taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E387FC9E65CE2CCA9AB1F5AA48010E.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species. Pomatostegus macrosoma Schmarda, 1861, by subsequent designation (Hartman 1959): 587 – 588, junior synonym of Terebella stellata Abildgaard, 1789.	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E65CE2CCA9AB1F5AA48010E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (from ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009). Tube white, opaque, semi-circular to roughly triangular in crosssection, with up to five longitudinal keels; granular overlay absent. Operculum a very flat ampulla covered with chitinous disk bearing a column with several serrated disks alternating with circlets of spines proximally and closely applied to each disk. Peduncle flatly triangular in cross-section with broad latero-distal wings along its entire length; inserted to the left or right at the basis of the radiolar lobe; from the fact that the first and second radiole separated by the base of the peduncle, it is inferred that it is derived from the second normal radiole. Constriction absent. Pseudoperculum absent. Arrangement of radioles in (semi-) circles, up to 90 per lobe. Interradiolar membrane present. Radiolar eyes present. Stylodes absent. Mouth palps absent. Seven thoracic chaetigerous segments. Collar tri- to penta-lobed, well developed with an entire smooth margin. Tonguelets absent. Thoracic membranes short, ending just posterior to the second row of uncini (segment 3). Collar chaetae Spirobranchus - type, with basal pilose fin [= proximal boss] and distal blade, and limbate. Apomatus - type chaetae present. Thoracic uncini saw-shaped, with 9 – 13 teeth, anterior peg blunt. Thoracic tori meet ventrally in larger specimens; in juveniles the ventral space between thoracic tori narrowing towards last rows that almost fused, leaving a triangular depression. Abdominal chaetae flat narrow geniculate, with long blade. Abdominal uncini smaller than thoracic ones, with about eight teeth in profile, three teeth in a row. Achaetous anterior abdominal zone absent. Long posterior capillary chaetae absent, but posterior chaetae longer. Posterior glandular pad absent.	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E65CE27CA9AB2ABABD500FE.taxon	description	(Figures 1 A – D, 2 A – F, 5 A – B, 6 A – C, 8 A, 9)	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E65CE27CA9AB2ABABD500FE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: 39 specimens. Veracruz: (Total: 3 spec.), UANL 5672 and 5673, 2 spec. (Pájaros Reef, intertidal zone, on coral, February 24, 2002, coll. V. Díaz-Castañeda); UANL 5832, 1 spec. (Blanca Reef, intertidal zone, on coral, July 21, 2002, coll. V. Díaz-Castañeda). Quintana Roo: (Total: 27 spec.), ECOSUR, 6 spec. (Playa Azul, Cozumel, intertidal zone, on rock, March 25, 2001, coll. HA. ten Hove); ECOSUR, 3 spec. (off SEDENA, Cozumel, 2 m, on Millepora sp., March 24, 2001, coll. HA. ten Hove); ECOSUR, 1 spec. (Contoy Island, on rock, March 2, 2001, coll. P. Salazar-Silva); ECOSUR, 2 spec. (Cozumel, on coral, June 5, 1996, coll. S. I. Salazar-Vallejo); ECOSUR-P 0355, 1 spec. (Mahahual, on coral, March 22, 2000, coll. S. I. Salazar-Vallejo); ECOSUR-P 0356, 1 spec. (Contoy Island, on coral, June 1, 2000, coll. S. I. Salazar-Vallejo & L. F. Carrera-Parra); ECOSUR-P 0357, 8 spec., (Contoy Island, on coral, February 18, 2001, coll. S. I. Salazar-Vallejo et al.); ECOSUR-P 0358, 1 spec. (Contoy Island, on coral, March 18, 2001, coll. S. I. Salazar-Vallejo et al.); ECOSUR-P 1236, 1 spec. (Contoy Island, on coral, February 22, 1999, coll. S. I. Salazar-Vallejo & L. F. Carrera-Parra); ECOSUR, 1 spec. (Contoy Island, Ixlache Reef, on coral, 2 m, February 25, 2008, coll. S. I. Salazar-Vallejo & L. F. Carrera-Parra, fixed and preserved in alcohol 96 %); ECOSUR, 1 spec. (Contoy Island, on rock, 3 m, February 26, 2008, coll. S. I. Salazar-Vallejo & L. F. Carrera-Parra, fixed and preserved in alcohol 96 %); UMML, 1 spec. (north of Arrowsmith Bank, 21 ° 15 ’ N, 86 ° 21 ’ W, R / V ‘ Gerda’, cruise 6717, sta. 883, 37 m, September 9, 1967, specimen dried). Jamaica: (Total: 2 spec. + 1 without radiolar crown), UMML, 2 spec. (south of the island, 17 ° 42.9 ’ N, 76 ° 35.3 ’ W, R / V ‘ Pillsbury’, cruise 7006, sta. 1206, Isaacs-Kidd mid-water trawl, ~ 50 – 80 m, July 5, 1970); UMML, 1 spec. (south of Old Harbour Bay, 17 ° 36 ’ N 77 ° 03 ’ W, R / V ‘ Pillsbury ‘, cruise 7006, sta. 1215, otter trawl, 24 m, on coral, July 5, 1970). Honduras: (Total: 1 spec.), UMML, 1 spec. (west of Trujillo Bay, 15 ° 58 ’ N, 86 ° 09 ’ W, R / V ‘ Pillsbury’, cruise 6802, sta. 629, otter trawl, 40 m, March 21, 1968). Nicaragua: (Total: 1 spec.), UMML, 1 spec. (east of Miskitos Keys, 15 ° 15 ’ N, 81 ° 51 ’ W, R / V ‘ Pillsbury’, cruise 7101, sta. 1358, otter trawl, 18 m, February 1, 1971). Lesser Antilles: (Total: 4 spec.), UMML, 2 spec. (east of Caicos Islands, Turks and Caicos, 21 ° 41 ’ N, 71 ° 23 ’ W, R / V ‘ Pillsbury’, cruise 7106, sta. 1423, 18 m, July 19, 1971); UMML, 1 spec. (north of Antigua Island, Antigua and Barbuda, 17 ° 18 ’ N, 61 ° 52 ’ W, R / V ‘ Pillsbury’, cruise 6907, sta. 968, otter trawl, 18 m, July 20, 1969); UMML, 1 spec. (east of Saint Vincent Island, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, 13 ° 11 ’ N, 61 ° 06 ’ W, R / V ‘ Pillsbury’, cruise 6907, sta. 878, Blake trawl, 39 m, July 6, 1969.	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E65CE27CA9AB2ABABD500FE.taxon	description	Redescription. Tube white, with five longitudinal ridges, the middle largest, forming an elevated crest that ends in a horizontal spine protruding from tube aperture, semi-circular in cross-section; some tubes with shallow transverse ridges (Fig. 8 A). Body yellowish, 35 mm long. Thorax 5 mm long and 4 mm wide, with seven chaetigers. Abdomen with 95 chaetigers. Radioles with 1 – 3 bands of brown iridescent pigment (Fig. 1 D). Opercular peduncle maculated with brown pigment, 10 mm long including the opercular plates, and 2.8 mm wide in the basal plate, with wide wings with the wavy edge; inserted in right lobe (Fig. 1 B – C). Operculum chitinous, 4 mm long with four concentric festooned shallow dish-shaped plates, successive plates widely separated between each one (Fig. 1 A). Plates joined by a central hollow column; column tip with one circlet of spines; circlets of spines present at the basis of each plate (immediately below each plate; Fig. 1 A). Thoracic membrane short, extending to segment 3. Collar with two kinds of chaetae, Spirobranchus - type serrated in subapical section and with a wide proximal boss (twice wider than distal blade) and capillaries chaetae (Fig. 2 A). Thoracic chaetigers with two kinds of chaetae, Apomatus - type (Fig. 2 C) and limbate (Fig. 2 B). Abdominal chaetae flat narrow geniculate, with long blade (Fig. 2 D). Thoracic uncini of segment 5 saw-shaped, with 11 – 12 teeth (Fig. 2 E). Abdominal uncini similar to thoracic uncini but smaller, with 7 – 8 teeth (Fig. 2 F). Variability. The tube color varies from white to pale-yellowish, some tubes with shallow transverse ridges, semi-circular to circular in cross-section. Body length variable (n = 18, r: 3 – 49, µ = 27.6 ± 13.8). Thorax of variable length (n = 18, r: 0.6 – 7, µ = 4.4 ± 1.6) and width (n = 18, r: 0.2 – 4, µ = 2.5 ± 1.4), with seven chaetigers (only one specimen with six chaetigers). Abdomen with a variable number of chaetigers (n = 13, r: 38 – 110, µ = 79.3 ± 25.6). Radioles with or without bands of color. Some specimens with uniformly colored (not maculated) opercular peduncle of variable length, including the opercular plates (n = 18, r: 1 – 18, µ = 8.4 ± 4.1) and width of basal plate (n = 16, r: 1.2 – 4, µ = 2.4 ± 0.8). Wings of opercular peduncle with smooth or wavy edge (Fig. 5 B). Peduncle inserted into right (n = 10) or left lobe (n = 4). Operculum variable in length (n = 18, r: 0.3 – 6, µ = 2.9 ± 1.5) and number of plates (n = 18, r: 2 – 6, µ = 4 ± 1). Operculum with shallow dish-shaped plates (Figs 1 A, 5 A – B). Spirobranchus - type chaetae with wide proximal boss (twice wider than distal blade; Fig. 6 A – C), except in one specimen where the proximal boss is as wide as the distal blade (Fig. 6 C). Habitat. Littoral to sublittoral (80 m). On mangrove roots, mollusk shells, corals, sponges, under rocks, wood debris and on a pier covered by Millepora spp. (ten Hove & San Martín 1995; Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000). Only one record as fouling fauna in Florida (Bastida-Zavala et al. 2017).	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E65CE27CA9AB2ABABD500FE.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Wider Caribbean, from Florida to southern Brazil (Fig. 9); in the Gulf of Mexico P. stellatus is only recorded from Alacranes Reefs (Ehlers 1887; Zibrowius 1970; ten Hove & San Martín 1995; Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo 2000) and in two reefs from Veracruz (this study).	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E65CE27CA9AB2ABABD500FE.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pomatostegus stellatus was described by Abildgaard (1789); however, type specimens were not established (nor found in the collections of the Zoological Museum Copenhagen by Mary Petersen in 2000). Many authors supposed P. stellatus to have a wide, even circumtropical distribution (Zibrowius 1970, 1973; Imajima 1977, 1982; Imajima & ten Hove 1984, 1986; Nishi 1995; Bastida-Zavala 2008); however, Bastida-Zavala & Salazar-Vallejo (2000) suggested that the geographical distribution of P. stellatus was limited to the Tropical Western Atlantic only. Ten Hove & Kupriyanova (2009) suggested that the genus Pomatostegus contained three species with limited distributions: Pomatostegus kroyeri Mörch, 1863, from the Tropical Eastern Pacific region; P. stellatus from the Tropical Western Atlantic and P. actinoceras Mörch, 1863, with a distribution in the Indian and Western Pacific oceans (Kupriyanova et al. 2015). The fact that the genus only extremely rarely has been recorded as part of the fouling fauna (e. g., Cai et al. 2004; Bastida-Zavala et al. 2017) might illustrate their limited distributional powers. Only one specimen of P. stellatus has been recorded as part of the fouling fauna from Biscayne Bay, Florida, after the revision of hundreds fouling plates deployed in marinas with salinities averaging 20 ‰, by 14 consecutive years (Bastida-Zavala et al. 2017: 5 – 6, 41). Therefore, it probably would be impossible for the Caribbean species to cross the Panamá Canal (Bastida-Zavala et al. 2016).	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E6ECE25CA9AB3B5AA3D079D.taxon	description	(Figures 3 A – D, 4 A – E, 5 C – D, 6 D – F, 8 B, 9)	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E6ECE25CA9AB3B5AA3D079D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 11 specimens. Baja California Sur: (Total: 3 spec.), UMAR-Poly 789, 2 spec., (Margarita Island, Magdalena Bay, February 23, 1989, coll. R. Bastida-Zavala); UMAR-Poly 790, 1 spec., (Caleritas Beach, on coral, March 10, 2006, coll. D. Herrero-Pérezrul et al., fixed and preserved in alcohol 96 %). Guerrero: (Total: 1 spec.), UMAR-Poly 791, 1 spec. (Caleta de Chón, 6 m, on coral Pocillopora damicornis, December 2, 2010, coll. S. Guendolain). Oaxaca: (Total: 6 spec.), UMAR-Poly 792, 1 spec. (off Centro Mexicano de la Tortuga Aquarium, Mazunte, 2 m, on rock, June 11, 2013, coll. T. Peregrino & C. Valeriano); UMAR-Poly 793, 1 spec. (San Agustinillo, on mollusk shell, May 11, 2013, coll. A. Gerónimo et al.); UMAR-Poly 794, 1 spec. (Camarón Beach, on coral, April 27, 2013, coll. R. Xavier & V. Alvarado); UMAR-Poly 795, 1 spec. (Puerto Ángel, on rocks, May 3, 2010, coll. H. Sánchez & A. Pineda); UMAR-Poly 796, 1 spec. (San Agustín Beach, 5.8 m, on coral Pocillopora damicornis, February 23, 2010, coll. R. Granja & S. Guendolain); UMAR-Poly 797, 1 spec. (Montosa Island, 6 m, on P. damicornis, February 22, 2010, coll. R. Granja & S. Guendolain). Costa Rica: (Total: 1 spec.), UMAR-Poly 835, 1 spec. (Cabo Blanco, Puntarenas, intertidal zone, between basalts, November 10, 2012, coll. T. F. Villalobos-Guerrero, fixed and preserved in alcohol 96 %).	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E6ECE25CA9AB3B5AA3D079D.taxon	description	Redescription. Tube with five longitudinal ridges, the middle largest, forming an elevated crest, outer tube surface of brown color, inner surface of white color, semi-circular in cross-section (Fig. 8 B). Body yellowish, 40 mm long (Fig. 3 D). Thorax 5 mm long and 3.1 mm wide, with seven chaetigers. Abdomen with 106 chaetigers. Radioles with 1 – 3 bands of black-blue iridescent pigment (Fig. 3 B). Opercular peduncle maculated with black-blue pigment, 10 mm long including opercular plates and 3 mm wide in the basal plate; with wide wings; inserted into right lobe (Fig. 3 B – C). Operculum chitinous, 4 mm long; with three concentric festooned deep dish-shaped plates, successive plates barely separated, connected to a hollow column with a tip with one “ free ” circlet of spines without accompanying plates; circlets of small spines present at the basis of each plate (immediately below each plate; Fig. 3 A – D). Thoracic membrane short, extending to segment 3. Collar chaetae missing at both sides in examined specimen (Costa Rica, UMAR-Poly 835); other specimens with Spirobranchus - type chaetae with a narrow proximal boss. Thoracic chaetigers with two kinds of chaetae, Apomatus - type and limbate (Fig. 4 A – B). Abdominal chaetae flat narrow geniculate, with long blade (Fig. 4 C). Thoracic uncini of segment 5 saw-shaped, with 10 – 11 teeth (Fig. 4 D). Abdominal uncini similar to thoracic uncini but smaller, with 7 – 8 teeth (Fig. 4 E). Variability. Tubes brown to white, with five longitudinal ridges. Body length variable (n = 10, r: 2.1 – 40, µ = 21.3 ± 11.8). Thorax with different length (n = 9, r: 0.4 – 5, µ = 3.4 ± 1.5) and width (n = 10, r: 0.2 – 3.1, µ = 1.8 ± 0.9). Variable number of abdominal chaetigers (n = 6, r: 55 – 106, µ = 69.3 ± 19.2). In some specimens, radioles with 1 – 3 bands of brown iridescent pigment and opercular peduncle without pigmentation. Peduncle, including opercular plates, varying in length (n = 10, r: 0.8 – 10, µ = 5.6 ± 3), inserted into right (n = 6) or left lobe (n = 4). Operculum variable in length (n = 10, r: 0.2 – 4, µ = 1.9 ± 1.1) and number of plates (n = 9, r: 3 – 8, µ = 5 ± 1). All opercular plates deeply dish-shaped. On the specimen used for this description (UMAR-Poly 835) the opercular plates are more widely separated than in other reviewed specimens (Figs 3 A – D, 5 C – D). All specimens with seven thoracic chaetigers. Collar with Spirobranchus - type chaetae with a narrow proximal boss (1.3: 1 wider than distal blade) with many teeth; denticulate capillaries present as well (Fig. 6 D – F). Habitat. Littoral to sublittoral (64 m, Treadwell 1937). Below rocks, on live or dead coral (Pocillopora verrucosa (Ellis & Solander, 1786) and P. damicornis), oysters and pier piles (Bastida-Zavala 2008). Occasionally part of fouling fauna (Bastida-Zavala et al. 2016).	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E6ECE25CA9AB3B5AA3D079D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tropical Eastern Pacific, from the Gulf of California to Colombia (Bastida-Zavala 2008).	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E6ECE25CA9AB3B5AA3D079D.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Mörch (1863: 399, pl. 11, Fig. 15) described the species from the Pacific of Costa Rica as Pomatostegus krØyeri; however, here the spelling was corrected because the ICZN Art. 32.5.2.1 explicitly states that an “ o slash ” (ø), as in Mörch’s original krØyeri, should be corrected to an “ o ” without slash. The type specimens are not in the Zoologisk Museum, Copenhagen, and are presumably lost. The records of Pomatostegus stellatus from the Tropical Eastern Pacific region are questionable, as was mentioned in the previous species. In this work, we demonstrate that P. kroyeri differs from P. stellatus in the shape of the opercular plates and Spirobranchus - type chaetae: Pomatostegus kroyeri has deep dish-shaped opercular plates and the Spirobranchus - type chaetae have a narrow proximal boss, while P. stellatus has shallow dish-shaped plates and a wide proximal boss in the Spirobranchus - type chaetae.	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E6CCE21CA9AB755AC170281.taxon	description	(Figures 7 A – I, 8 C)	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E6CCE21CA9AB755AC170281.taxon	description	Description. Tube opaque, white with 1 – 6 longitudinal ridges, the middle with blunt teeth and a horizontal spine protruding from tube aperture; triangular in cross-section (Pillai 2009: 110, fig. 9, A – B; Bailey-Brock et al. 2012: 975 – 976, fig. 5, B – D). Body white to yellowish, 8 – 48 mm long, thorax 2 – 7 mm wide, with seven chaetigers and abdomen with 77 – 102 chaetigers (Imajima 1977: 102; Pillai 2009: 110). Opercular peduncle maculated with brown pigment, wide wings terminating in pointed tips (Bailey-Brock et al. 2012: 975; Kupriyanova et al. 2015: 304). Operculum chitinous, with successive opercular festooned plates widely separated, shallow dish-shaped (Bailey-Brock et al. 2012: 976, Fig. 5 A, E). Distal tip of the hollow column has more “ free ” circlets of spines (2 – 4) without accompanying plates, circlets of spines curved downwards on first plates and then becoming straight on the distal whorls (Fiege & Sun 1999: 132, Fig. 19 A – B; Bailey-Brock et al. 2012: 976, Figs 5 A – B, E). Collar chaetae Spirobranchus - type, serrated in subapical section and with a wide proximal boss, twice wider than distal blade (Imajima 1977: 101, Fig. 7, c). Habitat. Littoral to sublittoral (30 m, Pillai 2009). On corals, rocks and mollusk shells (Imajima 1977; Pillai 2009; Bailey-Brock et al. 2012; Kupriyanova et al. 2015).	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E6CCE21CA9AB755AC170281.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Indo-Western Pacific: southern Japan, Micronesia and Australia, China and Sri Lanka (Kupriyanova et al. 2015).	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
03E387FC9E6CCE21CA9AB755AC170281.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Several authors, e. g., Dew (1959), Pillai (1960), Imajima (1977), recorded Pomatostegus specimens from the Indo-Western Pacific more often as P. stellatus than as P. actinoceras (see synonym section). Some authors did not mention the shape of opercular plates and proximal boss of collar chaetae in descriptions of P. actinoceras, but illustrated these structures (e. g., Dew 1959; Imajima 1977): the opercular plates are shallowly dish-shaped and the Spirobranchus - type chaetae have wide proximal bosses. Based on the literature, the main differences between P. actinoceras and P. stellatus is that the former has tubes triangular in cross-section and an operculum with distal tip of the central column hollow and with 2 – 4 “ free ” circlets of spines (Mörch 1863: 400, Fig. 16; Fiege & Sun 1999: 132, Fig. 19 A – B; Bailey-Brock et al. 2012: 976, Fig. 5 A – B, E), without accompanying plates (Fig. 7 A – C and Mörch 1863: 396 – 397, Fig. 14); while the latter has tubes semi-circular to circular in cross-section and an operculum with distal tip of the central column hollow, with only one “ free ” circlet of spines without accompanying of plates (Fig. 1 A – D). Unfortunately we could not examine specimens of P. actinoceras, lacking in our collections; a review of material of this nominal species is necessary to verify the differences observed from the literature only herein.	en	Sánchez-Ovando, J. Pablo, Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando (2021): Redescription of Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789) and P. kroyeri Mörch 1863 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from the Tropical American coasts. Zootaxa 4970 (3): 495-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.3
