identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
CB7D5F0C41FA52B8BF76A0954218E63B.text	CB7D5F0C41FA52B8BF76A0954218E63B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Balticeler kerneggeri Schmidt & Maddison 2021	<div><p>Balticeler kerneggeri Schmidt &amp; Maddison sp. nov.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype: Male in Baltic amber, Coll. Friedrich Kernegger in the Centrum of Natural History, Hamburg (CeNak), with collection number " GPIH 04897, coll. Kernegger 1995/235". Size of the amber piece approx. 13  × 7  × 7 mm, irregularly cut, embedded in synthetic resin (Hoffeins 2001) (Fig. 3).</p><p>Preservation status: The amber is clear but pervaded by few flowlines dorsally of the embedded beetle fossil. The fossil is partly covered by milky coating on the ventral side of the body. The exoskeleton of the specimen and its negative imprint on the inclusion wall is well preserved and could therefore be visualized in detail using micro-CT (Figs 11-14). In contrast, the aedeagus is poorly preserved inside the fossilized beetle body: it is strongly shrunken and deformed and therefore, its original shape and structure could not be determined.</p><p>Syninclusions: None.</p><p>Paratype 1: Male in Baltic amber, deposited in the Oregon State University Collection, with specimen number OSAC_0002900006. Size of the amber piece approx. 21  × 8  × 4 mm, irregularly cut (Fig. 4).</p><p>Preservation status: The embedded beetle fossil is almost completely surrounded by flowlines. Head and prothorax are additionally covered by milky coating. Therefore, only small parts of the beetle body are visible using light microscopy (Fig. 4). The exoskeleton of the fossil and its negative imprint on the inclusion wall are moderately well preserved and could therefore be imaged using micro-CT, but the head capsule is partly shrunken and displaced into the prothorax (Figs 26-28). The aedeagus is rather well preserved inside the fossilized beetle body and could therefore be imaged using micro-CT in most details (Figs 27, 28, 32, 33, 35); its external shape particularly near base, including the lateral lobes of the median lobe basal bulb, seem somewhat deformed (Fig. 33), probably because the fossil specimen was embedded during an immature stage of its development; the apical apophysis of the right paramere is only partly preserved (Fig. 32d).</p><p>Syninclusions: None.</p><p>Paratype 2: Male in Baltic amber, Coll. Carsten  Gröhn in the collection of the Geological-Palaeontological Institute of the University of Hamburg (GPIH), now in the Centrum of Natural History, Hamburg (CeNak), with collection number " GPIH 5044, coll.  Gröhn 8234". The amber piece was nearly triangularly cut with an edge length of about 33, 26, and 16 mm, and with width of 5 mm (Fig. 5).</p><p>Preservation status: The amber is clear; large flowlines are attached to the left lateral side of the embedded beetle. The ventral surface of the beetle body is partly covered by milky coating. Antenna, legs, and dorsal surface of head are clear and thus well visible using light microscopy (Figs 6, 7). The skeleton of the fossil beetle specimen together with its aedeagus is moderately well preserved and could therefore be imaged using micro-CT (Figs 29-31); however, the basal portion of the aedeagus is partly decayed so that the parameres are preserved only with the more strongly sclerotized median parts (Fig. 34 a, b).</p><p>Syninclusions: 1 stellate hair, few dust particles.</p><p>Paratype 3: Specimen of unknown sex in Baltic amber, deposited in the Oregon State University Collection, with amber piece number OSAC_AMB0000387. According to the dealer (Marius Veta, Palanga) from whom the amber was purchased, this is most likely Baltic amber from the Yantarni mine, but there is a slight chance that it is Rovno amber. Size of the amber piece approx. 14  × 8  × 2 mm, irregularly cut (Fig. 8).</p><p>Preservation status: The amber is clear but the ventral surface of the embedded beetle is completely covered by milky coating. Flowlines within the amber extend to each lateral side of the fossil. Most parts of the legs and the tip of the abdomen were abraded during polishing process and are thus lacking. Therefore, only the dorsal side of the beetle body is visible using light microscopy (Fig. 8). The negative imprint of the fossil on the inclusion wall has low contrast in the X-ray analyses and therefore, certain details of external morphology could not be imaged and the sex of the specimen could not be assessed (Figs 36, 37).</p><p>Syninclusions: One spider.</p><p>Paratype 4: Specimen of unknown sex in Baltic amber, deposited in the Oregon State University Collection, with amber piece number OSAC_AMB0000600. Size of the amber piece approx. 13  × 8  × 5 mm, cut into an approximately trapezoidal form (Fig. 9).</p><p>Preservation status: The amber is pervaded by numerous air bubbles on the right side to the embedded beetle fossil; the latter is well visible from dorsal, left lateral and ventral sides using light microscope (Fig. 9), but the head and thorax are covered by milky coating ventrally. The stone was very likely altered by autoclaving in order to reduce milky coating; this is evident from the blackened appendages of the beetle which are slightly deformed (particularly tibiae and tarsi), and from one of the synincluded  Collembola which has a roasted appearance (for the effect of autoclaving on amber fossils see Hoffeins 2012). Very probably as a consequence of autoclaving, the negative imprint of the fossil on the inclusion wall has low contrast in the X-ray analyses; certain details of external morphology could thus not be imaged, and the genital armatures are not preserved (Figs 38-40).</p><p>Syninclusions: One rove beetle ( Staphylinidae), one springtail ( Collembola), remains of a second springtail.</p><p>Paratype 5: Specimen of unknown sex in Baltic amber, ex collectio Riccardo Sciaky (Milano), now preserved in the Museum  für Naturkunde Berlin, with specimen number MB.I.8614. Size of the amber piece approx. 10  × 5  × 5 mm, polished into a somewhat bean-shaped piece (Fig. 10).</p><p>Preservation status: Rather poor; head and ventral surface of the beetle fossil are completely covered by milky coating; in addition, flow lines of the amber surrounding the specimen (Fig. 10). The negative imprint of the fossil on the inclusion wall has moderate low contrast in the X-ray analyses (Figs 41, 42), and the genital armatures are not preserved.</p><p>Syninclusions: None.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Color: All specimens appear unicolored dark throughout, markedly shiny. No metallic reflection is visible.</p><p>Microsculpture: Head, pronotum and elytra with very finely impressed very small transverse meshes (visible at magnifications of&gt; 80  ×).</p><p>Measurements and proportions, given as mean (min-max values):</p><p>Standardized body length 3.43 (3.01-3.77) mm.</p><p>PW/HW = 1.24 (1.21-1.28).</p><p>PW/PL = 1.09 (1.02-1.13).</p><p>PW/PWb = 1.39 (1.33-1.46).</p><p>PWb/PWa = 1.03 (0.97-1.08).</p><p>EW/PW = 1.66 (1.60-1.77).</p><p>EL/EW = 1.55 (1.50-1.59).</p><p>EL/FL = 2.18 (2.13-2.21).</p><p>EL/AedL = 2.36, 2.63 (paratypes 1, 2).</p><p>For individual measurements and proportions see Tables 2, 3.</p><p>Derivation of species epithet.</p><p>The species epithet is given in honor of Friedrich Kernegger, Hamburg, who found a piece of amber bearing a fossilized specimen of this extraordinarily interesting species more than 25 years ago.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB7D5F0C41FA52B8BF76A0954218E63B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Schmidt, Joachim;Scholz, Stephan;Maddison, David R.	Schmidt, Joachim, Scholz, Stephan, Maddison, David R. (2021): Balticeler kerneggeri gen. nov., sp. nov., an enigmatic Baltic amber fossil of the ground beetle subfamily Trechinae (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68 (1): 207-224, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.66181, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.66181
A191FCB25DAC59529608DB0F1FA27E5A.text	A191FCB25DAC59529608DB0F1FA27E5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Balticeler Schmidt & Maddison 2021	<div><p>Balticeler Schmidt &amp; Maddison gen. nov.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Balticeler kerneggeri sp. nov.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Diagnosis: Small, markedly shiny ground beetle (due to reduced microsculpture on body surface), with nearly cylindrical body shape (Figs 11-14); pronotal marginal borders absent, very slender mandibles and maxillae, and with basal protarsomeres in male not widened.</p><p>Head: Slender in its anterior part, robust from level of eyes towards base, with disc markedly convex, base broad and neck constriction absent (Figs 1, 15). Mandibles and maxillae notably long and slender, teeth on mandibular internal margin small, not prominent, markedly shifted basally, mandibular scrobe with seta (Fig. 17). Labrum with apical margin very slightly concave, with six setae near apical margin (Fig. 1). Clypeus with two primary setae on each side (Fig. 15). Anterior and posterior tactile supraorbital setae present (Figs 1, 15, 16); suborbital seta absent. Furrows on head disc shallow, very short, terminating posteriorly at level of anterior supraorbital setae (Figs 1, 15). Eyes moderately large, moderately protruded laterally; tempora short, about quarter of eye length, very slightly wrinkled towards the neck (Figs 15, 16). Antennae moderately slender, pubescent beginning from second antennomere; pedicellus about as long as scapus and third antennomere (Fig. 3). Ligula long and slender, with apex pointed, partly fused with paraglossae, latter distinctly protruded apically (Fig. 19); chaetotaxy of ligula not visible with the methods we used. Mentum with median tooth simple, with one pair of sharply defined pits; mentum and submentum separated by distinct suture; mentum with one pair of tactile setae laterally of apical tooth, submentum with two pairs of tactile setae in normal position (Fig. 18). Terminal maxillary and labial palpomeres about as long as penultimate palpomere, with shape slightly conical (Fig. 1); penultimate maxillary palpomere glabrous; penultimate labial palpomere glabrous except for two long setae in middle.</p><p>Prothorax: Small, subcordate, with disc markedly convex, and with apical, basal and lateral borders absent (Figs 13, 14, 20; in CT images from some angles, such as that shown in Fig. 20, the shrunken exoskeleton and the negative imprint of the beetle on the inclusion wall may give the impression of existing border lines); anterior margin straight with lateral angles rounded, not protruded anteriorly; basal margin slightly convex in middle and with outer sixth markedly shifted anterad; laterobasal angles moderately large, obtuse, very slightly protruded laterally; anterior lateral seta situated near anterior end of second pronotal third, posterior seta situated at basal angle (Figs 8, 20). Median line on pronotal disc deep between anterior and posterior transverse impressions, absent near apex and base; anterior transverse impression distinct, complete; posterior transverse impression broad, marked by three large pits medially, and small, irregularly impressed laterobasal grooves laterally (Fig. 20). Prosternum coarsely punctate (Figs 12, 22); prosternal process short, widened towards truncated posterior margin (Fig. 22); procoxal cavities closed externally.</p><p>Pterothorax: Elytra in dorsal view moderately ovate to sub-parallel, much broader than pronotum, with sides very slightly narrowed towards broad humerus (Figs 3, 8, 11, 26, 29, 36, 38, 41), in lateral and frontal or caudal views markedly convex towards disc, such that hind body is almost circular in cross-section (Figs 9, 13, 14, 21, 28, 30, 37, 39, 40, 42). Basal border absent from base of 5th stria inwards (Fig. 11). Parascutellar stria abbreviated, connected with the first stria, parascutellar tactile seta present, situated at base of second stria (Fig. 11). Striae 1-9 slightly impressed in anterior 4/5 but markedly accented by rows of large and deeply engraved punctures (Figs 3, 8 - 11, 21, 29, 36, 41); punctures gradually less deep from anterior 1/9 towards base and posterior quarter towards apex, latter smooth beside the deeply engraved 1st and 8th striae, with recurrent stria absent and subapical setiferous pore  “isolated” (the seventh and the internally adjacent striae are invisible) (Figs 2, 21); intervals convex on elytral disc, flat near elytral base and apex. Three discal setae present on each elytron; all are connected to the third stria, with anterior one located near end of anterior elytral 5th, second located slightly anterior of elytral middle, and posterior one located slightly posterior of elytral 2/3 (Figs 9, 11). Umbilicate series consists of eight setae distinctly separated into three groups (Fig. 14): humeral group (four setae, with posterior one slightly more distant than setae 1-3), medial group (two setae, located distinctly behind elytral middle), subapical group (two setae). Elytral subapical plica present (Fig. 21). Hindwings fully developed. Mesoventrite and metaventrite near anterior margin coarsely punctate (Figs 12, 22); mesocoxal cavities conjunct; mesepimeron wide, metanepisternum long and slender, external lobe of metepimeron well developed (Fig. 22).</p><p>Legs moderately robust, short (Fig. 12). Protibia with antenna cleaner anisochaetous Grade B (Hlavac 1971), with basal portion of cleaning channel flat, extending basad far beyond insertion of the clip setae, and with insertion of posterior spur very slightly distad of that of the clip setae (Figs 24, 25); protibial external surface smooth, without longitudinal groove, and with apicolateral surface obliquely excised (Fig. 23). Basal protarsomeres of males not dilated, not uniquely dentate (Fig. 23). Fifth tarsomeres of all legs ventrally smooth, without setae. Mesocoxa with one seta at external margin; metacoxae laterally not extended to elytral epipleuron, trisetose, with both the external setae distinctly removed from the coxal ridge; metatrochanter with a single seta (Fig. 22).</p><p>Abdomen: Smooth beside primary setation: segments IV-VI with a single, VII with two pairs of setae near apical margin (Fig. 2).</p><p>Male genitalia: Shape of the parameres of  Trechitae type, nearly symmetrical, in general structure similar to parameres of  Patrobini, markedly large, each with a long and slender apical apophysis which is more strongly sclerotized on its internal margin, with a large and almost discoidal middle portion, and with a heavily sclerotized basal portion (Figs 32a-d, 35a); chaetotaxy and membranous parts (e.g., those which probably connect apical and medial portions of the parameres externally) not recognizable. Median lobe moderately long and slender, in lateral view slightly sinusoidal in apical third (Figs 32a, 33, 34a), in dorsal view with its distal portion very slightly bent to the right (Figs 32c, d, 34b); apical lamella well-developed, almost as broad as median lobe. Dorsal surface of median lobe completely open: basal and apical ostia broadly connected across the dorsal median lobe surface, with separated lateral lobes of median lobe basal bulb (Figs 32b, c).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The generic name compounds the geographical term  “Balticum” which is the origin of the amber where the new fossil lineage is preserved, and the Latin verb  “celare” (concealing), and therewith refers to the specific circumstance that an odd lineage of ground beetles is hidden in Baltic amber.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A191FCB25DAC59529608DB0F1FA27E5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Schmidt, Joachim;Scholz, Stephan;Maddison, David R.	Schmidt, Joachim, Scholz, Stephan, Maddison, David R. (2021): Balticeler kerneggeri gen. nov., sp. nov., an enigmatic Baltic amber fossil of the ground beetle subfamily Trechinae (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68 (1): 207-224, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.66181, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.66181
