taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C1807EFFEC220FA9FDF948FEB5FE0E.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Megalofaciatus foliotibialis Taszakowski, Kim & Herczek sp. nov. Diagnosis. Distinguished by the vertical, flattened head, impunctate but wrinkled, at least two times as high as wide, dorsally protruding over the level of the highest point of pronotum; vertex protruding above eye level, width clearly smaller than eye width; labium reaching first abdominal segment; calli strongly swollen and glossy, with few punctures; pronotum large, anterior and posterior lobes distinctly separated, posterior part strongly convex, posterior part and pleurites of thorax with large, deep and dense punctures, posterior margin convex; scutellum strongly tumid; hemelytra hyaline, with sparse punctures, sparsely covered with brown setae; midfemur with four and hindfemur with five trichobothria; tarsi three-segmented. Description. Male. Body elongate (Fig. 1 A). Head: in frontal view: impunctate but wrinkled, height more than two times width, widest at the level of fovea antennalis, vertex protruding above eye level, frons strongly elongated dorso-ventrally, with a distinct longitudinal furrow at middle, extending from the point slightly below lower edge of eye to half its height, sides of the head concave at the base of the eyes, mandibular plate narrow, descending sharply to the base of the clypeus, maxillar plate not visible from the front, concave, fovea antennalis located significantly below the lower rim of the eyes on the posterior part of the maxillar plate, clypeus short, not protruding beyond the plane of the frons. lateral edges of the head with long, protruding setae (Figs 1 B, C); in lateral view: short, strongly protruding over pronotal collar, exceeding over the highest point of pronotum; antennae cylindrical, segments I and II thick, segments III and IV thin; labium exceeding hindcoxae, second labial segment longest (Fig. 1 B). Pronotal collar with a row of punctures; calli glossy, clearly swollen, separated by a shallow groove, with few small and weak punctures; posterior part of pronotum distinctly punctate, pronotal angle carinate, posterior margin convex; scutellum heart-shaped, with small punctures, strongly tumid, baso-medially depressed; thoracic pleura distinctly punctate (Fig. 1 B); evaporatory area triangular, margins straight; ostiolar peritreme small, strongly convex; legs moderately thick and long; midfemur with four (Fig. 2 A), hindfemur with five trichobothria (Fig. 2 B, C); hindtibia strongly modified, leaf-shaped (Fig. 2 F); tarsi three-segmented (Fig. 2 D), claws without apical tooth (Fig. 2 E). Abdomen covered with long setae. Genitalia: genital segment with scythe-shaped parameres; left paramere almost as long as right paramere, the sensory lobe of left paramere thicker than that of right one; sensory lobe of left paramere with several long setae, apical process elongate (Fig. 3 A); right paramere with knee-shaped sensory lobe (Fig. 3 B); endosoma sacciform and membranous (Figs. 3 C). Female: Unknown. Remarks. Affiliation of Megalofaciatus to the Gigantometopini is clearly confirmed by the following features: compound eyes relatively small, significantly separated from each other, pronotum elongate and at least in part deeply punctate, calli separated by fossa, pronotal collar demarcated by a row of punctures and inflated scutellum (Herczek 1993, Yasunaga et al. 2017). Until now, it was believed that Gigantometopini possess five or six trichobothria on both midfemur and hindfemur (Yasunaga et al. 2017, Taszakowski et al. 2020). However, the described genus is characterised by the presence of four trichobothria on midfemur and five trichobothria on hindfemur. Therefore, it seems that the number of trichobothria on midfemur is more varied in this tribe, ranging from four to six. The newly described genus is very characteristic and difficult to confuse with other genera of the tribe, from which it is clearly distinguished by the set of features mentioned in the diagnosis. Megalofaciatus is the second largest member of the tribe, with only the single known specimen of Gigantometopus rossi Schwartz & Schuh, 1990 being larger (Schwartz & Schuh 1990). The most distinctive feature of genus is the shape of the head. Its height is more than two times width, and in the front view, it is clearly concave at the level of the lower edge of the eyes. Strongly modified, leaf-shaped hindtibia of Megalofaciatus foliotibialis are a completely new and surprising feature at the tribal, subfamily, and even family level. Etymology. Combined from Latinized from Greek adjective μεγάλε — “ big ” and Latin word facies — “ face ”; gender masculine.	en	Taszakowski, Artur, Kim, Junggon, Damken, Claas, Wahab, Rodzay A., Herczek, Aleksander, Jung, Sunghoon (2021): A remarkable new genus and two new species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Brunei. Zootaxa 4970 (1): 171-181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4970.1.9
03C1807EFFE9220EA9FDFE5CFDB1FC22.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Recognised by the head height 2.2 times the width; vertex as wide as four times minimal distance between eyes (in frontal view); frons pale with longitudinal dark stripes; antennal segment II mostly pale, the apical part dark, and as long as 1.23 times segment III.	en	Taszakowski, Artur, Kim, Junggon, Damken, Claas, Wahab, Rodzay A., Herczek, Aleksander, Jung, Sunghoon (2021): A remarkable new genus and two new species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Brunei. Zootaxa 4970 (1): 171-181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4970.1.9
03C1807EFFE9220EA9FDFE5CFDB1FC22.taxon	description	Description. Male. Dorsum partly dark and pale brown, glossy, covered by erect, long and shiny, silvery setae (Figs 1 A, B). Head: pale with reddish compound eyes, dark ocelli, and dark longitudinal stripes, height 2.2 times width; vertex pale brown, tinged with reddish, slightly concave between ocelli, four times as wide as minimal distance between eyes (in frontal view) (Fig. 1 C); frons pale with a total of four longitudinal dark stripes; gena pale brown (Figs 1 B, C); antennae mostly brown and cylindrical; segment I dirty yellow, segment II brown, with apical part dark brown, segments III and IV yellowish brown; the proportion of antennal segments 0.18: 1.55: 1.26: 0.45; labium mostly brown and shiny, reaching abdominal segment II; segment I reddish-brown; apical part of segment III yellowish-brown; apical part of segment IV brown except yellow-brown apex (Fig. 1 B); the proportion of labial segments 0.70: 0.71: 0.55: 0.66. Thorax: pronotum mostly dark brown with silvery setae at the middle, anterior part mostly overlapping with calli region, separated by depressed punctures, posterior part paler to posterior margin and deeply punctate; calli region dark brown and glossy with few punctures; mesoscutum dark brown, depressed; scutellum brown, with apex pale and small dense punctures; pleura dark brown and glossy, with dense punctures (Fig. 1 B); ostiolar peritreme ivory, evaporative area dark brown (Fig. 1 B). Hemelytron: mostly hyaline with dark punctures and brownish veins; corium covered with brown setae originating from within punctures; claval and R + M veins with densely dark punctures; embolial margin clear, with short, sparse setae, inner and outer margin with tiny dark punctures posteriorly; cuneus semitransparent, dirty yellow; membrane transparent with two dark cells. Legs: coxae brown; forefemur pale with a brownish base, an annulation on distal third, and a reddish apex; foretibia brown, with apical part pale; foretarsus brown; midfemur pale brown with brown annulation subapically, tinged with reddish at apex; midtibia brown, tinged with reddish basally, paler apically; midtarsus brown; hindleg mostly dark brown, hindfemur mostly reddish dark brown except pale basal part; hindtibia reddish dark brown except for the pale apical part, broadly developed, leaf-shaped, narrowing apically; hindtarsus brown (Fig. 1 A). Abdomen: brown, covered with golden setae (Fig. 1 B). Genitalia: left paramere scythe-shaped, with a long, vertically curved hypophysis and a broad sensory lobe, hypophysis tapered to the apex and as thick as neck diameter, sensory lobe with long, sparse setae; right paramere scythe-shaped, hypophysis thin and rounded apically, sensory lobe as broad as two times neck diameter (Figs. 3 A, B); endosoma membranous, membrane part with small spinules (Fig. 3 C). Female. Unknown. Measurements: given in Table 1 and 2.	en	Taszakowski, Artur, Kim, Junggon, Damken, Claas, Wahab, Rodzay A., Herczek, Aleksander, Jung, Sunghoon (2021): A remarkable new genus and two new species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Brunei. Zootaxa 4970 (1): 171-181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4970.1.9
03C1807EFFE9220EA9FDFE5CFDB1FC22.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Adjective derived from Latin noun folium — “ leaf ” and tibia — “ leg ”.	en	Taszakowski, Artur, Kim, Junggon, Damken, Claas, Wahab, Rodzay A., Herczek, Aleksander, Jung, Sunghoon (2021): A remarkable new genus and two new species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Brunei. Zootaxa 4970 (1): 171-181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4970.1.9
03C1807EFFE9220EA9FDFE5CFDB1FC22.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Unknown.	en	Taszakowski, Artur, Kim, Junggon, Damken, Claas, Wahab, Rodzay A., Herczek, Aleksander, Jung, Sunghoon (2021): A remarkable new genus and two new species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Brunei. Zootaxa 4970 (1): 171-181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4970.1.9
03C1807EFFE9220EA9FDFE5CFDB1FC22.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype (♂): ’ Borneo, Brunei, Labu FR. / Mixed peat forest, highway transect / SLAM trap in canopy, ca. 7 - 10 m height / 13. xii. 2013; leg: C. Damken / N 4 ° 45 ’ 52 ” E 115 ° 9 ’ 58 ” // ID code: labu. 02000 ’. The holotype is deposited in the UBDM.	en	Taszakowski, Artur, Kim, Junggon, Damken, Claas, Wahab, Rodzay A., Herczek, Aleksander, Jung, Sunghoon (2021): A remarkable new genus and two new species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Brunei. Zootaxa 4970 (1): 171-181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4970.1.9
03C1807EFFEB2202A9FDFB1CFA44FE72.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Recognised by head height two times width; vertex two times minimal distance between eyes (in frontal view), frons mostly dark brown, the area near vertex and compound eye brown; antennal segment II mostly dark, with basolateral part brown, and length 0.94 times segment III.	en	Taszakowski, Artur, Kim, Junggon, Damken, Claas, Wahab, Rodzay A., Herczek, Aleksander, Jung, Sunghoon (2021): A remarkable new genus and two new species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Brunei. Zootaxa 4970 (1): 171-181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4970.1.9
03C1807EFFEB2202A9FDFB1CFA44FE72.taxon	description	Description. Male. Dorsum mostly dark brown, glossy, covered by erect, shiny, semi-transparent, silvery setae (Figs 4 A, B). Head: partly dark brown and yellowish-brown with reddish compound eyes, ocelli dark, height two times width; vertex brown, reddish brown near ocelli, slightly concave between ocelli, two times as wide as minimal distance between eyes (in frontal view) (Fig. 4 C); frons partly dark and yellowish-brown, the area near vertex and compound eyes yellowish-brown, others dark brown except for margin of gena; gena dark brown (Figs 4 B, C); antennae partly dark brown and yellow brown, cylindrical; segment I mostly yellowish-brown with dark margins; segment II mostly dark brown, basolateral part yellowish-brown; segment III brownish, with basal part pale; segment IV yellowish. Labium shiny, segments I to III pale brown; basal part of segment IV pale, apical part dark brown (Figs 4 A, B); the proportion of labial segments 0.72: 0.73: 0.62: 0.70. Thorax: pronotum entirely dark brown with silvery setae, anterior part mostly overlapping with calli region, separated by depressed punctures, posterior part deeply punctate; calli region glossy, laterally covered with silvery setae and a few small punctures; mesoscutum dark brown; scutellum dark brown, with apex pale and a few small punctures (Fig. 4 A); pleura mostly dark brown and glossy (Fig. 4 B); ostiolar peritreme pale, evaporative area dark brown (Fig. 4 B). Hemelytron: mostly hyaline with dark punctures and brownish veins, embolium whitish; corium covered with dark setae arising from punctures; claval and R + M veins densely dark punctures; embolial clear, inner and outer margin with tiny dark punctures posteriorly; cuneus semitransparent, brownish; membrane transparent with two dark cells. Legs: forecoxae brown; forefemur pale brown with a dark base and subapical annulation, tinged with reddish apically, foretibia mostly yellowish-brown with lateral spines, foretarsus yellowish-brown (Fig. 4 B); middle and hind legs missing. Abdomen: brown, covered with golden setae (Fig. 4 B). Genitalia: left paramere scythe-shaped, with a long, roundly curved hypophysis and broad sensory lobe, hypophysis tapered to apex, thicker than neck diameter, sensory lobe with long, sparse setae; right paramere scythe-shaped, hypophysis rounded apically, sensory lobe knee-shaped, thinner than two times neck diameter (Figs. 6 C, D); endosoma membranous with one sclerite near secondary gonopore, membrane with small spinules (Figs. 6 E, F). Female: Unknown. Measurements: given in Table 1 and 2.	en	Taszakowski, Artur, Kim, Junggon, Damken, Claas, Wahab, Rodzay A., Herczek, Aleksander, Jung, Sunghoon (2021): A remarkable new genus and two new species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Brunei. Zootaxa 4970 (1): 171-181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4970.1.9
03C1807EFFEB2202A9FDFB1CFA44FE72.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Megalofaciatus gibbosus is similar to M. foliotibialis; however, the set of characteristics given in the diagnosis makes it easy to distinguish these species. Unfortunately, the hind legs of the M. gibbosus are missing, and it is uncertain whether they are modified as with the previous species.	en	Taszakowski, Artur, Kim, Junggon, Damken, Claas, Wahab, Rodzay A., Herczek, Aleksander, Jung, Sunghoon (2021): A remarkable new genus and two new species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Brunei. Zootaxa 4970 (1): 171-181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4970.1.9
03C1807EFFEB2202A9FDFB1CFA44FE72.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Adjective derived from Latin gibbosus — “ humped ”.	en	Taszakowski, Artur, Kim, Junggon, Damken, Claas, Wahab, Rodzay A., Herczek, Aleksander, Jung, Sunghoon (2021): A remarkable new genus and two new species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Brunei. Zootaxa 4970 (1): 171-181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4970.1.9
03C1807EFFEB2202A9FDFB1CFA44FE72.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The described specimen was collected using canopy fogging of Shorea macrophylla (Dipterocarpaceae) by Stork (1991). The gigantometopine species Gigantometopus schuhi Akingbohungbe, 2012 was also collected on Shorea trees during this survey, but it is unknown whether the two species are ecologically linked.	en	Taszakowski, Artur, Kim, Junggon, Damken, Claas, Wahab, Rodzay A., Herczek, Aleksander, Jung, Sunghoon (2021): A remarkable new genus and two new species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Brunei. Zootaxa 4970 (1): 171-181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4970.1.9
03C1807EFFEB2202A9FDFB1CFA44FE72.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype (♂): ’ BRUNEI: / Bukit Sulang / nr Lamunin // N. E. Stork, fogging / 20. viii- 10. ix. 82 / B. M. 1982 - 388 // Tree 18: Shorea / macrophylla / Dipterocarp. ’. The holotype is deposited in the NHM.	en	Taszakowski, Artur, Kim, Junggon, Damken, Claas, Wahab, Rodzay A., Herczek, Aleksander, Jung, Sunghoon (2021): A remarkable new genus and two new species of the Gigantometopini (Hemiptera Heteroptera, Miridae, Isometopinae) from Brunei. Zootaxa 4970 (1): 171-181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4970.1.9
