♀, Gangwon­do: Wonju­si: Heungeop­myeon, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 3.VIII.1999, D.­S. Choi, 1♀; ditto, 16.VII.2003, H.­W. Byun, 1♀; ditto, 22. VI.2004, H.­W. Byun, 1♀; ditto, 5.VII.2004, D.­S. Choi et al., 3♀; Panbu­myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, 21.VII.1998, D.­S. Choi &amp; S.­K. Kim, 1♂, Yeongwol­gun: Yeongwol­eup, Mt. Taehwasan, 9. VI.2001, D.­S. Choi &amp; S.­K. Kim, 1♂, Gyeonggi­do: Seongnam­si: Namhansanseong, 17.VIII.1993, S.­J. Park, 1♀, Yangpyeong­gun: Yongmun­myeon, Mt. Yongmunsan, 30.VII.1998, H.­W. Byun et al., 1♀, Gyeongsangbuk­do: Yeongju­si: Sunheung­myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, 11. VI.2004, H.­W. Byun et al., 1♂, Gyeongsangnam­do: Goseong­gun: Yeonghyeon­myeon, Bongrimri, 21. VI.1987, 1♀, Hamyang­gun: Macheon­myeon, Mt. Jirisan, Chilson Valley (706m), Malaise trap (70% EtOH), 27. VI –23.VII.2001, D.­S. Ku, 1♀; Yeohang­myeon, 31. V.1987, 1♀, Sancheong­gun: Samjang­myeon, Naewonsa, 13.VII.1990, D.­S. Ku, 2♀, Ulju­gun: Samnam­myeon, Mt. Yeongchuksan, 29. VI.2003, H.­Y. Han et al., 1♀, Ulsan: Sangbukmyeon, Mt. Gajisan, 23. VI.1987, 1♀; ditto, 24. VI.1987, J.­K. Kim, 1♀; ditto, 27. VI.1989, K.­S. Kim, 1♀; ditto, 1.VII.1990, J.­E. Park, 1♀; ditto, S.­S. Kim, 1♀, Jeollabuk­do: Mujugun: Sangbuk­myeon, Mt. Deogyusan, 24.VII.1999, K.­H. Kang, 1♀. JAPAN: Hokkaido: Kushiro, Lake Mashu (N. crater rim, Akan Nat. Park), 23–24.VII.1980, FC Thompson, 1♂ (USNM); Zenibako, Otaru, 20.VII.1965, T. Kocha, 1♂ (HUS), Zenibako, Otaru, 20.VII.1965, T. Kocha, 1♂ (HUS); Mitsumata, Kamishihoro, Tokachi, 21.VIII.1993, K. Kuromoto, 1♂, 1♀ (TPMT); Obihiro, 14.VIII.1995, H. Inoue, 1♀ (OUHJ); Koibuku Riv., Hidaka, 16.VII.1962, 1♀ (OUHJ); Hokkaido Univ. Exp. Forest, Tomakomai, 19.VIII.1977, K. Ôhara, 3♀ (TPMT); ditto, M. Suwa, 1♀ (TPMT); Ohnuma, Oshima, 30.VIII.1977, M. Yamamoto, 1♀ (TPMT), Honshu: Mt. Hayachine, Iwate Pref., 26.VII.1975, K. Tsuruta, 1♂ (TPMT); Renge Spa, Niigata Pref., 29.VII.1977, K. Baba, 1♀ (TPMT); Japon: Chunzenji (Nikko, Tochigi Pref.,), 22. –7–15, Edme Gallois (HUS), Uenohara, Minakami, Gunma Pref., 10.VIII.1987, N. Tamaki, 1♀ (TPMT); Kiso­Ontake, Nagano Pref., 30.VII.1994, H. Ohishi, 2♀ (TPMT); Mt. Tateshinayama, Nagano Pref., 1.VII.1971, R. &amp; F. Ishikawa, 1♂ (NSMT); Mt. Nyukasayama, Nagano Pref., 13.VII.1980, N. Koda, 1♂ (TPMT); Mt. Mitsu­toge, Yamanashi Pref., 31.VII.1981, Y. Kurosawa, 1♀ (NSMT); Gozaishi, Nirasaki, Yamanashi Pref., 3.VIII.1992, H. Ohishi, 2♀ (TPMT); Daibosatu, Enzan, Yamanashi Pref., 19.VIII.1991, H. Ohishi, 1♀ (TPMT); Hirkura, Mie Pref., 9. VI.1991, H. Ohishi, 2♂ (TPMT); Sugi­toge, Kyoto City, Kyoto Pref., 25.VII.1992, H. Ohishi, 1♀ (TPMT); Seryo, Kyoto Pref., 12.VIII.1937, T. Kimura, 1♀ (TPMT); Kitayama Riv., Okutama­dani, Nara Pref., 26. VI.1994, Keitaro Harusawa, 1♀ (TPMT), Shikoku: Mt. Takashiro­yama, Kisawa, Tokushima Pref., 17–18.VII.1994, Kiyoshi Masaki, 1♂, 1♀ (TPMT). Except for the Japanese paratypes (depositories shown in parenthesis), all the other type specimens including the holotype are deposited in YSUW.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Korea, Japan.</p> <p>Biology</p> <p>Unknown.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>This species is named after Dr. F. Christian Thompson who contributed a great deal for the systematics of Syrphidae. He initially suggested the study of Volucella to the first author.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>We have occasionally found this species mixed with V. pellucens tabanoides specimens under same identification labels in the Korean institutions. These two species superficially resemble each other, but the new species is easily separable by the longer abdominal tergite 2 in both sexes, and much darker vertex in female. Further examination of the male genitalia strongly suggests that this species might not even be closely related to V. pellucens. The male genitalic structures (especially the highly reduced surstyli; Figs. 1G, H) are so unique that we were not able to associate the new species with any other Volucella species. We are currently investigating this matter using both morphological and molecular data (Choi et al., in prep.). Our preliminary analysis based on mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COII gene sequences suggests that V. thompsoni n.sp. might be more closely related to V. nigropicta (the zonaria species group) than the other species of the pellucens species group.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70208787E42B4F33FEC8FA41FE3E065B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Choi, Deuk-Soo;Ôhara, Kenji;Han, Ho-Yeon	Choi, Deuk-Soo, Ôhara, Kenji, Han, Ho-Yeon (2006): Taxonomic notes on the Volucella pellucens species group (Diptera: Syrphidae) with a description of one new species from the Eastern Palaearctic. Zootaxa 1185: 1-19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1185.1.1
70208787E42F4F3DFEC8FAD3FE580163.text	70208787E42F4F3DFEC8FAD3FE580163.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Volucella inflata (Fabricius 1794)	<div><p>Volucella inflata (Fabricius) (Figs. 2A–I, 5E–H)</p> <p>Syrphus inflatus Fabricius, 1794: 280 (Type­locality: “ Italia ”, Type?, UZMC).</p> <p>Syrphus diaphanous Gravenhorst, 1807: 370 (Type­locality: [Germany?], Type?, lost?).</p> <p>Volucella hochhuthii Gimerthal, 1847: 10 (Type­locality: “aus der Umgegend von Kiew ” [=environs of Kiev] (Ukraine), Type Female, RIGA).</p> <p>Volucella inflata: Sack, 1931: 245 (redescription); Walker, 1951: 261 (redescription); Zimina, 1961: 146 (in Palaearctic key); Bankowska, 1963: 58 (in Polish key); Stubbs et Falk, 1983: 216 (British hoverflies); Stackelberg, 1988: 103 (in European part of USSR key); Verlinden, 1991: 178 (in Belgian key).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>This species can be readily distinguished from other members of the Volucella pellucens group by the yellowish brown apexes of femora, bases of tibiae, and basotarsomeres (Figs. 5E–H). The pale areas of abdominal tergite 2 look much more yellowish than those of other species (Figs. 5E, G). Males can be further differentiated by the scutum with brown lateral margins (Figs. 5E, F) and the eyes slightly separated (Figs. 2A, B).</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>FRANCE: Broût­Vernet, H. du Buysson, m1 (USNM); Hte­Savoie Bossy / Frangy, 23. V.1992, J. Steffen, 1♂ (YSUW); Balzers Ellital 550–700m, 13. VI.1997, S. Bieri, 1♀ (YSUW). SWITZERLAND: Canton de VAUD: Cudrefin 435m, 23. VI.1976, Paul H. Arnaud, Jr., 1♀ (USNM); Gençve Corsier­Port, 20. V.2003, Cl. Besuchet, 1♂ (YSUW); GE 415m Bernex Chante­Merle, 23. V.1999, B. Merz, 1♂, 1♀ (YSUW); Geneva 350m river of "La Laire", 25.VII.2004, H.­Y. Han &amp; K.­E. Ro, 3♀ (YSUW).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Europe.</p> <p>Biology</p> <p>This species has been found in sap run on Quercus, but whether it feeds on the material of the sap run or is a predator of other insect larvae within the sap run is unknown (Rotheray, 1993).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70208787E42F4F3DFEC8FAD3FE580163	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Choi, Deuk-Soo;Ôhara, Kenji;Han, Ho-Yeon	Choi, Deuk-Soo, Ôhara, Kenji, Han, Ho-Yeon (2006): Taxonomic notes on the Volucella pellucens species group (Diptera: Syrphidae) with a description of one new species from the Eastern Palaearctic. Zootaxa 1185: 1-19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1185.1.1
70208787E4214F3DFEC8FD2BFD09044C.text	70208787E4214F3DFEC8FD2BFD09044C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Volucella nigricans Coquillett. A 1898	<div><p>Volucella nigricans Coquillett (Figs. 3A–I, 5I–L)</p> <p>Volucella nigricans Coquillett, 1898: 324 (Type­locality: Japan; Holotype Male, USNM); Matsumura, 1916: 209 (redescription); Shiraki, 1930: 216 (redescription); Matsumura, 1931: 357 (redescription); Sack, 1931: 246 (redescription); Zimina, 1961: 145 (in Palaearctic key); Shiraki, 1968: 215 (redescription); Okuno, 1970: 269 (biology); Kim, 1971: 863 (redescription); Knutson et al., 1975: 336 (in Oriental catalog); Ôhara, 1985a: 210 (in Japanese larval key); Ôhara, 1985b: 379 (biology); Peck, 1988: 130 (in Palaearctic catalog); Ôhara, 1989: 789 (in Japanese checklist); Huang et al., 1996: 202 (in Chinese key); Han et Choi, 2001: 125 (in Korean checklist).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>This species closely resembles V. pellucens, but can be readily distinguished by having much smaller pale areas on tergite 2 (Figs. 5I, K vs. 5M, O).</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Holotype, Male, JAPAN: with the following labels: Japan Mitsukuri; [red] Type No. 3994, U.S.N.M.; Volucella nigricans Coq. (USNM). CHINA: TienMuShan, VI.1937, E. Suenson, ALMelander Collection, 1961, 1♀ (USNM ENT 00033033). KOREA: Chungcheongbuk­do: 20♂, 9♀; Gyeongsangbuk­do: 8♂, 1♀; Gyeonggi­do: 3♂, 1♀; Gyeongsangnam­do: 1♀; Gangwon­do: 61♂, 19♀ (YSUW). JAPAN: Unzen 2200 Feet Shimabara Peninsula, 3.VII.1934, 1♂ (ZMH); ditto, 7.VIII.1935, 1♀ (ZMH); Yunokikawachi, Matsuura City, Nagasaki Pref. 9.VI.1971, Y. Ikezaki, 1♂ (USNM ENT 00033032).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>China, Korea, Japan, and Taiwan.</p> <p>Biology</p> <p>This species is associated with Vespula flaviceps lewisii (Cameron) in immature stages (Okuno, 1970; Ôhara, 1985a, b).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70208787E4214F3DFEC8FD2BFD09044C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Choi, Deuk-Soo;Ôhara, Kenji;Han, Ho-Yeon	Choi, Deuk-Soo, Ôhara, Kenji, Han, Ho-Yeon (2006): Taxonomic notes on the Volucella pellucens species group (Diptera: Syrphidae) with a description of one new species from the Eastern Palaearctic. Zootaxa 1185: 1-19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1185.1.1
70208787E4224F3FFEC8F98AFC9D0446.text	70208787E4224F3FFEC8F98AFC9D0446.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Volucella pellucens subsp. pellucens (Linnaeus)	<div><p>Volucella pellucens pellucens (Linnaeus) (Figs. 4A, B, D­J, 5M–P, 6A, B)</p> <p>Musca pellucens Linnaeus, 1785: 595 (Type­locality: Sweden (restricted by Thompson); Type?, LSL).</p> <p>Conops dryaphila Scopoli, 1763: 353 (Type­locality: “Carniola”, Slovenia; Type?, Lost).</p> <p>Syrphus putescens Schellenberg, 1803: pl. 8, misspelling of pellucens Linnaeus.</p> <p>Volucella pellucens: Sack, 1931: 247 (redescription); Walker, 1951: 261 (redescription); Zimina, 1961: 145 (in Palaearctic key); Bankowska, 1963: 58 (in Polish key); Violovitsh, 1983: 110 (in Siberian key); Stubbs et Falk, 1983: 216 (British hoverflies); Stackelberg, 1988: 103 (in European part of USSR key); Verlinden, 1991: 178 (in Belgian key).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Volucella pellucens and V. thompsoni are similar in having almost entirely pale abdominal tergite 2, with which they can be readily distinguished from the other species of the V. pellucens species group. Volucella thompsoni can be further separated from V. pellucens by the diagnosis already given. We found that there are clear differences between the Far Eastern and European subspecies of V. pellucens especially in females (see also Remarks of V. p. tabanoides). Females of V. p. tabanoides can be distinguished from those of V. p. pellucens by their scutum with distinct brown triangular prescutella macula (Figs. 6C, D). Males are hardly separable but their eye contiguity­vertex ratios seem different: 0.54–0.67 in V. p. tabanoides (89 specimens measured), and 0.75–1.00 in V. p. pellucens (9 specimens measured) (Table 1).</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>SPAIN: Pyrenees, Aran Valley nr. <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-1.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -1.8/lat 1.5)">Banh des Tredos</a>, 1,500 –1,800 m, 30.VII.2003, G. Ståhls, 1♂ (YSUW); Pyrenees, Aran Valley nr. Arties 1,500m, 1.VIII.2003, G. Ståhls, 1♀ (YSUW). UK: Esher, Surrey, 16. VI.1947, J. F. G. Clarke, 1♂ (USNM); ditto, 13.VII.1947, J. F. G. Clarke, 1♀ (USNM). GERMANY: Emmend. Vorbergz. Kohlwald carex pil. ­ Schlag Blauschale 6B, 310m, 9. VI.1986, A. Ssymank, 1♂ (YSUW); ditto, ­ Schlag Weiβschale 6W, 310m, 19. VI.1986, A. Ssymank, 1♀ (YSUW). SWITZERLAND: Sr Cagues, aout, Genève, 1927, A. Naville, 1♂ (YSUW); SUISSE­Vaud, Bonvillars­La Coudre, 27. V.1992, J. Steffen, 1♂ (YSUW); Helv. ZH 650m Zürich­Zürichberg, 7.VII.1998, B. Merz, 1♀ (YSUW); CH GR Valbella 178/761 1,500m U Brache, 27.VII.1997, Merz &amp; Müller, 1♀ (YSUW); Helv. Geneva 350m river of “La Laire” 25.VII.2004, H.­Y. Han &amp; K.­E. Ro, 1♀ (YSUW); Helv. Valais 1,400 –1,433 m Viez die <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-1.433&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -1.433/lat 1.4)">Morgins</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-1.433&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -1.433/lat 1.4)">Morgins</a>, 27.VII.2004, H.­Y. Han &amp; K.­E. Ro, 1♂, 1♀ (YSUW); Helv. Valais 1,900 –2,200 m <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-2.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -2.2/lat 1.9)">Visperterminen­Gebidempass</a> (46.15.28N / 7.56.23E), 21.VII.2004, H.­Y. Han &amp; K.­E. Ro, 1♀ (YSUW).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Widespread in Western Palaearctic region.</p> <p>Biology</p> <p>This species is associated with Vespa and Vespula species (Hymenoptera) during immature stage (Verrall, 1901; Lundbeck, 1916; Bury, 1920; Krüger, 1926; Nixon, 1934 etc.).</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>See Remarks of V. pellucens tabanoides.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70208787E4224F3FFEC8F98AFC9D0446	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Choi, Deuk-Soo;Ôhara, Kenji;Han, Ho-Yeon	Choi, Deuk-Soo, Ôhara, Kenji, Han, Ho-Yeon (2006): Taxonomic notes on the Volucella pellucens species group (Diptera: Syrphidae) with a description of one new species from the Eastern Palaearctic. Zootaxa 1185: 1-19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1185.1.1
70208787E4244F3BFEC8F9C8FB9801AB.text	70208787E4244F3BFEC8F9C8FB9801AB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Volucella pellucens subsp. tabanoides Motschulsky	<div><p>Volucella pellucens tabanoides Motschulsky (Figs. 4C, 5Q–T, 6C, D)</p> <p>Volucella tabanoides Motschulsky, 1859: 504 (Type­locality: “des environs du fl. Amour, depuis la Schilka jusqu’à Nikolaëvsk”, Russian Far East; Type?, ZMM); Shiraki, 1930: 216 (redescription); Matsumura, 1931: 358 (redescription); Sack, 1931: 249 (redescription); Shiraki, 1968: 210 (redescription); Okuno, 1970: 268 (biology); Kim, 1971: 863 (redescription); Kim, 1980: 295 (Korean distribution); Kim et Park, 1984: 42 (gut anatomy); Han et Choi, 2001: 127 (in Korean checklist).</p> <p>Volucella japonica Bigot, 1875: 473 (Type­locality: Japan; Holotype Female, UMO); Matsumura, 1916: 209 (redescription); Coquillett, 1898: 324 (specimen information).</p> <p>Volucella pellucens var. japonica Matsumura, 1916: 238 (Type­locality: “ Hokkaido (Sapporo)”, Japan, Holotype Male, HUS; see also Remarks for further information); Shiraki, 1930: 216 (as synonym of tabanoides Motsch.).</p> <p>Volucella matsumurai Han et Choi, 2001: 125 (new name for V. pellucens var. japonica Matsumura, 1916), misidentification of Volucella thompsoni n.sp.</p> <p>Volucella pellucens tabanoides: Zimina, 1961: 145 (in Palaearctic key); Violovitsh, 1983: 110 (in Siberian key); Peck, 1988: 131 (in Palaearctic catalog); Ôhara, 1989: 789 (in Japanese checklist); Huang et al., 1996: 202 (in Chinese key); Yang et Wang, 2002: 102 (redescription).</p> <p>Volucella pellucens: Knutson et al., 1975: 336 (in Oriental catalog); Ôhara, 1985a: 210 (in Japanese larval key).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>See Diagnosis of V. pellucens pellucens.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>KOREA: Chungcheongbuk­do: 16♂, 5♀; Chungcheongnam­do: 1♀; Gyeongsangbukdo: 1♂, 1♀; Gyeonggi­do: 1♂, 2♀; Gangwon­do: 70♂, 141♀ (YSUW). JAPAN: Hokkaido: Sapporo, holotype male of Volucella pellucens var. japonica (HUS); Kamikawa, Mts. Daisetsu, 7km NW Aizankei, 550–650m, 19–20. VI.1986, FC Thompson, 1♂ (USNM); Kushiro, Lake Kussharo (west shore), Rt. 243, 8km S BihoroPass, 23.VII.1980, FC Thompson, 1♀ (USNM).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Russian Far East, Mongolia, China, Korea, and Japan; Oriental region? (see Remarks)</p> <p>Biology</p> <p>This species is associated with Vespa and Vespula species (Hymenoptera) during immature stages. Recently, the larvae of three Volucella species including this species were collected from soil under the nest of Vespula flaviceps lewisii (Cameron) and studied morphologically in Japan (Ôhara, 1985a).</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Specific status of this taxon has been confused in the past. Authors have treated it as V. tabanoides, V. pellucens or V. pellucens tabanoides in Eastern Palaearctic region (see synonymy). This is due to the fact that there are subtle but clear differences between Western and Eastern Palaearctic females. Choi (2005 ­Ph.D. thesis; nomenclatural changes not available) recently suggested the Eastern Palaearctic population as subspecies based on almost identical male genitalic and molecular characters (mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COII gene sequences). We also have found differences between the Western and Eastern Palaearctic subspecies (see Diagnosis of V. p. pellucens), but we do not believe that they are different species as some earlier authors indicated (Sack, 1931; Shiraki, 1968; Han et Choi, 2001 etc.). Except for the slight differences in the color pattern of female scutum (Figs. 6A, B vs. 6C, D) and the male eye contiguity­vertex ratio, they are morphologically indistinguishable. In addition, our molecular sequence data showed that they are genetically very close (3–5/1,292 differences in 16S rRNA and 1–2/766 differences in COII gene) (Choi et al., in prep.). Based on our prior experiences, we believe that this level of difference usually constitutes intraspecific variation. There also is a record of V. pellucens from India and Malaya (Knutson et al, 1975), but we have not seen any Oriental specimens yet. More comprehensive study of the distribution and variation is needed to further understand their subspecific status.</p> <p>According to the original description of V. pellucens var. japonica Matsumura, 1916, it was based on unspecified number of specimen(s) from Sapporo, Japan. The second author (K. Ôhara) had a chance to examine the Matsumura’s collection deposited in HUS, and found that there were three males under the name V. pellucens var. japonica. However, two of them were from Budapest and Sakhalin collected in 1932, and a single male from Sapporo appeared to be the only specimen used by Matsumura in 1916. This assumed holotype is a bit teneral specimen but apparently belongs to V. p. tabanoides based on both its external appearance and genitalic structures. There are three labels associated with the holotype: 1) 5.22 Sapporo Matsum; 2) Type Matsumura; and 3) Volucella japonica Mats. det. FC Thompson, 1980 (Fig. 7B). In addition, the body length and wing span were listed as 13.5 mm and 30 mm in the original description without indicating any variation, and this may also be viewed as an indirect evidence for the single type.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70208787E4244F3BFEC8F9C8FB9801AB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Choi, Deuk-Soo;Ôhara, Kenji;Han, Ho-Yeon	Choi, Deuk-Soo, Ôhara, Kenji, Han, Ho-Yeon (2006): Taxonomic notes on the Volucella pellucens species group (Diptera: Syrphidae) with a description of one new species from the Eastern Palaearctic. Zootaxa 1185: 1-19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1185.1.1
