identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
4D128788FF864A2EAFD78B5AFB50F833.text	4D128788FF864A2EAFD78B5AFB50F833.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Magnolia quetzal A. Vazquez, Veliz & Tribouillier 2013	<div><p>Magnolia quetzal A.Vázquez, Véliz &amp; Tribouillier, sp. nov. (Fig. 1)</p> <p>Type:— GUATEMALA. Quiché: Municipio Chajul, Finca La Perla, 1585 m, 15°36'22.1907" N, 91°6'45.7700"W, en bosque nuboso dominado por Pseudolmedia glabrata y Guatteria grandiflora, 7 October 2012 (fl &amp; fr), Tribouillier &amp; Pedro 664 (holotype BIGU, isotype IBUG).</p> <p>Diagnosis: —In terms of leaf size and low carpel number, it is similar to M. morii (Lozano-Contreras (1994: 113) Govaerts in Frodin &amp; Govaerts (1996: 71), from Panama and Costa Rica; however, it differs from the latter in having much larger flowers (3.4–3.8 versus 1.3 cm), thinner leaf blades (chartaceous and acute at the base versus coriaceous and cuneate at the base), usually longer petioles (2.5–5.0 versus 3.0– 3.5 cm), greater number of stamens (42 versus 24), larger fruits (7.0–7.5 × 3.2–3.5 versus 3.8 × 0.9 cm) and larger number of carpels (8–10 versus 6).</p> <p>Trees (5–) 8–20 m, 15–48(–80) cm diameter, twig internodes (0.40–)1.70–2.30 × 0.25–0.40 cm, glabrous; leaf blades (7.5–)15.0–20.0 × 6.9–8.1 cm, elliptic to lanceolate, occasionally obovate, acute at the base, apex usually acute, occasionally obtuse and rarely emarginate, glabrous at both surfaces, chartaceous; petioles 2.5–5.0 × 0.1–0.7 cm, glabrous, secondary nerves 8–9; flower length 3.4–3.8 cm; sepals 3, oblong-obovate, concave, gradually attenuate at base, the base 0.6 cm wide; petals 6, 3.4–3.8 × 1.9–2.0 cm, obovate, concave, abruptly attenuate at base, the bases 0.4–0.5 cm wide, white to pinkish; gynoecium 2.10 × 1.25 cm, white, with glabrous beaked carpels; stamens 42, 7.5 × 1.9–2.0 mm, linear, obtuse at the apex; fruit 7.0–7.5 × 3.2–3.5 cm, green, glabrous, fruit axis 3.4–4.7 × 0.9 cm; carpels 8–10, 3.5–4.5 × 1.1–1.6 cm, beaked, glabrous, vshaped after dehiscence, lateral walls wing-like, extending horizontally; seeds 10.0–11.0 × 5.5–6.0 mm, prismatic-triangular, covered with a scarlet red sarcotesta, dark maroon to black without sarcotesta, opaque.</p> <p>Phenology:— Flowering from March to April and fruiting in May, occasional flowers and fruits may occur during the summer (June–August) and early autumn (September–October).</p> <p>Distribution ecology, ethnobotany and conservation status:—Known only from Quiché, Mpio. Chajul (Fig. 2), growing between 1300 and 2100 m, in bosque nuboso (cloud forest) with Hieronyma oblonga Müll.Arg., Alfaroa guatemalensis (Standl.) L.O.Williams &amp; Ant.Molina, Pseudolmedia glabrata (Liebm.) C.C.Berg, Vochysia guatemalensis Standl., Persea spp., Guatteria grandiflora Donn.Sm., Cyathea divergens var. tuerckheimii (Maxon) R.M.Tryon and Geonoma undata Klotsch. Magnolia quetzal seems to be confined to an area of 4 km 2, within communal forests; however, it should be looked for in the neighboring Visis Cabá Biosphere Reserve. The species has an aggregated pattern. Germination takes nearly 40 days, and the pattern of its density includes a) seedlings 104/ha, b) saplings 28/ha and c) adult trees 26/ha, the later&gt; 10 cm dbh. This species is locally known as “limoncillo” and is largely used for firewood. The species is threatened due to forest conversion to agriculture; it is currently being propagated at the Finca-Panchita Nursery in Chajul to aid in reforestation with native species.</p> <p>Eponymy:— The epithet refers to the spectacular national bird of Guatemala, a species of trogon highly regarded among Mesoamerican cultures by pre-Columbian Quiche Mayas, in a region where this tree species is endemic; coincidently, this Magnolia species shares the three basic colors of quetzal feathers: green (fruit and leaves), white (petals and sepals) and red (sarcotesta of seeds). In addition, the name also refers to the son of the first author, Antonio Quetzalcóatl Vázquez González.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined:— GUATEMALA. Quiché: Mpio. Chajul, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.11125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.605271" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.11125/lat 15.605271)">Finca La Perla</a>, 15°36'18.9752" N, 91°6'40.5209"W, 1643 m elevation, 21 March 2009 (fl), Tribouillier 355 (BIGU); same locality, 1600 m elevation, 15°36'18.9756" N, 91°6'40.5180"W, 21 March 2009 (fl), Tribouillier &amp; Pedro 332, 339 (BIGU); same locality, 2 May 2009 (fr), Tribouillier &amp; Pedro 549 (BIGU).</p> <p>Notes: —Using the key provided below, M. quetzal can be identified within the context of other oligocarpic (10 carpels or less) species of section Talauma subsection Talauma in Mesoamerica: M. cochranii A.Vázquez (2012: 96), from Honduras; M. chiriquiensis A.Vázquez (2012: 94) from Panama, and M. morii from Panama (Fig. 2). Magnolia quetzal has the largest fruits (7.0– 7.5 cm) in this group.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D128788FF864A2EAFD78B5AFB50F833	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vázquez-García, J. Antonio;Véliz-Pérez, Mario Esteban;Tribouillier-Navas, Erick;Muñiz-Castro, Miguel A.	Vázquez-García, J. Antonio, Véliz-Pérez, Mario Esteban, Tribouillier-Navas, Erick, Muñiz-Castro, Miguel A. (2013): Magnolia quetzal and Magnolia mayae, a new species and a new record, respectively, for the flora of Guatemala. Phytotaxa 76 (1): 1-6, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.76.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.76.1.1
4D128788FF834A2BAFD78F7FFDACF8D3.text	4D128788FF834A2BAFD78F7FFDACF8D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Magnolia mayae A. Vazquez & Farrera.	<div><p>Magnolia mayae A.Vázquez &amp; Farrera. Botanical Sciences 90: 109–112, 2012. (Fig. 3).</p> <p>TYPE: — MÉXICO. Chiapas: Municipio Trinitaria, carretera <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.5595&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.109362" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.5595/lat 16.109362)">Tziscao-las Nubes</a>, 16 06 33.7N, 91 33 34.2W, 1079 m, 11/ 11/208 (fr), Martínez Meléndez 2480 (holotype HEM, isotypes MO, IBUG).</p> <p>Specimen examined:— GUATEMALA. Huehuetenango: Nentón, San José Nueva Frontera, Aldea, cafetal con sombra, bosque cercano y al E de la Aldea, 16°03'50"N, 91°01'03"W, 960 m, 10 dic 2006, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.0175&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.063889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.0175/lat 16.063889)">Soto</a> 1502 (MO, USCG).</p> <p>Magnolia mayae, with dorsal dehiscence and non-evident stipular scar on the petiole, belongs to Magnolia section Magnolia; it is only known from Chiapas, México, and Huehuetenenago, Guatemala. It grows in moist forests, locally isolated in Chiapas, and abundant in Huehuetenengo; it should be looked for in other neighboring areas of Guatemala.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D128788FF834A2BAFD78F7FFDACF8D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vázquez-García, J. Antonio;Véliz-Pérez, Mario Esteban;Tribouillier-Navas, Erick;Muñiz-Castro, Miguel A.	Vázquez-García, J. Antonio, Véliz-Pérez, Mario Esteban, Tribouillier-Navas, Erick, Muñiz-Castro, Miguel A. (2013): Magnolia quetzal and Magnolia mayae, a new species and a new record, respectively, for the flora of Guatemala. Phytotaxa 76 (1): 1-6, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.76.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.76.1.1
