identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
34236038392332F24740E9C889FB4360.text	34236038392332F24740E9C889FB4360.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chthamalus malayensis Pilsbry 1916	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Chthamalus malayensis Pilsbry, 1916 Figure 2; Tables 2, 3 </p>
            <p> Chthamalus malayensis Pilsbry, 1916: 310-311; Hiro 1939: 249-251; Utinomi 1954: 18; Karande and Palekar 1963: 231; Pope 1965: 51-63; Newman and Ross 1976: 42; Dong et al. 1980: 125; Ren 1984: 151-153; Southward et al. 1998: 123. </p>
            <p> Chthamalus stellatus : Hoek 1913: 267-269. </p>
            <p> Chthamalus challenger : Broch 1931: 53-55; 1947: 5. </p>
            <p> Chthamalus antennatus : Rossel 1972: 174, pl. 13, figs. 1-7, pl. 14, fig. 1-5. </p>
            <p>Non-type material examined.</p>
            <p> Andaman Sea:   3 specimens,  Phang-nga province , Takua Thung district, Na Tai beach, 16.V.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16. CH.CM01-03)  .   2 specimens,  Phuket province , Mueang Phuket district, Ao Yon beach, 15.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16. CH.CM04-05)  .   1 specimen,  Phuket province , Mueang Phuket district, Panwa beach, 16.VII.2015, S. Khachonpisitsak (BUU16. CH.CM06)  .   3 specimens,  Phuket province , Katu district, Kalim beach, 15.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16. CH.CM07-09)  . </p>
            <p> Gulf of   Thailand: 2 specimens, Chon Buri province, Ko Si Chang district,  Ko Kham Yai beach, 05.VII.2015, S. Khachonpisitsak (BUU16.CH.CM10-11)  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Peduncle absent; body length 3-10 mm; base membranous. Shell elongated oval/shield-shaped, shell white to grey with 6 plates (1 carina, 2 carinal latus, 2 latus and 1 rostrum), carina bigger than rostrum, parietes symmetrical, calcareous and solid, radii solid, inner surface of parietes smooth and white-grey to pale-violet; orifice kite-shaped. Operculum plates symmetrical, articulation of opercular valves deep, scutum and tergum separable. Tergum smaller than scutum, tergum higher than wide, tergum with 4 distinct crests for lateral depressor muscles. Scutum elongated and triangular, adductor pit deep. Mandible with 4 teeth, lower margin pectinated, three large setae at the edge; cirri I with conical spines; cirri II with multi-cuspidate setae and basal guard.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Chthamalus malayensis is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific region. It has been previously recorded in Taiwan, Thailand, China, Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, India and Australia (Jones 2004; Tsang et al. 2008; Tsang et al. 2012). From the previous observation,  Chthamalus malayensis presented in both the Andaman Sea (Phuket) and the Gulf of Thailand (Si Chang and Samui Islands) (Tsang et al. 2012). In this study,  Chthamalus malayensis were also found in both coastlines: the Andaman Sea (Na Tai, Kalim, Ao Yon, Panwa) and the Gulf of Thailand (Ko Kham Yai) (Table 2). </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Chthamalus malayensis has usually 4 crests for lateral depressor muscles while  Euraphia hembeli and  Euraphia depressa contains distinct 10-12 crests at the tergum and 3 small crests, respectively. The size of  Chthamalus malayensis ranges from 3-10 mm similar to  Euraphia depressa while that of  Euraphia hembeli is much bigger (10-33 mm). In addition,  Chthamalus malayensis differs from  Euraphia depressa in two main characters diagnosed in this study: shape of external shell and jointing pattern of tergum and scutum. The shape of the external shell of  Chthamalus malayensis shows a distinct and rather uniform ribbed surface from the lower region to the apex; on the other hand,  Euraphia depressa exhibits smooth surface that is never ribbed. Secondly, marked articulation and sinous jointing of tergum and scutum can be clearly noticed in  Chthamalus malayensis while  Euraphia depressa shows less articulation. However, these shell morphology is not reliable tool for species identification among Chthamalids; hence, we further investigate arthropodal characters. It is clear that  Chthamalus has four teeth on the mandible while  Euraphia has three teeth on the mandible. In addition, to further identify  Chthamalus into the correct species, setae on cirri I and cirri II were observed. Our specimens of Chthamalids have conical spines on cirri I and multi-cuspidate setae with basal guard on cirri II (Figure 2F); hence, our specimens are confirmed as  Chthamalus malayensis . </p>
            <p> Moreover,  Chthamalus malayensis distributes above the vertical zonation of  Tetraclita population. The overlapping of habitats can be seen among these species and even  Chthamalus malayensis were found to attach to  Tetraclita at the overlapping regions of high shore and middle shore. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/34236038392332F24740E9C889FB4360	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
B40D3D386CD5F56AFB1609A83C93626B.text	B40D3D386CD5F56AFB1609A83C93626B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chthamalus Ranzani 1817	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Chthamalus Ranzani, 1817</p>
            <p>Type species.</p>
            <p> Chthamalus stellatus (Poli, 1791) </p>
            <p> 1 genus, 1 species recorded:  Chthamalus malayensis Pilsbry, 1916. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B40D3D386CD5F56AFB1609A83C93626B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
7BA43A1076E0BA489704A001222618F3.text	7BA43A1076E0BA489704A001222618F3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euraphia Conrad 1837	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Euraphia Conrad, 1837</p>
            <p>Type species.</p>
            <p> Euraphia hembeli Conrad, 1837 </p>
            <p> 1 genus, 2 species recorded:  Euraphia depressa (Poli, 1795) and  Euraphia hembeli Conrad, 1837. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7BA43A1076E0BA489704A001222618F3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
83B744A9DF4237D575EB443098440757.text	83B744A9DF4237D575EB443098440757.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euraphia depressa (Poli 1795)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Euraphia depressa (Poli, 1795) Figure 3; Tables 2, 3 </p>
            <p> Chthamalus
depressus
 Poli, 1791 </p>
            <p> Chthamalus stellatus var. depressus : Darwin 1854. </p>
            <p> Euraphia depressa : Utinomi (1959); Southward (1964). </p>
            <p>Non-type material examined.</p>
            <p> Gulf of   Thailand: 2 specimens, Chon Buri province, Mueang Chon Buri district,  Khao Sam Muk beach, 05.VII.2016, W. Sukparangsi (BUU16.CM.ED01-02)  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Peduncle absent; body length 3-10 mm; base membranous. Shell light brown-yellowish brown with 6 plates (1 carina, 2 carinal latus, 2 latus and 1 rostrum), shell flatted and thin-walled; parietes symmetrical and solid, external surface of shell without ribbed, inner surface of parietes smooth and light brown and white with small horizontal striations around aperture, parietes separable, suture distinct and easily parted; orifice rhomboidal. Opercular plates symmetrical, tergum smaller than scutum, scutum and tergum separable jointing between tergum and scutum with slightly sinous. Scutum triangular with slightly curved basal margin, external surface with shallow and horizontal striations from occludent margin to tergal margin, occludent margin of scutum without teeth, tergal margin slightly sinous from interior view; tergum with 2-3 lateral depressor crests. Mandible with 3 teeth, lower margin pectinated with 8 setae, three  large setae at the edge; labrum with obvious teeth; caudal appendage absent. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> In previous records,  Euraphia depressa was found to inhabit along Mediteranean localities, including Spain (Punta Carnero, Punta de la Chullera, Malago, Salobrena and Calpe), France (Cap Bear, La Couronne, and Cassis), Italy (Pegli and Lido), Greece (Amnisso), the Black Sea and Suez canal (Utinomi 1959; Southward 1964; Achituv and Safriel 1980; Crisp 1981). In this study, the presence of  Euraphia depressa in Khao Sam Muk station (Chon Buri) in Thailand was unexpected as it was previously unrecorded along  Thailand’s coastal areas. They were found along rocky shores exposed to heavy wave action inhabiting sheltered crevices of the rocky platform and high shore. The abundance of  Euraphia depressa is much less than that of the cosmopolitan barnacle  Amphibalanus amphitrite in the same area of observation. </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Euraphia depressa (Poli, 1795) was the reassigned name from  Chthamalus depressus (Poli, 1795). According to Southward (1964),  Euraphia depressa can be distinguished from  Chthamalus stellatus , based on the shell morphology showing smooth unribbed shell on the external surface from younger specimens to more adult stage and the operculum characters, showing joints between tergum and scutum without sinous or slightly sinous, and smaller tergum. In addition, a barnacle of the genus  Euraphia is distinguished from the genus  Chthamalus based on the number of teeth on mandible and as described in Southward (1964) our specimens have mandible with three large teeth and three large setae on the lower edge (Figure 3F &amp; G) and lacking of caudal appendages, leading to species identification of our specimens as  Euraphia depressa . However, the number of setae at the pectinated margin of mandible in our specimens is different. Only small 5 setae after larger three setae were found in our specimens while up to 12 setae were mentioned in Southward (1964). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/83B744A9DF4237D575EB443098440757	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
18D5A3C8DA2027655A625BC430374982.text	18D5A3C8DA2027655A625BC430374982.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euraphia hembeli Conrad 1837	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Euraphia hembeli Conrad, 1837 Figure 4; Tables 2, 3 </p>
            <p> Euraphia hembeli Conrad, 1837: 261. </p>
            <p>Non-type material examined.</p>
            <p> Andaman Sea:   2 specimens,  Phang-nga province , Takua Thung district, Na Tai beach, 16.V.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16. CH.EH01-02)  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Peduncle absent; base membranous; body length larger than  Chthamalus and range from 10-30 mm. Shell brownish grey with 6 plates (1 carina, 2 carinal latus, 2 latus and 1 rostrum), carina bigger than rostrum, carinal latus bigger than latus. External surface of shell irregularly ribbed around basal margin, inner surface of parietes smooth and white with dark brown and pale violet horizontal striations around aperture. Parietes symmetrical, calcareous and solid, parietes separable, sutures coarsely serrate or with interlocking toothed structure. Orifice rhomboidal. Operculum plates symmetrical, tergum smaller than scutum, tergum and scutum separable. Scutum triangular, occludent margin of scutum with strong teeth. Tergum strongly marked with 10-12 lateral depressor crests, scutal margin strongly articulated. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Barnacles in the genus  Euraphia were recorded in several regions including West Africa, the Mediterranean, Hawaii and Southern Japan (Newman and Ross 1976).  Euraphia hembeli was previously recorded in California around San Diego (Barrett and Freeman 2016). In this study, we report the presence of  Euraphia hembeli distributing along low and middle shore of the intertidal zone, which was only found at Na Tai station, the Andaman Sea (Table 2 and 3). In addition, this is the first report of its presence in Thailand. </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Based on the shell and opercular valve morphology (Newman and Ross 1976; Kim and Yamaguchi 1996), two candidates:  Euraphia hembeli Conrad, 1837 and  Euraphia pilsbryi Hiro, 1936 (reassigned as  Hexechamaesipho pilsbryi (Hiro, 1936)) show similar patterns of opercular plates to our collected specimens. Based on Newman and Ross (1976), description of  Euraphia hembeli in Barrett and Freeman (2016) and Chan et al. (2008), our specimens fit more into  Euraphia hembeli and differ from other  Euraphia in its gigantic appearance (up to 30 mm) and the presence of strong marked lateral depressor crests (10-12 in number, less in  Hexechamaesipho pilsbryi ). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/18D5A3C8DA2027655A625BC430374982	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
D55BE59785FE1F00A93252E2405DB368.text	D55BE59785FE1F00A93252E2405DB368.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Newmanella Ross 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Newmanella Ross, 1969</p>
            <p>Type species.</p>
            <p> Newmanella radiata (Bruguiere, 1789) </p>
            <p> 1 genus, 1 species recorded:  Newmanella spinosus Chan &amp; Cheang, 2016. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D55BE59785FE1F00A93252E2405DB368	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
2B18F37B092D1CF73A11DBDED0A82E4B.text	2B18F37B092D1CF73A11DBDED0A82E4B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Newmanella spinosus Chan & Cheang 2016	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Newmanella spinosus Chan &amp; Cheang, 2016 Figure 5; Tables 2, 3 </p>
            <p> Newmanella
spinosus
 Chan &amp; Cheang, 2016: 212-220, figs 9-15. </p>
            <p>Non-type material examined.</p>
            <p> Andaman Sea:   4 specimens,  Phang-nga province , Takua Thung district, Na Tai beach, 16.V.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.TC.NS01-04)  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Peduncle absent; base calcareous. Shell greyish green, shell with 4 plates (1 carina, 2 latus, 1 rostrum); parietes low conical, 3-4 rows of irregular parietal tubes (parietes multiple tubiferous), radii board with horizontal striation and summit oblique. External surface with deep longitudinal/radiating lines from base to apex, internal surface of parietes smooth and white with greyish green striations close to operculum. Orifice pentagonal, diamond-shaped. External surface of operculum brownish grey, internal surface of operculum white. Scutum triangular, external surface of scutum with horizontal striations; tergum high and narrow, tergum with numerous depressor crests.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Newmanella spinosus was previously recorded from low intertidal to subtidal levels on rock shores along the coastlines of Taiwan and the Philippines and they were also collected from the surfaces of buoys  used in fishing cages in the open sea (Chan and Cheang 2016). In this present study,  Newmanella spinosus specifically distributes along low shores, and the intertidal zones of Na Tai beach, Takua Thung District, Phang-nga (the Andaman Sea). </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Newmanella spinosus is morphologically similar to  Newmanella radiata , based on shell and scutum. The shell of  Newmanella spinosus is green while those of  Newmanella radiata is white. In addition, lateral scutal depressor muscle crest is shallow in the scutum of  Newmanella radiata , but deep in  Newmanella spinosus . The distribution of  Newmanella spinosus is around the North Pacific Ocean, from Okinawan Japan to Taiwan and the Philippines (Chan and Cheang 2016). The presence of  Newmanella spinosus in Thailand is surprising in our study, and creates the first record of this species distributing specifically in Na Tai beach, Takua Thung district, Phang-nga province. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B18F37B092D1CF73A11DBDED0A82E4B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
7ED5CDD728FDF321D6A01BB417E3EA41.text	7ED5CDD728FDF321D6A01BB417E3EA41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tetraclita Schumacher 1817	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Tetraclita Schumacher, 1817</p>
            <p>Type species.</p>
            <p> Tetraclita squamosa (  Bruguiére , 1789) </p>
            <p> 1 genus, 3 species recorded:  Tetraclita kuroshioensis Chan, Tsang &amp; Chu, 2007,  Tetraclita singaporensis Chan, Tsang &amp; Chu, 2007 and  Tetraclita squamosa (Bruguiere, 1789). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7ED5CDD728FDF321D6A01BB417E3EA41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
A69C6E12E383783A1A36C2E490840EE2.text	A69C6E12E383783A1A36C2E490840EE2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tetraclita kuroshioensis Chan, Tsang & Chu 2007	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Tetraclita kuroshioensis Chan, Tsang &amp; Chu, 2007 Figure 6; Suppl. material 1; Tables 2, 3 </p>
            <p> Tetraclita squamosa viridis : Hiro 1936: 635; 1937: 469; 1939: 271. </p>
            <p> Tetraclita squamosa squamosal : Utinomi 1968: 178. </p>
            <p> Tetraclita pacifica Chan et al., 2007b: 88. </p>
            <p>Non-type material examined.</p>
            <p> Andaman Sea:   2 specimens,  Phang-nga province , Khura Buri district, Ao Khoei beach, 30.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.TC.TK01-02)  .   3 specimens,  Phang-nga province , Takua Thung district, Na Tai beach, 16.V.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.TC.TK03-05)  .   2 specimens, Phuket province, Mueang Phuket district,  Ao Yon beach, 15.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.TC.TK06-07)  .   3 specimens, Phuket province, Katu district,  Kalim beach, 15.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.TC.TK08-10)  . </p>
            <p> Gulf of   Thailand: 3 specimens, Prachuap Khiri Khan province, Bang Saphan district,  Ban Krut beach, 06.IX.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.TC.TK11-13)  .   3 specimens, Chon Buri province, Ko Si Chang district,  Ko Kham Yai beach, 05.VII.2015, S. Khachonpisitsak (BUU16.TC.TK14-16)  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Peduncle absent; base membranous; shell greyish black to purplish-grey with 4 plates (1 carina, 2 latus, 1 rostrum), parietes conical, plates inseparable, 7-8 rows of parietal tubes (parietes multiple tubiferous), external surface with mosaic scales pattern radiating randomly from base to apex, internal surface of parietes smooth and white with dark grey striations around aperture. External surface of operculum mixed grey and yellowish-light brown, internal surface of operculum greyish-dusky green. Scutum bigger than tergum, scutum triangular, external surface of scutum with horizontal striations, occludent margin of scutum with obvious shallow and rough teeth, short articular ridge-basal margin, angle between basal margin and tergal margin is quite perpendicular. Tergum higher than wide, basi-scutal angle 158°, tergum with broad spur, spur angle 30°. Mandible with 4 big teeth, 1st tooth smaller; maxillule not notched with 11 setae; labrum with 5 small teeth on each side; cirri I possessing serrulate setae.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Tetraclita kuroshioensis is reassigned the name from  Tetraclita squamosa which were collected from Taiwan, and Okinawa and Honsu of Japan, and  Tetraclita pacifica . The distribution of this species occurs  in broad area along north-west Pacific region (Chan et al. 2007a, b; Chan 2009). In this present study, the species distribution occurs along littoral intertidal zones in both the Andaman Sea (Ao Yon, Ao Khoei, Na Tai, and Kalim) and the Gulf of Thailand (Ban Krut and Ko Kham Yai). </p>
            <p>Remark.</p>
            <p> Tetraclita kuroshioensis is quite similar to  Tetraclita singaporensis in following characteristics: tergum without beak and with wide spur, scutum with short articular ridge-basal margin. However, angle between tergal margin and basal margin of  Tetraclita kuroshioensis is more perpendicular (90°) or shaper while that of  Tetraclita singaporensis is curved. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A69C6E12E383783A1A36C2E490840EE2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
75BEAA6B85D52F90CC2A095FA45567B8.text	75BEAA6B85D52F90CC2A095FA45567B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tetraclita singaporensis Chan, Tsang & Chu 2007	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Tetraclita singaporensis Chan, Tsang &amp; Chu, 2007 Figure 7; Suppl. material 2; Tables 2, 3 </p>
            <p> Tetraclita
singaporensis
 Chan, Tsang &amp; Chu, 2007: 52-53, figs 1-3. </p>
            <p>Non-type material examined.</p>
            <p> Andaman Sea:   2 specimens,  Phang-nga province , Takua Thung district, Na Tai beach, 16.V.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.TS.TSG01-02)  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Peduncle absent; base membranous; shell purplish-dusky green with 4 plates (1 carina, 2 latus, 1 rostrum), parietes conical, plates inseparable, 5-6 rows of parietal tubes (parietes multiple tubiferous), external surface with deep and irregular longitudinal striations from apex to base and small radiating lines, internal surface of parietes smooth and white with greyish-green horizontal striations around aperture. External surface of operculum yellowish brown mixed with dusky green, internal surface of operculum dusky green-purplish and white around spur of the tergum. Scutum bigger than tergum, scutum triangular, short articular ridge-basal margin, external surface of scutum with horizontal striations, occludent margin of scutum with rough teeth. Tergum higher than wide, tergum with broad spur and not beaked, spur angle 30-35°, basi-scutal margin 148-150°. Mandible with 4 big teeth, 2nd and 3rd teeth consisting double teeth, 1st tooth with small spines, lower margin pectinate with 8 small teeth and obvious double bigger teeth at the edge; maxillule notched, two large setae above notch, 13-17 setae below notch; labrum with 4-5 large teeth on each side; cirri I possessing bidenate serrulate setae.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Tetracliata singaporensis has been reassigned the name from previously known as  Tetraclita squamosa , which were collected from Singapore. Hence, the distribution of this species is firstly marked at Singapore, Indo-West Pacific region (Chan et al. 2007a). In this present work, the specimens were collected from Na Tai, Andaman Sea and it distributes in the mid shore. </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Tetraclita singaporensis differs from  Tetraclita squamosa in that it has tergum without beak and broader spur, and scutum with short articular ridge-basal margin. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/75BEAA6B85D52F90CC2A095FA45567B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
841AF1F236FFBA40A550E1FFF4B5D346.text	841AF1F236FFBA40A550E1FFF4B5D346.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amphibalanus Pitombo 2004	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Amphibalanus Pitombo, 2004</p>
            <p>Type species.</p>
            <p> Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854) </p>
            <p> 1 genus, 2 species recorded:  Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854) and  Amphibalanus reticulatus (Utinomi, 1967). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/841AF1F236FFBA40A550E1FFF4B5D346	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
1530AAF19A334CBE79CBC6CBFD96AFA9.text	1530AAF19A334CBE79CBC6CBFD96AFA9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tetraclita squamosa (Bruguiere 1789)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 
Tetraclita squamosa (
Bruguiere
, 1789)
 Figure 8; Suppl. material 3; Tables 2, 3 </p>
            <p> Balanus squamosa Bruguiére , 1789: 170. </p>
            <p> Lepas porosa Gmelin, 1791: 3212. </p>
            <p> Tetraclita porosa var. viridis : Darwin 1854: 329; Borradaile 1900: 799; Gruvel 1905: 228;  Krüger 1911: 61, pl. 4, fig. 41b; Hoek 1913: 254; </p>
            <p> Tetraclita squamosa : Stebbing 1910: 570; Barnard 1924: 90; Oliveira 1941: 6. </p>
            <p> Tetraclita squamosa squamosa : Pilsbry 1916: 251;  Kolosváry 1943: 96; Henry 1957: 33; Stubbings 1967: 294; Newman and Ross 1976: 48; Ren and Liu 1979: 339, pl. 1, figs. 1-11. </p>
            <p> Tetraclita squamosa forma viridis : Broch 1922: 337; 1931: 116. </p>
            <p> Tetraclita porosa perfecta Nilsson-Cantell, 1921: 364. </p>
            <p> Tetraclita squamosa : Yamaguchi 1987: 344; Chan 2001: 625, fig. 8; Chan et al. 2007b: 82, fig. 4. </p>
            <p>Non-type material examined.</p>
            <p> Gulf of   Thailand: 2 specimens, Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Sichon district,  Hin Ngam beach, 04.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.TC.TSS01-02)  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Peduncle absent; base membranous; shell green mixed with brownish grey, shell with 4 plates (1 carina, 2 latus, 1 rostrum); parietes conical, plate fused, inseparable, 8 rows of parietal tubes (parietes multiple tubiferous), external surface with longitudinal lines from base to apex, internal surface of parietes smooth and white with purplish grey striations close to aperture, External surface of operculum brownish grey, internal surface of operculum purplish grey. Scutum larger than tergum, scutum triangular, long articular ridge-basal margin, external surface of scutum with horizontal striations, occludent margin of scutum with very shallow teeth; tergum higher than wide, basi-scutal margin 158-160°, tergum apex obviously beaked, tergum with spur long and sharp, spur angle 25°. Mandible with 4 big teeth, 1st tooth with three small spines, lower margin pectinate; maxillule notched, two large setae above notch, 11 big setae below notch and some smaller setae at the edge; labrum with 4 large teeth on each side; cirri I possessing bidenate serrulate setae.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Tetraclita squamosa is widespread in tropical and subtropical waters from West Africa, the Indo-Pacific, the Indian Ocean, Australia, Indonesia and Singapore (Newman and Ross 1976; Ren and Liu 1979; Jones et al. 2000; Chan et al. 2007b). Its distributions in Thailand were previously recorded in two places: the Andaman Islands and the Gulf of Siam (recently called the Gulf of Thailand) (Jones 2000). In this present study,  Tetraclita squamosa has restricted areas of distribution and it was found specifically at Hin Ngam beach, the Gulf of Thailand coast. Regarding vertical zonation,  Tetraclita squamosa found in Thailand occurs on the mid shore. </p>
            <p>Remark.</p>
            <p> As described in Chan et al. 2007a, b,  Tetraclita squamosa (southern China) has unique tergum characteristics including tergum with beak and long spur, and scutum with long articular ridge-basal margin. Our specimens from Hin Ngam beach have all of these characteristics; hence, it is more fitted into  Tetraclita squamosa (Southern China) rather than  Tetraclita squamosa (Singapore), which is reassigned as  Tetraclita singaporensis . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1530AAF19A334CBE79CBC6CBFD96AFA9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
D47FA3897DA84F6CBEE20EB6DF27D918.text	D47FA3897DA84F6CBEE20EB6DF27D918.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin 1854)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854) Figure 9; Tables 2, 3 </p>
            <p> Balanus
amphitrite var. communis
 Darwin, 1854: 240 (in part). </p>
            <p> Balanus amphitrite Weltner, 1897: 264; Pilsbry 1907: 190; 1928: 312. </p>
            <p> Balanus amphitrite communis : Hiro 1939: 263. </p>
            <p> Balanus amphitrite hawaiiensis : Hiro 1939: 260. </p>
            <p> Amphibalanus amphitrite : Pitombo 2004: 263. </p>
            <p>Non-type material examined.</p>
            <p> Andaman Sea:   2 specimens,  Phang-nga province , Khura Buri district, Ao Khoei beach, 30.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.BN.AA01-02)  .   4 specimens,  Phang-nga province , Takua Thung district, Na Tai beach, 16.V.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.BN.AA03-06)  .   4 specimens, Phuket province, Mueang Phuket district,  Ao Yon beach, 15.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.BN.AA07-10)  .   3 specimens, Phuket province, Mueang Phuket district,  Panwa beach, 16.VII.2015, S. Khachonpisitsak (BUU16.BN.AA11-13)  .   4 specimens, Phuket province, Katu district,  Kalim beach, 15.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.BN.AA14-17)  . </p>
            <p> Gulf of   Thailand: 2 specimens, Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Sichon district,  Hin Ngam beach, 09.VIII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.BN.AA18-19)  .   4 specimens, Prachuap Khiri Khan province, Bang Saphan district,  Ban Krut beach, 06.IX.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.BN.AA20-23)  .   2 specimens, Chon Buri province, Ko Si Chang district,  Ko Kham Yai beach, 05.VII.2015, S. Khachonpisitsak (BUU16.BN.AA24-25)  .   4 specimens, Chon Buri province, Si Racha district,  Si Racha beach, 04.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.BN.AA26-29)  .   3 specimens, Chon Buri province, Mueang Chon Buri district,  Khao Sam Muk beach, 05.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.BN.AA30-32)  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Peduncle absent; base calcareous. Shell white-pale pink with 6 plates (1 carina, 2 carinal latus, 2 latus, 1 rostrum); single rows of parietal tubes (parietes single tubiferous) with transverse septa; radii solid. External surface with purple longitudinal striations from apex to base (3-4 lines per plate) without horizontal striation, transverse teeth on suture edges with denticles on lower regions, internal surface of parietes grey with black horizontal striations close to operculum. External surface of operculum brownish grey, internal surface of operculum grey-white. Scutum bigger than tergum, scutum triangular, external surface of scutum with curved striations; tergum spur board with growth lines.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Amphibalanus amphitrite is a common fouling barnacle and cosmopolitan species distributed along intertidal zones of coastlines in both the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea. It was found in all stations examined. The settlement patterns are various (e.g. rocks, shells of oyster and green mussels, concrete walls of bridges and harbors, offshore vessels, dock pilling, and mooring robes). In previous records, this species distributes worldwide in both tropical and temperate regions including the Indo-West Pacific, and Western Australia (Jones 2004; Chen et al. 2014) and it has been suggested that this wide range of distribution was due to human-mediated activities during global trade expansion (Chen et al. 2014). </p>
            <p>Remark.</p>
            <p> The morphology of  Amphibalanus amphitrite is variable from diverse habitats worldwide. Shells exposed and eroded by heavy wave action showed no purple stripes on the external surface. The molecular analysis has confirmed its genetic differentiation which might be due to local adaptation and geographical isolation (Chen et al. 2014). Due to hypothesis on human-mediated activities as the main cause of  Amphibalanus amphitrite 's distribution across the globe, this species is considered as non-native or introduced species in these examined regions: Hawaii, California, North Carolina, and the Atlantic coast (Carlton et al. 2011), whereas it is considered as native in tropical waters (e.g. Hong Kong, Thailand, Malaysia) supported by molecular study (Chen et al. 2014). Despite the diverse morphology of  Amphibalanus amphitrite , another species in the same genus  Amphibalanus reticulatus exhibits clear patterns of shell carrying both vertical and longitudinal striations on the external surface. The separation of settlement type is distinct between these two species; one is found mostly on rocky shores exposed to waves and the other one is found on some mollusk shells. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D47FA3897DA84F6CBEE20EB6DF27D918	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
A44BCA4F0D67E071453E9FA14884D28F.text	A44BCA4F0D67E071453E9FA14884D28F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amphibalanus reticulatus (Utinomi 1967)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Amphibalanus reticulatus (Utinomi, 1967) Figure 10; Tables 2, 3 </p>
            <p> Balanus amphitrite var. communis Darwin, 1854: 240, pl. 5, figs. 2e, h, l [type locality: Tachitgatani, Tanabe Bay, Japan]. </p>
            <p> Balanus amphitrite communis : Hiro 1938: 301, figs. 1a, b; Utinomi 1956: 52, pl. 26, fig. 11.; 1960: 44, figs. 1c, d, 2c, d. </p>
            <p> Balanus reticulatus : Utinomi 1967: 216, figs. 9a, b, 10a, b, 11a-e, pl. 6, figs. 7-8; Henry and McLaughlin 1975: 88, text figs. 11, 18, pl. 7, fig. d, pl. 8, pl. 9, figs. a, d, e. </p>
            <p>Non-type material examined.</p>
            <p> Andaman Sea:   2 specimens,  Phang-nga province , Takua Thung district, Na Tai beach, 16.V.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.BN.AR01-02)  . </p>
            <p> Gulf of   Thailand: 3 specimens, Chon Buri province, Si Racha district,  Si Racha beach, 04.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.BN.AR03-05)  .   3 specimens, Chon Buri province, Mueang Chon Buri district,  Khao Sam Muk beach, 05.VII.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.BN.AR06-08)  .   3 specimens, Chon Buri province, Ko Si Chang district,  Ko Kham Yai beach, 05.VII.2015, S. Khachonpisitsak (BUU16.BN.AR09-11)  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Peduncle absent; base calcareous. Shell white-pale pink and orange with 6 plates (1 carina, 2 carinal latus, 2 latus, 1 rostrum); single rows of parietal tubes (parietes single tubiferous) with transverse septa; radii solid. External surface with longitudinal and horizontal striations, transverse teeth on suture edges with denticles on lower regions, internal surface of parietes white. External surface of operculum white-pale pink and orange with striations in both tergum and scutum, internal surface of operculum white. Scutum bigger than tergum, scutum triangular; tergum spur sharp with growth lines.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Amphibalanus reticulatus is widely distributed from Japan, the Indo-West Pacific to Australia, of which the latter is considered as an introduced species carried by ship transport (Jones 2004). In this study,  Amphibalanus reticulatus occurred in the intertidal zone along the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. These specimens were found at Si Racha, Khao Sam Muk, Ko Kham Yai (Chon Buri) and Na Tai (Phang-nga). </p>
            <p>Remark.</p>
            <p> Amphibalanus reticulatus exhibits clear vertical and horizontal striations while  Amphibalanus amphitrite shows only vertical purple striation in all shell plates. In addition, the shapes of shell of  Amphibalanus reticulatus is more columnar than that of  Amphibalanus amphitrite , which might be due to elongation of parietes in response to crowding when growing as colonies. On all examined stations, distinct distribution and settlement between  Amphibalanus amphitrite and  Amphibalanus reticulatus can be noticed, in that  Amphibalanus amphitrite were found in almost all kinds of substrates but  Amphibalanus reticulatus preferred its attachment on shells which obviously did not live along the rocky shores and it might probably inhabit the deeper areas of the sea and were occasionally carried away into the shores by wave action. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A44BCA4F0D67E071453E9FA14884D28F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
966697284D405049407A1E583C0BD086.text	966697284D405049407A1E583C0BD086.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Megabalanus Hoek 1913	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Megabalanus Hoek, 1913</p>
            <p>Type species.</p>
            <p> Megabalanus tintinnabulum (Linnaeus, 1758) </p>
            <p> 1 genus, 1 species recorded:  Megabalanus tintinnabulum Linnaeus, 1758. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/966697284D405049407A1E583C0BD086	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
2F909D19792A26D5FABEBFBCE2D7D758.text	2F909D19792A26D5FABEBFBCE2D7D758.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Megabalanus tintinnabulum (Linnaeus 1758)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Megabalanus
tintinnabulum (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Figure 11; Tables 2, 3 </p>
            <p> Lepas
tintinnabulum
 Linnaeus, 1758: 668. </p>
            <p> Balanus tintinnabulum :  Bruguiére 1789: 165 (in part); Holthuis and Heerebout 1972: 24, pl.1. </p>
            <p> Lepas tintinnabulum Wood, 1815: 38, pl. 6, figs. 1, 2. </p>
            <p> Balanus tintinnabulum tintinnabulum : Pilsbry 1916: 55, pl. 10, fig. 1-1e; Hiro 1939: 258, figs. 7a-b; Daniel 1956: 17, pl. 4, figs. 1-6; Davadie 1963: 26, pl.2, fig. 4, pl. 6, figs. 1a, 2b; Zevina and Tarasov 1963: 87, fig. 8; Stubbings 1964: 335. </p>
            <p> Balanus tintinnabulum var. tintinnabulum : Oliveira 1941: 11, text-fig. 1, pl. 2, figs. 1, 2, pl. 4, fig. 1, pl. 5 fig. 3, pl. 8, fig. 6. </p>
            <p> Megabalanus tintinnabulum : Newman and Ross 1976: 68; Lacombe and Rangel 1978: 3, fig. 4. </p>
            <p>Non-type material examined.</p>
            <p> Andaman Sea:   3 specimens,  Phang-nga province , Takua Thung district, Na Tai beach, 16.V.2015, A. Pochai (BUU16.BN.MT01-03)  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Peduncle absent; base calcareous. Shell cylindric or conic with 6 plates (1 carina, 2 carinal latus, 2 latus, 1 rostrum); parietes reddish to brownish red usually with longitudinal striations on external surface, parietes not prominently ribbed and rather smooth, irregular shape of parietal tubes (parietes tubiferous), sutural edges of radii with regular denticles, radii wide with horizontally striated, radii tubiferous; internal surface of parietes pale-purple with horizontal greyish violet striations around aperture. Orifice subcircular to rhombus. External surface of operculum white-pale pink and orange with prominent growth ridges in both tergums and scutums, internal surface of operculum white. Scutum bigger than tergum, scutum triangular, adductor ridge of scutum prominent; tergum with spur, spur furrow of tergum closed, scutal margin denticulate.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Megabalanus tintinnabulum is widely distributed across almost all continents and is a well-known cosmopolitan fouling species. It was previously found in French Guiana, the United States, Australia, Mexico, Ecuador, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Sweden, France, Netherlands, Singapore, Indonesia and India (Henry and Mclaughlin 1986; Thiyagarajan et al. 1997; Jones et al. 2000; Jones 2004). Similar to  Amphibalanus , it is considered as an introduced species in several regions and its distribution has been facilitated via shipping (Jones 2004). In Thailand,  Megabalanus tintinnabulum specifically occurs in the low  shores at Na Tai beach, Phang-nga province (the Andaman Sea). However, it does not appear to be a common fouling species as seen in some regions.  Megabalanus tintinnabulum might have been introduced to Phang-nga beaches via ship transport, and the competition for habitat niche is compromised, compared to previously occupying cosmopolitan  Amphibalanus amphitrite . </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Megabalanus tintinnabulum has relatively larger shell plates than those of  Amphibalanus . All three examined species (  Megabalanus tintinnabulum ,  Amphibalanus amphitrite and  Amphibalanus reticulatus ) in family  Balanidae have opercular valves with prominent growth ridges horizontally, and tergum with a clear spur. The coloration among these three species is easily distinguishable, in that purplish longitudinal striations presenting  Amphibalanus amphitrite , vertical and longitudinal red-orange striations with orange-pale pink background presenting  Amphibalanus reticulatus and brownish red surface with some irregular and unclear longitudinal stripes presenting  Megabalanus tintinnabulum . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F909D19792A26D5FABEBFBCE2D7D758	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Pochai, Ashitapol;Kingtong, Sutin;Sukparangsi, Woranop;Khachonpisitsak, Salinee	Pochai, Ashitapol, Kingtong, Sutin, Sukparangsi, Woranop, Khachonpisitsak, Salinee (2017): The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93 (1): 13-34, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.10769
