taxonID	type	description	language	source
03BC87DD9253BF38A959A45CD1EEF86F.taxon	description	Figs 1 − 6; Tables 1 − 3, 5	en	Hołyńska, Maria, Sługocki, Łukasz, Ghaouaci, Souad, Amarouayache, Mounia (2021): Taxonomic status of Macaronesian Eucyclops agiloides azorensis (Arthropoda: Crustacea: Copepoda) revisited - morphology suggests a Palearctic origin. European Journal of Taxonomy 750: 1-28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357
03BC87DD9253BF38A959A45CD1EEF86F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Paratypes PORTUGAL • 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂; Azores, Flores Island, nº 15245, Ribeira Funda; 20 Oct. 1971; Th. Monod leg.; MNHN Cp. 611. Other material ALGERIA • 4 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂; Tébessa, Ain-Kemellal; 35 ° 22 ′ 09.8 ″ N, 7 ° 34 ′ 51.3 ″ E; 903 m a. s. l.; 21 Apr. 2016; S. Ghaouaci leg.; salinity 4 − 7 ppt; surface area 1 ha; temporary pool; MIZ 1 / 2021 / 8 to 1 / 2021 / 13 • 3 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂ (mounted for SEM); same collection data as for preceding; MIZ. PORTUGAL • 3 ♀♀, 1 ♂; Madeira Island, Ribeira de São João, Stn 1; 32 ° 41 ′ 28.7 ″ N, 16 ° 56 ′ 05.8 ″ W; water depth 0.5 m; 16 Sep. 2019; Ł. Sługocki leg.; water temp. 20.2 ° C; pH 7.4; conductivity 88.1 μS / cm; dissolved oxygen 9.46 mg / L; stream, rock pool without macrophytes; transparent water; MIZ 1 / 2021 / 1 to 1 / 2021 / 4 • 1 ♀; Madeira Island, ponds SE hills, Stn 3; 32 ° 43 ′ 04.4 ″ N, 16 ° 54 ′ 08.0 ″ W; water depth 3 m; 26. Sep. 2019; Ł. Sługocki leg.; water temp. 15 ° C; pH 7.2; conductivity 55 μS / cm; dissolved oxygen 5.34 mg / L; old seminatural reservoir with macrophytes and algae; fresh water supply; MIZ 1 / 2021 / 5 • 1 ♀; Madeira Island, Ribeiro de Frio, Stn 3; 32 ° 44 ′ 19.6 ″ N, 16 ° 54 ′ 13.6 ″ W; water depth 0.05 m; 23 Sep. 2019; Ł. Sługocki leg.; water temp. 15.1 ° C; pH 7.8; conductivity 130 μS / cm; dissolved oxygen 8.98 mg / L; stream, large rock pools with macrophytes and algae; MIZ 1 / 2021 / 6 • 1 ♀; Madeira Island, Ribeira de Machico, Stn 2; 32 ° 44 ′ 09.3 ″ N, 16 ° 47 ′ 57.9 ″ W; water depth 0.1 m; 16 Sep. 2019; Ł. Sługocki leg.; water temp. 19.5 ° C; pH 7.7; conductivity 193 μS / cm; dissolved oxygen 7.91 mg / L; stream, small rock pools with dominance of algae and emergent macrophytes; MIZ 1 / 2021 / 7. Comparative material Eucyclops serrulatus NETHERLANDS • 2 ♀♀; Friesland, 4 km E of Leeuwarden, Tytsjerk municipality, park; 53 ° 12 ′ N, 5 ° 54 ′ E; 19 Nov. 2008; M. Hołyńska & P. Koomen leg.; pond shore; MIZ 1 / 2021 / 14 to 1 / 2021 / 15. POLAND • 1 ♀; Mazovian Voivodeship, Milanówek; 52 ° 07.45 ′ N, 20 ° 39.9 ′ E; 21 Aug. 2016; M. Hołyńska leg.; shallow pond with dense vegetation; MIZ 1 / 2021 / 18 • 1 ♀; West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Korytnica River; 53 ° 08.7 ′ N, 15 ° 52.5 ′ E; 2 Jun. 2016; M. Hołyńska leg.; river shore; MIZ 1 / 2021 / 19. SWEDEN • 2 ♀♀; Lund, Botanical Garden; 55 ° 42 ′ N, 13 ° 12 ′ E; 9 Nov. 2008; M. Hołyńska leg.; pond littoral; MIZ 1 / 2021 / 16 to 1 / 2021 / 17. UKRAINE • 2 ♀♀; Danube; V. I. Monchenko Collection; IZAN.	en	Hołyńska, Maria, Sługocki, Łukasz, Ghaouaci, Souad, Amarouayache, Mounia (2021): Taxonomic status of Macaronesian Eucyclops agiloides azorensis (Arthropoda: Crustacea: Copepoda) revisited - morphology suggests a Palearctic origin. European Journal of Taxonomy 750: 1-28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357
03BC87DD9253BF38A959A45CD1EEF86F.taxon	description	Description Female (character states are shared by all specimens examined, unless stated otherwise) HABITUS. Medium-sized Eucyclops, total body length ca 1 mm (Fig. 1 A) − comparison of morphometric characters among Azorean, Madeiran and Algerian populations shown in Table 1. Prosomal and urosomal somites often adorned with shallow pits (Fig. 1 B, D). Pediger 4 with fine hairs at posterolateral angle and small spinules on lateral margin (Figs 2 A, 3 A). Pediger 5 posterolaterally bearing long and robust hairs. Genital double-somite as long or slightly shorter than wide (Table 1). Single large copulatory pore oval shaped, located ventrally in anterior fifth of somite. Seminal receptacle as common in genus (cf. Fig. 8 B), anterior and posterior parts short in length, posterior part wider than anterior. Anal operculum nearly straight, anal sinus with 1 - 1 longitudinal row of spinules. Posterior margin of anal somite with continuous row of spinules. Caudal rami 3.5 − 6.0 times as long as wide (Defaye & Dussart 1991, see also Table 1 for interpopulation variation), no hairs on medial margin. ʻSerraʼ (longitudinal row of spinules) on lateral margin extending from insertion of anterolateral (II) caudal seta to anterior ⅓ − ⅕ of rami, more anterior spinules shifted to ventral surface and can be unnoticed in dorsal view (Fig. 1 C). Spinules present at insertion of posterolateral (III) caudal seta. Single pore present on ventral surface near lateral margin, slightly posterior to midpoint of ramus. Seta III with fine setules medially and short spinules laterally. Dorsal (VII) caudal seta shorter, while terminal accessory (VI) seta longer than posterolateral caudal seta (Table 1). ANTENNULE. 12 - segmented, extending slightly beyond cephalothorax. Setation formula as common in genus: 1 (I−V): 8 s; 2 (VI−VII): 4 s; 3 (VIII): 2 s; 4 (IX−XI): 6 s; 5 (XII−XIII): 4 s; 6 (XIV): 1 s + 1 sp; 7 (XV−XVI): 2 s; 8 (XVII−XX): 3 s; 9 (XXI−XXIII): 2 s + 1 ae; 10 (XXIV): 2 s; 11 (XXV): 2 s + 1 ae; 12 (XXVI−XXVIII): 7 s + 1 ae. Aesthetasc on segment 9 short (Fig. 2 B), 11 − 15 μm in length, not reaching beyond distal margin of segment. Aesthetasc on penultimate segment 30 − 34 μm long, almost reaching insertion of medial seta of segment 12. Segments 10 − 12 with smooth / finely serrate hyaline membrane. First antennulary segment bearing long spinules on ventral surface, spinules absent on other segments. Pits sometimes present on dorsal surface of more proximal antennulary segments (Fig. 1 D). Terminal segment 4.3 − 6.3 times as long as wide. ANTENNA. Composed of coxobasis and three-segmented endopodite, and bearing 3, 1, 9 and 7 setae, respectively. Exopodite seta reaching distinctly beyond enp 3, and bearing long setules proximally and short setules more distally (Fig. 2 C). Coxobasis (Figs 2 C, 3 B) caudally ornamented with: hair-like spinules on proximolateral margin; longitudinal double rows near lateral margin, spinules in distal row sometimes distinctly smaller than those in proximal row; few small spinules near insertion of exopodal seta; transverse row at height of insertion of medial setae; oblique row below insertion of medial setae; and one or more groups of tiny spinules more proximally in medial half of segment. Spinules absent near distal margin. Frontal surface of antennal coxobasis (Figs 2 D, 3 C) with longitudinal row of spinules (6 − 15) along lateral margin and one or two oblique rows of long spinules and small spinules near proximal margin. Long hair-like spinules absent on distal and mediodistal margin. MOUTHPARTS. Labrum (cf. Fig. 8 G). Distal margin with 9 − 12 teeth (some of those tiny), small spinules present on laterodistal lobes. Distal fringe hairs arranged in 1 - 1 group. Tiny spinules present on lateral margin at height of posterior end of epistoma in Madeiran and Algerian females − this character could not be verified in paratype specimens. Paragnaths with 4 (3 + 1) medial claws, as common in Cyclopidae. Mandible (Fig. 2 E) with palp bearing two long and one short setae. Near palp transverse row of long spinules and smaller spinules arranged in oval pattern present on anterior surface of coxal gnathobase. Maxillule setation as common in Cyclopidae. Maxillulary palp (Figs 1 E, 2 F) naked, with one proximal and three apical setae, lateral lobe bearing three setae. Armature of maxilla (cf. Fig. 9 D−E) as common 1. = body length (μm); 2. = cephalothorax, length / width; 3. = genital double-somite, length / width; 4. = length of prosome / length of urosome; 5. = length of caudal seta V / length urosome; 6. = P 5, length of medial spine / length of segment; 7. = P 5, length of apical seta / length of segment; 8. = P 5, length of lateral seta / length of segment; 9. = caudal ramus, length / width; 10. = length of caudal seta II / length of caudal ramus; 11. = distance of insertion of caudal seta II, measured from posterior end of ramus / length of caudal ramus; 12. = caudal setae, VII / III; 13. = caudal setae, VI / III; 14. = caudal setae, V / III; 15. = caudal setae, IV / III; 16. = length of caudal seta VI / length of caudal ramus; 17. = length of caudal seta V / length of caudal ramus; 18. = length of caudal seta IV / length of caudal ramus; 19. = length of caudal seta III / length of caudal ramus; 20. = P 4, length of coxopodite seta / height of medial expansion of basipodite; 21. = P 4 enp 3, length / width; 22. = P 4 enp 3, medial terminal spine / lateral terminal spine; 23. = P 4 enp 3, medial terminal spine / segment length. in Eucyclops, endopodite 2 - segmented. Praecoxopodite and coxopodite separated on caudal surface and partially fused on frontal surface. Spinules distinctly large (cf. Fig. 9 E, marked with arrow) or sometimes small near lateral margin of praecoxopodite on caudal surface. Armature of maxilliped (cf. Fig. 9 F−G) as common in Eucyclops, arthrodial membrane between terminal endopodal segment and its medialmost seta failed to form. Spinules on caudal surface of basipodite arranged in two transverse rows. Small flaplike structure present on frontal surface near lateral margin of syncoxopodite (cf. Fig. 9 G, marked with arrow); tiny spinules on edge of flap observed in Madeiran and Algerian specimens. Frontal surface of syncoxopodite sometimes (some Madeiran and Algerian specimens) adorned with one or two rows of fine spinules, near flap-like structure. P 1 − P 4. Setation as common in Eucyclops (Table 2). P 1 intercoxal sclerite (Figs 1 F, 4 A−B) frontally naked or with few short spinules. P 2 − P 4 intercoxal sclerites with spinules arranged in 1 - 1 group on frontal surface; spinules hair-like in P 2 and short in P 3 and P 4. Intercoxal sclerite caudally bearing single transverse row of short spinules in middle of segment in P 1, and hairlike spinules in two or three transverse rows in P 3 − P 4. Intercoxal sclerite caudally naked or bearing one or two transverse rows of spinules (or hairs) in P 2. Free margin of P 4 intercoxal sclerite naked (Fig. 3 D) or sparsely pilose (Fig. 4 C) in middle section. P 1 − P 3 coxopodite setae homonomously setulose (long and fine setules in P 1, short and spinule-like setules in P 2 − P 3). P 4 coxopodite seta heteronomously setulose. Proximal setules sometimes distinctly longer than those more distally; medial (inner) margin with continuous setulation, while on lateral (outer) margin setules proximally missing or discontinuous (‘ gaps’), or sometimes continuous (Madeira, Ribeiro de Frio). Spinule pattern on caudal surface of P 4 coxopodite (Figs 3 D, 4 C) as common in genus; number of spinules 8 − 14 in transverse row along distal margin, lateralmost spinule the longest one. Basipodite medially pilose in P 1 − P 4 (Figs 3 D, 4 A, C), hairs long and fine in P 1 − P 3, and shorter and thick in P 4. Medial seta of P 1 basipodite heteronomously setulose (Fig. 4 A), bearing distinctly long setules on medial margin in proximal half, and shorter setules on lateral margin and more distal part of seta. With exception of P 1 exp 2, which is laterally pilose, all exopodal segments laterally naked (see P 4 exopodite in Fig. 3 D−E). Spatulate modification (relatively short and flattened setae, with short setules) of setae on terminal exopodal and endopodal segments of P 2 − P 4 sometimes occur (Madeira, Machico). Cuticle of inner, proximal margin of P 4 enp 2 (Figs 3 F, 4 C, marked with arrow) thicker than in other parts of P 4. None of setae of P 4 enp 3 reaching beyond tip of longer (medial) terminal spine. P 5 (Fig. 1 G). One-segmented with three appendages. Medial spine strong and about twice as long as segment (Table 1). Apical seta nearly as long or slightly longer (<1.5 ×) than medial spine, lateral seta slightly shorter but sometimes longer than medial spine. Small spinules present at insertion of medial spine. Male (Fig. 1 H) Only those features are mentioned, which differ from the corresponding character states in female. HABITUS. Total body length 0.69 − 0.95 mm (for morphometric data see Table 3). Pediger 4 and pediger 5 lacking posterolateral hairs. Length and width proportion of caudal rami 2.9 − 4.1. ʻSerraʼ absent on caudal rami (Fig. 1 I), yet spinules present at insertion of anterolateral and posterolateral caudal setae. ANTENNULE (Figs 1 J, 4 D). 16 - segmented. Setation formula of antennule: 1 (I−V): 8 s (incl. 2 modified brush setae) + 1 ae (distal); 2 (VI−VII): 4 s (incl. 1 brush seta); 3 (VIII): 2 s (incl. 1 brush seta); 4 (IX): 2 s (incl. 1 brush seta) + 1 ae; 5 (X): 2 s (incl. 1 brush seta); 6 (XI); 2 s; 7 (XII): 2 s; 8 (XIII): 2 s; 9 (XIV): 1 s + 1 sp + 1 ae; 10 (XV) 2 s; 11 (XVI) 2 s; 12 (XVII) 2 s; 13 (XVIII) 2 s + 1 ae; 14 (XIX−XX): 2 s + 1 small cone + 1 plate; 15 (XXI−XXIII): 1 s + 1 small cone + 2 plates + 1 ae; 16 (XXIV−XXV and XXVI−XXVIII): 4 s + 1 ae and 7 s + 1 ae. Aesthetascs on segment 1, 4, and 9 distinctly long: ~ 112 μm, 85 μm, and 61 μm, respectively (measured in Madeiran male). ANTENNA. Antennal coxobasis (Figs 1 K, 4 E−F): spinule ornamentation reduced on caudal surface in medial half of segment (Fig. 4 E). MOUTHPARTS. Maxillar praecoxopodite, caudal surface: spinules absent near lateral margin. LEGS. P 4 intercoxal sclerite naked frontally and sparsely pilose on caudal surface (Fig. 4 G). Cuticle of inner, proximal margin of P 4 enp 2 not thicker than in other parts of P 4. Setae of P 4 enp 3 usually not reaching beyond tip of longer (medial) terminal spine – in male from Madeira, setae reached slightly beyond tip of corresponding spine. Leg 6 with three appendages: medial spine 36 − 48 μm long, not reaching posterior margin of succeeding urosomal somite (Azores, Madeira) or extending slightly beyond it (Algeria); median seta 27 − 32 μm; and lateral seta 34 − 40 μm (length proportions in Table 3).	en	Hołyńska, Maria, Sługocki, Łukasz, Ghaouaci, Souad, Amarouayache, Mounia (2021): Taxonomic status of Macaronesian Eucyclops agiloides azorensis (Arthropoda: Crustacea: Copepoda) revisited - morphology suggests a Palearctic origin. European Journal of Taxonomy 750: 1-28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357
03BC87DD9253BF38A959A45CD1EEF86F.taxon	distribution	Geographic distribution (Fig. 5) Azores (widely distributed in Santa Maria, Terceira, Pico, Faial and Flores islands − see Defaye & Dussart 1991), Madeira and North Africa (Algeria, Tébessa and Souk-Ahras Provinces).	en	Hołyńska, Maria, Sługocki, Łukasz, Ghaouaci, Souad, Amarouayache, Mounia (2021): Taxonomic status of Macaronesian Eucyclops agiloides azorensis (Arthropoda: Crustacea: Copepoda) revisited - morphology suggests a Palearctic origin. European Journal of Taxonomy 750: 1-28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357
03BC87DD9253BF38A959A45CD1EEF86F.taxon	biology_ecology	Habitats (Fig. 6) Fresh and brackish, both temporary and permanent waterbodies: rock pools in creek (river) bed, ponds, reservoirs, rivers, creek marshes, livestock water troughs, and fishponds. 1. = body length (μm); 2. = cephalothorax, length / width; 3. = genital double-somite, length / width; 4. = length of prosome / length of urosome; 5. = length of caudal seta V / length urosome; 6. = P 5, length of medial spine / length of segment; 7. = P 5, length of apical seta / length of segment; 8. = P 5, length of lateral seta / length of segment; 9. = caudal ramus, length / width; 10. = length of caudal seta II / length of caudal ramus; 11. = distance of insertion of caudal seta II, measured from posterior end of ramus / length of caudal ramus; 12. = caudal setae, VII / III; 13. = caudal setae, VI / III; 14. = caudal setae, V / III; 15. = caudal setae, IV / III; 16. = length of caudal seta VI / length of caudal ramus; 17. = length of caudal seta V / length of caudal ramus; 18. = length of caudal seta IV / length of caudal ramus; 19. = length of caudal seta III / length of caudal ramus; 20. = P 4, length of coxopodite seta / height of medial expansion of basipodite; 21. = P 4 enp 3, length / width; 22. = P 4 enp 3, medial terminal spine / lateral terminal spine; 23. = P 4 enp 3, medial terminal spine / segment length; 24. = P 6, length of median seta / length of medial spine; 25. = P 6, length of lateral seta / length of medial spine.	en	Hołyńska, Maria, Sługocki, Łukasz, Ghaouaci, Souad, Amarouayache, Mounia (2021): Taxonomic status of Macaronesian Eucyclops agiloides azorensis (Arthropoda: Crustacea: Copepoda) revisited - morphology suggests a Palearctic origin. European Journal of Taxonomy 750: 1-28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357
03BC87DD925EBF23A960A736D151FE37.taxon	description	Figs 7 − 11; Tables 4 − 5	en	Hołyńska, Maria, Sługocki, Łukasz, Ghaouaci, Souad, Amarouayache, Mounia (2021): Taxonomic status of Macaronesian Eucyclops agiloides azorensis (Arthropoda: Crustacea: Copepoda) revisited - morphology suggests a Palearctic origin. European Journal of Taxonomy 750: 1-28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357
03BC87DD925EBF23A960A736D151FE37.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype TANZANIA • ♀ (undissected); Lake Victoria, Bukoba [Musila?] island (locality information is from Sars 1909); 1 ° 19.9 ′ S, 31 ° 48.7 ′ E; 25 (?) Apr. 1905; W. A. Cunnington, Third Tanganyika exped.; labelled as “ Cyclops agiloides GOS, 269, Vict. Nyanza 437, Typical specimen, Type, ♀, 1909.6.24.303 ”; NHM. Paratypes TANZANIA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; labelled as “ Cyclops agiloides GOS, 437, 269 Vict. Nyanza, Syntype, Anatomy, ♀, 1909.6.24.300 ”; body parts were re-embedded in glycerine after solving the old (likely Hoyer) mounting medium in water; NHM. ZAMBIA • 1 ♀ (undissected); Lake Tanganyika, Niamkolo [Kumbula] island; 8 ° 45.3 ′ S, 31 ° 5.9 ′ E; 19 Sep. 1904; W. A. Cunnington, Third Tanganyika exped.; labelled as “ Cyclops agiloides GOS, 437, Tanganyika 97, Syntype, ♀, 1909.6.24.302 ”; NHM. Collection data were retrieved from Sars (1909), information on the Sars collection deposited in Oslo Zoological Museum (Åse Ingvild Wilhelmsen, in litt. 21 June 2019), and a map showing the route of the W. A. Cunnington Expedition 1904 − 1905 in Lake Tanganyika, published by Karlsson & Karlsson (2019). Other material TANZANIA • 3 ♀♀; Lake Tanganyika, Kirando, river mouth; 7 ° 21.6 ′ S, 30 ° 36.6 ′ E; 1926; S. Pask leg.; identified as Eucyclops agiloides by R. Gurney, 1930 II 6 4 − 8; NHM. ♀ - 1 and ♀ - 2 were fully dissected, while in ♀ - 3 the antennule, antenna, the mouthparts and P 1 were removed from the corpus and embedded in glycerol medium, and rest of the body remained in ethyl-alcohol. Comparative material Eucyclops roseus CHINA • 2 ♀♀; Xinjiang-Uygur Autonomous Region, Bogda-Shan Mountain Range, Tianchi Lake; 43 ° 53.2 ′ N, 88 ° 7.95 ′ E; 2000 m a. s. l.; 1 Jun. − 1 Jul. 2011; E. S. Chertoprud, A. Y. Sinev and I. Dimante- Deimantovica leg.; MIZ 1 / 2021 / 23, MIZ 1 / 2021 / 24. IRAQ • 3 ♀♀; South Iraq, Al Salal marsh, 20 km NW of Basra; 30 ° 40 ′ N, 47 ° 36 ′ E; 24 Mar. 2012; S. D. Salman and M. Hołyńska leg.; lake shore; MIZ 5 / 2014 / 1 to 5 / 2014 / 3 • 2 ♀♀; Shatt al Arab River, Basra; 30 ° 31 ′ N, 47 ° 49 ′ E; 21 Mar. 2012; S. D. Salman and M. Hołyńska leg.; MIZ 5 / 2014 / 4, MIZ 1 / 2021 / 21. RUSSIA • 1 ♀; Siberia, Yakutia, Kobiyanskiy Ulus County, Anga River, Melnikov Island; 63 ° 51.9 ′ N, 127 ° 27.05 ′ E; 21 Aug. 2010; A. A. Kotov leg.; MIZ 1 / 2021 / 22. SUDAN • 1 ♀; Khartoum State; Oct. 2012 – Jul. 2013; G. M. Idris leg.; MIZ 1 / 2021 / 20. UKRAINE • 2 ♀♀; Arabatska Strilka [Arabat Spit], Strilkove Village; 45 ° 54 ′ N, 34 ° 52.8 ′ E; originally labelled as Eucyclops serrulatus; V. I. Monchenko collection; IZAN.	en	Hołyńska, Maria, Sługocki, Łukasz, Ghaouaci, Souad, Amarouayache, Mounia (2021): Taxonomic status of Macaronesian Eucyclops agiloides azorensis (Arthropoda: Crustacea: Copepoda) revisited - morphology suggests a Palearctic origin. European Journal of Taxonomy 750: 1-28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357
03BC87DD925EBF23A960A736D151FE37.taxon	description	1. = body length (μm); 2. = cephalothorax, length / width; 3. = genital double-somite, length / width; 4. = length of prosome / length of urosome; 5. = length of caudal seta V / length urosome; 6. = P 5, length of medial spine / length of segment; 7. = P 5, length of apical seta / length of segment; 8. = P 5, length of lateral seta / length of segment; 9. = caudal ramus, length / width; 10. = length of caudal seta II / length of caudal ramus; 11. = distance of insertion of caudal seta II, measured from posterior end of ramus / length of caudal ramus; 12. = caudal setae, VII / III; 13. = caudal setae, VI / III; 14. = caudal setae, V / III; 15. = caudal setae, IV / III; 16. = length of caudal seta VI / length of caudal ramus; 17. = length of caudal seta V / length of caudal ramus; 18. = length of caudal seta IV / length of caudal ramus; 19. = length of caudal seta III / length of caudal ramus; 20. = P 4, length of coxopodite seta / height of medial expansion of basipodite; 21. = P 4 enp 3, length / width; 22. = P 4 enp 3, medial terminal spine / lateral terminal spine; 23. = P 4 enp 3, medial terminal spine / segment length. Description Female HABITUS. Total body length 0.9 − 1.1 mm (for morphometric characters see Table 4). Pediger 4 and pediger 5 posterolaterally bearing long fine hairs and thick (spinule-like) hairs, respectively (Fig. 8 A−B) – pilosity of pediger 4 could only be verified in females from Kirando, Lake Tanganyika. Genital double-somite (Fig. 8 B) as long or slightly shorter than wide. Seminal receptacle as common in genus (Fig. 8 B), anterior and posterior parts short in length, posterior part wider than anterior, single large copulatory pore in anterior fifth of somite. Anal operculum (Fig. 8 D) nearly straight, anal sinus with longitudinal rows of hairs, posterior margin bearing continuous row of robust spinules. Caudal rami (Fig. 8 D) 4.0 − 6.0 times as long as wide, no hairs on medial margin. Serra extending from insertion of anterolateral (II) caudal seta to anterior ⅕ − ⅙ of rami. Seta II inserted in posterior ¼ − ⅕ of caudal ramus. Spinules present next to insertion of posterolateral (III) caudal seta. Relative length of caudal setae in Table 4. ANTENNULE. 12 - segmented, reaching middle length to posterior margin of pediger 2. Setation formula same as in E. azorensis. Aesthetasc (Fig. 7 A) on segment 9 short, ~ 12 μm in length, not reaching distal margin of segment. Segments 10 − 12 with smooth (very finely serrate) hyaline membrane. First antennular segment bearing spinules on ventral surface, spinules absent on other segment. Terminal antennulary segment 5.0 − 7.1 times as long as wide. ANTENNA. Composed of coxobasis and three-segmented endopodite, and bearing 3, 1, 9 and 7 setae, respectively. Exopodite seta reaching slightly (paratype, Lake Victoria) or distinctly (Kirando, Lake Tanganyika) beyond enp 3, proximal setules can be similar in length or distinctly longer than setules in distal section of seta (Figs 7 B, 8 F). Caudal surface ornamentation of antennal coxobasis (Figs 7 B, 8 E) with same groups of spinules as those in E. azorensis in lateral half of segment, except for additional group of spinules next to distal margin (group marked with arrow in Fig. 7 B). Medial half of segment with reduced ornamentation: few spinules sometimes present at height of insertion medial setae (Fig. 7 B), or below setae (Fig. 8 E). Frontal surface (Figs 7 C, 8 F) adorned with spinule-like hairs next to distal margin, hairs absent mediodistally, longitudinal / oblique row of spinules (8 − 13) along lateral margin, and oblique rows of large and small spinules near proximal margin. MOUTHPARTS. Labrum (Fig. 8 G) with naked epistoma, distal fringe hairs arranged in two groups, teeth acute on distal rim, obtuse lateral lobes with tiny spinules. Paragnaths (Fig. 8 H) bearing longitudinal rows of hairs on outer (ventral) surface, longitudinal row of spinules more dorsally (indicated by dotted line in Fig. 8 H), mediodistal lobe with group of spinules. Four medial claw-like elements (three inserted close to each other and one inserted more distally) located slightly dorsally to hairs on outer (ventral) surface (not shown in figure). Long spinules present posterior to paragnaths. Mandible (Figs 7 D, 9 A) bearing two long and one short seta. Near palp transverse row of long spinules and smaller spinules arranged in row rather than oval pattern present on anterior surface of gnathobase. Maxillulary palp (Figs 7 D, 9 B−C) with few spinules arranged in discontinuous row / arc. Setation of maxilla (Fig. 9 D−E) as common in Eucyclops, endopodite 2 - segmented. Praecoxopodite and coxopodite separated on caudal surface and partially fused on frontal surface; short transverse row of spinules present near lateral margin on caudal surface (Fig. 9 E, marked with arrow). Armature of maxilliped (Fig. 9 F−G) as common in Eucyclops, arthrodial membrane between terminal endopodal segment and its medialmost seta failed to form. Basipodite with two rows of spinules on caudal surface. Tiny dents on free margin of flap-like structure (Fig. 9 G, marked with arrow) sometimes present (maxilliped could be verified in specimens from Kirando, Lake Tanganyika). P 1 − P 4. Setation formula same as in E. azorensis (Table 2). P 1 intercoxal sclerite (Fig. 9 H) naked on both frontal and caudal surfaces in all specimens examined (one paratype from Lake Victoria and three females from Kirando, Lake Tanganyika). P 2 − P 3 intercoxal sclerites (Fig. 10 B, D): hairs arranged in two groups present on frontal surface in both legs; transverse row of spinules present or absent on caudal surface in P 2 and present in P 3. P 4 intercoxal sclerite (Figs 7 E, 10 E) caudally bearing hairlike spinules in two (three) rows, free margin avoid of hairs in middle; frontal surface naked. Coxopodite setae with long and fine setules in P 1, and short and thick setules in P 2 − P 4 (Figs 9 H, 10 B, D−E). P 4 coxopodite seta lacking setules in short proximal section on lateral margin (two ♀♀, Kirando, Lake Tanganyika) – whole length (continuous) setulation shown in Sars (1909). Caudal surface ornamentation of P 4 coxopodite (Figs 7 E, 10 E) as common in genus; number of spinules 20, 21 (two ♀♀, Kirando, Lake Tanganyika) in transverse row along distal margin. Medial expansion of basipodites pilose in P 1 − P 4. Medial seta of P 1 basipodite (Fig. 9 H) with short setules, seta reaching beyond distal margin of enp 2. Second exopodal segment laterally pilose, exp 1 and exp 3 laterally naked in P 1 − P 4 (Figs 7 E−F, 9 H−I, 10 A, C, E−F). P 4 enp 3 (Figs 7 G, 10 G) 2.2 − 2.4 times as long as wide, medial terminal spine 1.4 − 1.5 times as long as lateral spine, and about as long as segment (Table 4). None of setae of P 4 enp 3 reaching beyond tip of longer (medial) terminal spine. P 5 (Fig. 8 C). One-segmented, with three appendages. Medial spine distinctly longer than segment (Table 4), small spinules present at insertion of spine. Apical seta 1.4 (paratype, L. Victoria) to 2.3 (Kirando, Lake Tanganyika) times as long as medial spine, lateral seta and medial spine subequal in length. Male Unknown.	en	Hołyńska, Maria, Sługocki, Łukasz, Ghaouaci, Souad, Amarouayache, Mounia (2021): Taxonomic status of Macaronesian Eucyclops agiloides azorensis (Arthropoda: Crustacea: Copepoda) revisited - morphology suggests a Palearctic origin. European Journal of Taxonomy 750: 1-28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357
03BC87DD925EBF23A960A736D151FE37.taxon	distribution	Geographic distribution and habitat preferences Eucyclops agiloides has been reported from various regions of Africa, Asia and even Eastern Europe: Lake Malawi (Alekseev & Defaye 2011), Ethiopia (Defaye 1988), Nigeria (Boxshall & Braide 1991), Northern Algeria (Hamaidi et al. 2010), Crimea, Lesser Caucasus and Talysh region (South Azerbaijan) (Monchenko 2003), China (Tai & Chen 1979 − E. agiloides was considered by these authors as a synonym of E. serrulatus), India (Kiefer 1939; Lindberg 1939; Dev Roy & Venkataraman 2018), Sumatra and Java (Kiefer 1933), and Borneo (Alekseev et al. 2016). Part of these records may refer to other taxa (e. g., E. roseus), and the geographic distribution of the species is still poorly understood (Fig. 11 shows only the verified records). The same holds true for the habitat preferences of E. agiloides. The specimens examined here were collected in large lakes and a river mouth in Lake Tanganyika, yet precise information on the collection sites is missing.	en	Hołyńska, Maria, Sługocki, Łukasz, Ghaouaci, Souad, Amarouayache, Mounia (2021): Taxonomic status of Macaronesian Eucyclops agiloides azorensis (Arthropoda: Crustacea: Copepoda) revisited - morphology suggests a Palearctic origin. European Journal of Taxonomy 750: 1-28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1357
