taxonID	type	description	language	source
7C772B505935FFAAD995B355FE9AFD62.taxon	description	(Figures 1 – 86, Table 1) http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 52 CAD 12 D- 165 A- 470 D-BD 01 - 9589 DC 5 EFCB 6	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B505935FFAAD995B355FE9AFD62.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES. Chaerilus variegatus Simon, 1877	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B505935FFAAD995B355FE9AFD62.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. Total length 16 – 80 mm; trichobothrial pattern orthobothriotaxic tYpe B; pedipalp femur d 3 – d 4 trichobothrial axis angled toward dorsoexternal carina; patella with 3 ventral trichobothria, femur with 9 trichobothria (4 dorsal); cheliceral fixed finger with median and basal denticles flush on surface, not fused into bicusp; ventral margin of cheliceral movable finger crenulated, dorsal margin with single subdistal denticle; ventral surface of cheliceral fixed finger with 4 – 8 denticles; sternum, type 1, exhibiting subtle, wide horizontal compression; lateral eYes usuallY composed of 2 large major ocelli, eYespot present; maxillarY lobes I spatulate; hemispermatophore fusiform; ovariuterus 6 - celled, embrYonic development apoikogenic; lateral lYmphoid organs absent; stigmata oval or round; median denticle row (MD) of pedipalp chela finger arranged in oblique groups; pedipalp chela with 8 - carina configuration; legs without tibial spurs, but with prolateral and retrolateral pedal spurs; tarsi of legs with 2 – 4 rows of ventral setae and a median row of spinules; fifth metasomal segment with a single ventral carina; telson without subaculear tubercle; sclerotized cuticle of integument with weak or no autofluorescence emission under ultraviolet (UV) excitation.	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B505933FFA3DB49B575FD9CFAE4.taxon	description	(Figures 1 – 50, 84, Table 1) http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 8275997 C- 69 A 8 - 4494 - A 6 F 1 - ED 502 A 69 E 1 FF	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B505933FFA3DB49B575FD9CFAE4.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Thailand, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Khao Ma Rong Cave, 11.2021900 ° N 99.4946250 ° E, 56 m a. s. l., FKCP. TYPE MATERIAL (FKCP). Thailand, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Khao Ma Rong Cave, 11.2021900 ° N 99.4946250 ° E, 56 m a. s. l. (Fig. 48), 19. VIII. 2018, 1 ♂ (holotYpe, 1770, Figs. 1, 3 – 4, 7 – 8, 15, 20 – 32, 44 – 47), leg. Peter Kautt, 1 ♀ (paratYpe, Figs. 2, 5 – 6, 9 – 14, 16 – 19, 33 – 43, 49 – 50, scorpion born 27. IX. 2020), leg. Britta & Mark Stockmann, 16 juvs. (paratYpes, Figs. 49 – 50, offspring of the female paratYpe 27. IX. 2020, still alive), bred bY F. Kovařík and M. Stockmann.	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B505933FFA3DB49B575FD9CFAE4.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. The specific epithet is a patronYm honoring Peter Kautt, the collector of the male holotYpe of the new species.	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B505933FFA3DB49B575FD9CFAE4.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS (♂ ♀). Total length 37 – 43 mm; two pairs of lateral eYes and one pair of median eYes; ventral surface of cheliceral fixed finger with 4 denticles; male differs from female in having pedipalp chela much narrower; chela length / width ratio ♂ 4.55, ♀ 2.88; movable finger of pedipalp with 11 imbricated rows of granules; fingers straight in both sexes; pedipalp chela with 7 – 8 carinae; pectinal tooth count ♂ 6, ♀ 4; carapace granulated sparselY in male, denselY in female; mesosomal tergites granulated, mainlY in the female; all sternites smooth without carinae and granules; metasoma I – III with 6 or 8 carinae, ventral carinae maY be absent.	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B505933FFA3DB49B575FD9CFAE4.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION. Total length ♂ 37 mm, ♀ 43 mm; color reddish orange to brown, maculose; chelicerae (Figs. 42 – 43) sparselY granulated dorsallY, Yellow and stronglY reticulate, anteriorlY black; male differs from female in having pedipalp chela much narrower with short fingers; chela length / width ratio ♂ 4.55, ♀ 2.88; male with larger pectines (Figs. 8 and 10); no sexual dimorphism in shape of metasoma and telson; trichobothrial pattern as shown in Figs. 23 – 29, measurements in Table 1. Carapace and mesosoma (Figs. 7 – 10). Carapace covered bY large granules in female, almost smooth in male; anterior margin of carapace weaklY concave; two well developed pairs of lateral eYes and one pair of median eYes present; mesosomal tergites irregularlY granulated in female, almost smooth in male; all sternites smooth without carinae and granulation; sternite V with smooth patch present; pectinal tooth count ♂ 6, ♀ 4. Metasoma and telson (Figs. 15 – 22). Metasoma I – II with 6 or 8 incomplete carinae, ventral carinae reduced or absent; metasoma IV with 8 carinae, metasoma V with 5 carinae; all carinae composed of sparse, large granules; intercarinal surfaces sparselY, irregularlY granulated, more so on lateral surfaces of all segments, and ventral surfaces of segment V; metasomal segments I – III ventrallY smooth; all segments verY sparselY hirsute; telson elongate, ampullate, smooth, verY sparselY hirsute. Pedipalps (Figs. 23 – 41). Pedipalp chela elongated in male, rather stout in female; movable finger with 11 and fixed finger with 10 imbricated rows of granules; chela with 7 or 8 carinae, smooth in male, partlY finelY granulated in female; carina on dorsoexternal surface of the manus maY be incomplete; dorsal and internal surfaces of chela with reticulate granulation patterns; patella with 5 – 6 smooth carinae, surfaces of patella smooth except internal surface which is finelY granulated; femur denselY granulated with 4 carinae. Legs (Figs. 11 – 14). Hirsute, without bristlecombs and carinae; femora and patellae granulated dorsallY, other surfaces smooth; tarsomeres with 4 rows of spiniform setae; spiniform seta formula of inner rows 6 – 7 / 7 – 8: 7 – 8 / 6 – 7: 7 – 8 / 8 – 9: 6 – 8 / 8 – 9; of outer rows 3 – 4 / 3 – 4 on all legs. Hemispermatophore (Figs. 44 – 47). Fusiform; distal lamina short, broad, weaklY tapered, apex rounded; capsule with distal carina weaklY sclerotized; sperm hemiduct delineated bY two thin, sclerotized carinae, of which the distal is longer, the basal shorter; trunk long, as broad as capsule. Measurements of right hemispermatophore (mm): distal lamina length 0.64, capsule length 0.72, trunk length 1.96, pedicel length 0.42, capsule width 0.63. Left hemispermatophore with shorter trunk, length 1.70. Karyotype (Fig. 84). Male holotYpe was analYzed. During metaphase I 59 bivalents were observed (Fig. 84), implYing that 2 n = 118. Chiasmata were not observed during meiosis. AFFINITIES. Chaerilus kautti sp. n. is reliablY distinguished from all other Chaerilus species bY the following unique combination of two characters: movable pedipalp finger with 11 imbricated granule rows; and pedipalp chela length / width ratio 4.55 in the male. A movable pedipalp finger with 11 (or 10 – 11) imbricated granule rows is also found in six other species of the genus (C. cimrmani Kovařík, 2012 from Thailand, C. hofereki Kovařík, 2014 from Vietnam, C. julietteae Lourenço, 2011 from Vietnam, C. neradorum Kovařík et al., 2018 from Thailand, C. robinsoni Hirst, 1911 from MalaYsia and Indonesia, and C. stockmannorum Kovařík et al., 2018 from Thailand). However, males of all of these species have a pedipalp chela length / width ratio between 1.84 (C. hofereki) and 3.13 (C. julietteae).	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B505933FFA3DB49B575FD9CFAE4.taxon	discussion	COMMENTS ON LOCALITIES AND LIFE STRATEGY. The tYpe localitY is located on an isolated karst mountain close to the eastern coast of Thailand, west of Bang Saphan. The entire mountain is clothed in primarY forest, but is surrounded bY cultivated farmland with mostlY oil palms and gumtrees. The tYpe localitY is close to two extensive caves, but C. kautti sp. n. does not appear to be associated with them. Climate conditions are warm and verY wet during the wet season from MaY to November, and slightlY cooler and drier during the drY season from December to April. Even during the drY season, the area is verY humid and water is alwaYs present. The male from 2018 was collected during heavY rain on a dark night, the female from 2019 on a drY night without wind during a new moon. The average temperatures on both nights were ca. 25 – 26 ° C with verY high humiditY. Both specimens were found at night on the ground, between leaf litter or sitting openlY on rocks. In captivitY, the scorpions concealed themselves under bark or in moss. The probablY do not excavate burrows, but instead shelter between rocks, or in wood and leaf litter in their habitat. Other scorpions observed in this habitat were Heterometrus cimrmani Kovařík, 2004, Lychas scutilus Koch 1845, and Liocheles australasiae Fabricius, 1775. An adult gravid female collected in 2019 gave birth in captivitY to 48 juveniles after 11 months.	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B50593AFFA0DB7FB3F7FBB8F877.taxon	description	(Figures 51 – 83, 85 – 86, Table 1) http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 808 FDFC- 2 B 57 - 4 BB 1 - 84 D 1 - 8 A 62 BE 6 B 63 F 6	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B50593AFFA0DB7FB3F7FBB8F877.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Laos, Champasak Province, FKCP. TYPE MATERIAL (FKCP). Laos, Champasak Province, 5. VIII. 2019, 1 ♂ (holotYpe, 1852, Figs. 51 – 55, 57 – 71, 80 – 83), 1 ♀ (paratYpe, damaged, Figs. 56, 72 – 79, scorpion born 15. VIII. 2020), leg. V. Fura, 14 juvs. (paratYpes, offspring of the female paratYpe 15. VIII. 2020, 2 nd ecdYsis 21. IX. 2020, 3 rd ecdYsis 20. X. 2020, still alive), bred bY F. Kovařík.	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B50593AFFA0DB7FB3F7FBB8F877.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin nominative, singular adjective pulcherrimus (masculine), a superlative of pulcher = beautiful, in reference to the colorful maculose patterns on the carapace, tergites, metasoma and telson of this diminutive species.	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B50593AFFA0DB7FB3F7FBB8F877.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS (♂ ♀). Total length 16 – 19 mm; two pairs of lateral eYes and one pair of median eYes; ventral surface of cheliceral fixed finger with 4 denticles; chela length / width ratio ♂ 2.57, ♀ 2.69; movable pedipalp finger with 8 imbricated granule rows; fingers straight in both sexes; pedipalp chela with 7 carinae; pectinal tooth count ♂ 4, ♀ 3; carapace and mesosoma granulated in both sexes; all sternites smooth without carinae and granules; metasoma I – IV with 6 or 8 carinae, ventral carinae reduced or absent.	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
7C772B50593AFFA0DB7FB3F7FBB8F877.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION. Total length ♂ 18.8 mm, ♀ 16.4 mm; color reddish orange to brown, maculose; chelicerae sparselY finelY granulated dorsallY, Yellow and stronglY reticulate, anteriorlY black; male differs from female in having pedipalp chela slightlY narrower with short fingers; chela length / width ratio ♂ 2.57, ♀ 2.69; male with larger pectines; no sexual dimorphism in shape of metasoma and telson; trichobothrial pattern as shown in Figs. 63 – 69, measurements in Table 1. Carapace and mesosoma (Figs. 54 – 55). Carapace covered bY large granules in both sexes; anterior margin of carapace almost straight; two well developed pairs of lateral eYes and one pair of median eYes present; mesosomal tergites irregularlY granulated, mainlY on tergite VII; all sternites smooth without carinae and granulation; sternite V with smooth patch indicated; pectinal tooth count ♂ 4, ♀ 3. Metasoma and telson (Figs. 56 – 60). Metasoma I – IV with 6 or 8 incomplete carinae, ventral carinae reduced to absent, dorsal carinae are composed of strong denticles; metasoma V with 5 carinae; intercarinal surfaces sparselY, irregularlY granulated, more so on lateral surfaces of all segments and ventral surfaces of segment V; all segments verY sparselY hirsute; telson elongate, ampullate, smooth, verY sparselY hirsute. Pedipalps (Figs. 63 – 79). Pedipalp chela rather stout with swollen manus mainlY in female; movable finger with 8 and fixed finger with 7 imbricated rows of granules; chela with 7 carinae, smooth in both sexes; dorsal and internal surfaces of chela with reticulate granulation patterns; patella with 4 – 5 smooth, reduced carinae, or carinae absent; surfaces of patella smooth except for internal surface which is sparselY granulated; femur denselY granulated with four incomplete carinae. Legs (Figs. 61 – 62). Hirsute, without bristlecombs and carinae; femora and patellae smooth; tarsomeres with two rows of spiniform setae; spiniform seta formula 5 – 6 / 5 – 7: 6 – 7 / 6 – 7: 7 – 8 / 7 – 8: 7 – 8 / 7 – 9. Hemispermatophore (Figs. 80 – 83). Fusiform; distal lamina short, broad, weaklY tapered, apex rounded; capsule with distal carina weaklY sclerotized; sperm hemiduct delineated bY two thin, sclerotized carinae, of which the distal is longer, the basal shorter; capsule elongate, ca. 50 % longer than distal lamina; trunk long, as broad as capsule. Measurements of left hemispermatophore (mm): distal lamina length 0.35, capsule length 0.53, trunk length 1.10, pedicel length 0.22, capsule width 0.30. Right hemispermatophore similar to the left hemispermatophore. Karyotype (Figs. 85 – 86). Male holotYpe was analYzed. The diploid complement is 102 chromosomes in the mitotic metaphases (Fig. 85). During metaphase I, 51 bivalents were observed (Fig. 86), implYing that 2 n = 102. Chiasmata were not observed during meiosis. AFFINITIES. The described features distinguish C. pulcherrimus sp. n. from all other species of the genus. C. pulcherrimus sp. n. is similar to C. celebensis Pocock, 1894 (see keY in Kovařík & Ojanguren, 2013: 131 – 133). These two species can be differentiated bY pedipalp chela granulation. The chela has smooth carinae in C. pulcherrimus sp. n. (Fig. 63) vs. granulated carinae in C. celebensis (fig. 42 in Kovařík, 2019: 8). C. pulcherrimus sp. n. is reliablY distinguished from all other Chaerilus species bY the following unique combination of four characters: movable finger of pedipalp with 8 imbricated granule rows; total length 16 – 19 mm; pedipalp chela length / width ratio ♂ 2.57, ♀ 2.69; and sternite VII smooth. OnlY one other species of the genus was reported from Laos: C. laoticus Lourenço & Zhu, 2008. This species differs in having the male pedipalp chela verY narrow, with length / width ratio 4.0 – 4.2.	en	Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark, Šťáhlavský, František (2020): Two new Chaerilus from Thailand and Laos (Scorpiones: Chaerilidae). Euscorpius 324: 1-20, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4648882
