identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
038387C2FFB57A386B63FBB17FF9C4AF.text	038387C2FFB57A386B63FBB17FF9C4AF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoperla catharae Stark & Baumann 1978	<div><p>Neoperla catharae Stark &amp; Baumann, 1978</p> <p>is known from several central and eastern US states (DeWalt et al. 2018). The new records are near the eastern end of this species range.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFB57A386B63FBB17FF9C4AF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
038387C2FFB57A3869B5FAB57E4FC3C7.text	038387C2FFB57A3869B5FAB57E4FC3C7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Perlesta Banks 1906	<div><p>Perlesta MD-5</p> <p>(Figs. 1–6, 21)</p> <p>Female. Forewing length 9.5–11.0 mm (n = 3). Head light pale yellow with a golden brown intraocellar patch that is slightly open anteriorly, plus a light golden-brown triangular patch anterior to the anterior ocellus; m-line indistinguishable (Figs. 1– 2). Pronotum light golden brown with no medial stripe (Figs. 1–2). Subgenital plate ca. ½ width of 8 th abdominal sternum, lacking pigmentation. Lobes distinct, rounded laterally, bordered by a v-shaped notch.</p> <p>Egg. Oval (Fig. 3). Collar small and straight-sided, raised about chorionic surface, flange lacking (Figs. 4–5); chorion covered by a patchwork of amoeboidlike polygons (Figs. 4, 6); micropyles present in anterior ¼ (Fig. 6).</p> <p>Material examined. USA, Maryland, Allegany Co., Sideling Hill Creek, near <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.3284&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.70443" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.3284/lat 39.70443)">Bellegrove</a>, at light, 39.70443, -78.32840, 3 August 1996, S.A. Grubbs, 2♀ (WKUC); same but 14 July 1998, S.A. Grubbs, ♀ (WKUC).</p> <p>Remarks. The eggs appear different from all other species of eastern Nearctic Perlesta. A brief description was provided here in hope that females can be associated with males at some point in the future. These eggs may pertain to one of three Perlesta species whose eggs are unknown and found along the Atlantic Coastal Plain region of Virginia and North Carolina: P. beatyi Kondratieff, Zuellig &amp; Lenat, 2011, P. bjostadi Kondratieff &amp; Kirchner, 2006, and P. durfeei Kondratieff, Zuellig &amp; Kirchner, 2008. The egg of P. leathermani Kondratieff &amp; Zuellig, 2006 also has a small, “button- like” collar (their Fig. 8.). The light head pigmentation of MD-5 (Figs. 1–2), however, appears different from the darker P. leathermani (Kondratieff et al. 2006, their Fig. 1).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFB57A3869B5FAB57E4FC3C7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
038387C2FFB57A3F6B63FB7D7F61C6B6.text	038387C2FFB57A3F6B63FB7D7F61C6B6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Perlesta mihucorum Kondratieff & Myers 2011	<div><p>Perlesta mihucorum Kondratieff &amp; Myers, 2011</p> <p>was described from upstate New York and has been collected from large streams and small rivers. This is a common species across the panhandle region of western Maryland plus one additional record in the upper Piedmont region.</p> <p>Remarks. Males of P. mihucorum are readily identified by the combination of paraprocts with subapical tooth mostly anteriorly-directed and not visible in caudal view (Figs. 8–10) and aedeagus with small caecum ca. as long as wide and narrow dorsal patch (Figs. 11–12). Males from Maryland and West Virginia examined in this study were keyed to couplet 12 in Stark (2004), mainly because of the first choice in couplet 10 (“Paraproct spine distinct in lateral aspect”). This is in contrast to Kondratieff &amp; Myers (2011), who illustrated (their Fig. 4) and stated “…tooth inconspicuous in lateral view”. This initially led this author to conclude</p> <p>that the Maryland and West Virginia specimens represented an undescribed species. However, paraproct tooth aspect is herein considered interspecific variability, especially since characteristics of the male caecum, female subgenital plate, and egg align well with the definition of P. mihucorum from New York.</p> <p>Regarding females, this is the only species of Perlesta with the combination of a subgenital plate with well-developed lobes and deep v-shaped notch (Fig. 14–15) and egg with a smooth chorion and a wide collar that is distinctly stalked, ribbed, and flanged apically (Figs. 16–18). Both males and females have prominent pale yellow median bands on the pronotum (Figs. 7, 13). The eggs shown with SEM appear inseparable as in Kondratieff &amp; Myers 2011 (their Figs. 9–14).</p> <p>The known disparate ranges of P. mihucorum as reported from New York (Kondratieff &amp; Myers 2011) and herein from Maryland and West Virginia (Fig. 19) are due to incomplete understanding of the distribution of this species. The new state records were unexpected yet not completely surprising considering how little is still known about Perlesta taxonomy and biogeography. Examination of material from the adjacent or intervening states of Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania should enhance understanding of the distribution of this species. This species is also probably in northern Virginia, more widespread in West Virginia, and likely present in several New England states. Six species of Perlesta in total, including the three females conditionally determined as MD-5, are now known from Maryland. All six species are distributed in the small Appalachian region of western Maryland (Figs. 19–22).</p> <p>Cultus verticalis (Banks, 1920) is a widespread Appalachian species known from Georgia northeastward to New Hampshire and Quebec (DeWalt et al. 2018). The females reported here were gravid and eggs of C. verticalis are distinct from C. decisus (Walker, 1852) (Kondratieff 2004). This state record is not surprising.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFB57A3F6B63FB7D7F61C6B6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
038387C2FFB17A3C689DF92D7F6FC75B.text	038387C2FFB17A3C689DF92D7F6FC75B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sweltsa hoffmani Kondratieff & Kirchner 2009	<div><p>Sweltsa hoffmani Kondratieff &amp; Kirchner, 2009 and Sweltsa onkos (Ricker, 1936).</p> <p>A total of 59 vials of material collected and determined as S. onkos by the first author in the 1990s from western Maryland were reexamined. Specimens of 55 vials, all from the Appalachian Plateau and Ridge and Valley Physiographic</p> <p>Provinces, now pertain to S. hoffmani (Fig. 23). Only three series from the Blue Ridge Physiographic Province (Frederick Co.) are of S. onkos (Fig. 23). Kondratieff &amp; Kirchner (2009, their pp. 297) likewise listed a single series of S. onkos from Frederick County (Fig. 23). The S. onkos collections presented in Duffield &amp; Nelson (1990, their Fig. 1) may also refer to “true” S. onkos.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFB17A3C689DF92D7F6FC75B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
038387C2FFB07A3D689DFB6B79ADC5D2.text	038387C2FFB07A3D689DFB6B79ADC5D2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Isoperla Banks 1906	<div><p>Isoperla Banks, 1906</p> <p>The eastern Nearctic species of Isoperla were revised by Szczytko &amp; Kondratieff (2015), resulting in 22 new species descriptions, revised species definitions, and several new state records. Consequently, all Isoperla species listed from Maryland by Duffield &amp; Nelson (1990) and Grubbs (1997) require clarification and updates.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFB07A3D689DFB6B79ADC5D2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
038387C2FFB07A3D689DF9A67826C716.text	038387C2FFB07A3D689DF9A67826C716.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Isoperla burksi Frison 1942	<div><p>Isoperla burksi Frison, 1942</p> <p>was reported from Maryland by Duffield &amp; Nelson (1990) (Fig. 24). The author has not collected males of this species from western Maryland, although undetermined females that may refer to either I. burksi or I. orata Frison, 1942 have been found at two localities (Fig. 24). Males with extruded aedeagi or females with mature eggs are needed for positive determination.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFB07A3D689DF9A67826C716	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
038387C2FFB07A3D6B63FB6B7E37C599.text	038387C2FFB07A3D6B63FB6B7E37C599.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Isoperla dicala Frison 1942	<div><p>Isoperla dicala Frison, 1942</p> <p>was reported from Maryland by Grubbs (2003) but not included as occurring in the state by Szczytko &amp; Kondratieff (2015). The small series reported in Grubbs (2003) from one location (Fig. 23) were determined as I. dicala by Dr. Szczytko ca. 15 years ago.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFB07A3D6B63FB6B7E37C599	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
038387C2FFB07A3D6B63FA6E78EEC6DE.text	038387C2FFB07A3D6B63FA6E78EEC6DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Isoperla gibbsae Harper 1971	<div><p>Isoperla gibbsae Harper, 1971</p> <p>was reported from Maryland in Duffield &amp; Nelson (1990) (Fig. 26) but not included as occurring in the state by Szczytko &amp; Kondratieff (2015). This species is retained in the Maryland state list pending verification. Szczytko &amp; Kondratieff (2015) similarly noted that the West Virginia record of I. gibbsae (Kirchner 1978) requires verification.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFB07A3D6B63FA6E78EEC6DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
038387C2FFB07A336B63F8AA7A1CC187.text	038387C2FFB07A336B63F8AA7A1CC187.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Isoperla holochlora Klapalek 1923	<div><p>Isoperla holochlora Klapálek, 1923</p> <p>was reported from Maryland by Duffield &amp; Nelson (1990) (Fig. 25).</p> <p>This species was included by Szczytko &amp; Kondratieff (2015) from the state. The author collected this Appalachian species from western Maryland from several localities during 1995–1997 (Fig. 25).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFB07A336B63F8AA7A1CC187	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
038387C2FFBE7A33689DFE157A9FC313.text	038387C2FFBE7A33689DFE157A9FC313.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Isoperla kirchneri Szczytko & Kondratieff 2015	<div><p>Isoperla kirchneri Szczytko &amp; Kondratieff, 2015</p> <p>was described from Virginia and is currently known from New York south to North Carolina and Tennessee (DeWalt et al. 2018). The presence of this species in western Maryland is not surprising (Fig. 26). The specimens reported as I. namata Frison, 1942 by Grubbs (1997) were identified using Szczytko &amp; Kondratieff (2015) and all now refer to I. kirchneri. Isoperla namata is herein removed from the Maryland state list.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFBE7A33689DFE157A9FC313	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
038387C2FFBE7A33689DFCE97822C3FB.text	038387C2FFBE7A33689DFCE97822C3FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Isoperla montana (Banks 1898)	<div><p>Isoperla montana (Banks, 1898)</p> <p>was reported from Maryland by Grubbs (1997) and subsequently listed by Szczytko &amp; Kondratieff (2015) as occurring in the state. The author presents several additional localities in western Maryland (Fig. 24).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFBE7A33689DFCE97822C3FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
038387C2FFBE7A33689DFBB17ACEC553.text	038387C2FFBE7A33689DFBB17ACEC553.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Isoperla pseudosimilis Szczytko & Kondratieff 2015	<div><p>Isoperla pseudosimilis Szczytko &amp; Kondratieff</p> <p>2015 was described from upstate New York and is currently known from the New England states south to North Carolina and Tennessee (DeWalt et al. 2018). This montane species was likewise expected from Maryland and all material determined by the author in the mid-1990s as I. similis (Hagen, 1861) were newly determined as I. pseudosimilis using Szczytko &amp; Kondratieff (2015) (Fig. 27).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFBE7A33689DFBB17ACEC553	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
038387C2FFBE7A33689DFA297A1CC6CB.text	038387C2FFBE7A33689DFA297A1CC6CB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Isoperla similis (Hagen 1861)	<div><p>Isoperla similis (Hagen, 1861)</p> <p>was reported from Maryland by Duffield &amp; Nelson (1990) (Fig. 27). This species has since been redefined by Szczytko &amp; Kondratieff (2015) and is now considered a species found mainly along the Piedmont and Atlantic Coastal Plain regions. Szczytko &amp; Kondratieff (2015) included I. similis from Maryland based on a single female from the Blue Ridge Physiographic Province (Fig. 27).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C2FFBE7A33689DFA297A1CC6CB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grubbs, Scott A.	Grubbs, Scott A. (2018): An Update On The Stonefly Fauna (Insecta, Plecoptera) Of Maryland, Including New And Emended State Records And An Updated State Checklist. Illiesia 14 (4): 65-80, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761234
