taxonID	type	description	language	source
038CC479FF87BD2DFE9D22958198FAC3.taxon	description	http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Plecoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 106 Figs. (2 - 3, 8 - 9, 14)	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
038CC479FF87BD2DFE9D22958198FAC3.taxon	materials_examined	Published California records. Del Norte Co., 3 mi NE Hiouchi, 1 June 1991, B. Stark, R. W. Baumann, C. Henderson, 1 ♂, 1 L (BPSC). Humboldt Co., Cedar Creek, Hwy 299, 31 May 1991, B. Stark, R. W.	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
038CC479FF87BD2DFE9D22958198FAC3.taxon	description	Baumann, C. Henderson, 1 ♂ (BPSC). Same site, 25 April 1987, B. Stark, R. W. Baumann, C. R. Nelson, 2 larvae (BPSC). Grassy Creek, Fieldbrook, 22 May 1982, B. Stark, D. Ziegler, 6 ♂, 3 ♀, 54 larvae (BPSC, BYU). Ruby Creek, 3.8 miles E Berry Summit, 19 May 1998, C. R. Nelson, B. Stark, I. Sivec, S. W. Szczytko, 1 ♂ (BYU). Trinity Co., Coffee Creek, 7 June 1934, E. C. Van Dyke, 1 ♂ (CAS). Additional California records. Del Norte Co., Small falls into Patrick Creek, 1 mile abv Hwy 199, Patrick Creek Rd, 41.886333, - 123.852066, 24 May 2014, B. Stark, A. Harrison, 2 ♀ (BPSC). Small falls into Patrick Creek, Patrick Creek Rd, abv Shelly Creek, 41.90535, - 123.85595, 24 May 2014, B. Stark, A. Harrison, 1 L (BPSC). Tributary Smith River, Hwy 199, 1 mile NE Myrtle Creek, 1 June 1991, B. Stark, R. W. Baumann, C. Henderson, 1 ♀ (BPSC). Humboldt Co., Boise Creek, Boise Creek Campground, Hwy 299, 1 May 2011, B. C. Kondratieff, J. B. Sandberg, 1 ♂ (CSUIC). Boise Creek, South Boise Creek Campground, 40.94367, - 123.65679, 24 May 2006, J. Lee, 5 ♂, 4 ♀ (JJLC). Janes Creek, Trail 11, Arcata Community Forest, 27 May 2002, J. Lee, 2 ♀ (BYU). Jolly Giant Creek, Arcata, 40.900, - 123.716667, 7 June 2005, R. W. Baumann, B. C. Kondratieff, 1 ♂ (BYU). Jolly Giant Creek, Arcata Community Forest, 40.87674, - 123.06954, 22 May 2006, J. Lee, 1 ♂ (JJLC). Luffenholtz Creek tributary, Scenic Drive, 2 miles S Trinidad, 41.04187, - 124.11910, 24 April 2015, J. Lee, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (JJLC). Same site, 30 April 2015, J. Lee, 1 ♂ (JJLC). Puter Creek, South of Mad River Fish Hatchery, 40.84984, - 123.99179, 31 May 2008, J. Lee, 5 ♂, 1 ♀ (JJLC). Rube Ranch Creek, Hwy 169, 5 miles NW Weitchpec, 41.22844, - 123.77129, 12 May 2010, J. Lee, 1 ♂ (JJLC). Ruby Creek, 3.8 miles E Berry Summit, 40.907833, - 123.7182167, 25 May 2014, B. Stark, A. Harrison, 2 larvae (BPSC). Same site, 7 June 2005, B. C. Kondratieff, R. W. Baumann, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (CSUIC). Small seep above Ruby Creek, Hwy 299, 19 May 1998, S. W. Szczytko, B. Stark, C. R. Nelson, I. Sivec, 1 ♀, 7 larvae (BYU). Small stream, 2.4 miles E Berry Summit, Hwy 299, 7 June 2005, B. C. Kondratieff, R. W. Baumann, 6 ♂ (CSUIC). Same site, 20 May 2001, B. Stark, K. W. Stewart, 1 ♂ (BPSC). Unnamed stream, Hwy 299, milepost 31.48, 40.90485, - 123.73644, 28 May 2008, J. Lee, 1 ♂ (JJLC). Same site, 11 July 2008, J. Lee, 2 ♂ (BPSC). Van Duzen River, Rainbow Bridge, 40.48058, - 123.89093, 5 June 2009, J. Lee, 1 ♂ (JJLC). Shasta Co., Montgomery Creek, Montgomery Falls, off Hwy 299, 24 May 2007, B. C. Kondratieff, R. W. Baumann, 1 ♂ (CSUIC). Roaring Creek, Big Bend Rd, N of Wengler, 24 May 2007, R. W. Baumann, B. C. Kondratieff, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (BYU). Siskiyou Co., McCloud River, Lower falls picnic area Hwy 89 E Mt Shasta, 41.24012, - 122.02479, 23 May 2014, J. B. Sandberg, 1 ♂ (JBSC). Trinity Co., Bidden Creek, Hwy 299, 25 April 1987, B. Stark, R. W. Baumann, C. R. Nelson, 3 larvae (BPSC). Same site, 40.78928, - 123.45122, 10 May 2006, J. Lee, 1 ♂ (JJLC). Clear Creek & adjacent tributaries, Hwy 36, 2.6 mi E of Forest Glen CG, 40.37411, - 123.36347, J. B. Sandberg, 2 ♂ (JBSC). Male epiproct. Stark & Gustafson (2004) previously commented on variation in epiproct structure for this species. The SEM image in that study (Fig. 17 in Stark & Gustafson 2004), taken from a specimen collected in Elk River Canyon, Curry County, Oregon, shows the marginal armature consists of a single row of 19 irregularly spaced and sized teeth, with four additional submarginals and a width of 400 μm; a small median gap occurs between teeth on the marginal row. The epiproct used in this study, taken from a Humboldt County, California specimen (Figs. 2 - 3) lacks most of the marginal teeth but the total number of teeth on the anterior face and margin (20) is similar to the number on the Elk River Canyon specimen, the width (417 μm) is also similar, and both samples show a median gap in the marginal teeth. Male aedeagus. Stark (1983) noted the total number of large setal spines, while often four, may be slightly more or less numerous due to extra or fewer spines on one or more aedeagal lobes. Three spines are visible on the specimen shown in Fig. 8, but the fourth is hidden. The largest visible spine (Fig. 9) is 300 μm long. Each spine originates from a long slender sclerite. Larval abdominal pigment pattern. Stark (1983) illustrated the pigment pattern for a specimen from the type locality in southern Oregon. This specimen had an obscure median circular spot on tergum 7 and relatively large median pale spots on terga 5 and 6. An additional small pale median spot is present on tergum 4. This is fairly similar to the pattern shown in Fig. 14 from a Humboldt County, California specimen. The median spot shown on tergum 6 for the latter specimen is smaller than the one on tergum 5, and it is more circular than triangular. Six additional Humboldt County specimens show similar patterns. Based on these observations and supported by similar ones for S. sierra and S. thyra, we offer below a preliminary key to the larval Soliperla known from California.	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
038CC479FF87BD2DFE9D22958198FAC3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Published California records for S. quadrispinula are available from Del Norte (1 site), Humboldt (6 sites) and Trinity (1 site) counties (Jewett 1954; 1960; Nelson & Stark 1987; Stark 1983; Stark & Gustafson 2004). Herein, we report unpublished collections from five counties and 20 sites. The species also occurs in Oregon where it extends from Jackson and Curry counties in the South to Clatsop and Benton counties in the North (Stark 1983; Stark & Gustafson 2004). The California distribution is concentrated in four northwestern counties of Del Norte, Humboldt, Shasta and Trinity (Fig. 17). An additional female Soliperla specimen collected in Nevada County by B. C. Kondratieff and C. J. Verdone and tentatively identified as S. quadrispinula was not included in Fig. 17, or in the list of material examined for this species.	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
038CC479FF81BD2FFC43225D8624FA8C.taxon	description	http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Plecoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 105 Figs. (1, 4 - 5, 10 - 11, 15)	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
038CC479FF81BD2FFC43225D8624FA8C.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype male (USNM), French Creek, 1 mile N Caribou, Butt Reservoir Rd, Plumas Co., California. Published California records. Plumas Co., French Creek, 1 mile N Caribou, Butt Reservoir Rd, 25 June 1980, R. W. Baumann, J. Stanger, 6 ♂, 3 ♀ (USNM). Sierra Co., Big Springs, Hwy 49, 2 miles W Bassetts, 29 May 1991, B. Stark, R. W. Baumann, C. Henderson, 1 ♀ (BPSC). Same site, 27 June 2003, P. A. Opler, 4 ♂ (CSUIC). Same site, 24 June 1980, R. W. Baumann, J. Stanger, 13 ♂, 4 ♀ (BYU). Additional California records. Plumas Co., French Creek, Caribou Rd, NW of Caribou at water tank, 40.08635, - 121.1549, 7 June 2017, B. Stark, J. B. Sandberg, 6 ♂, 6 ♀, 1 L (BPSC). Same site, 7 June 2017, J. B. Sandberg, B. Stark, 9 ♂, 3 ♀ (JBSC). Waterfall tributary to Hopkins Creek, FR 23 N 16, 8.0 mi NE Gibsonville, 39.76537, - 120.83298, 1 July 2017, J. B. Sandberg, 1 ♂, 3 ♀ (JBSC). Waterfall tributary to Nelson Creek, Quincy La Porte Rd, 10 mi S of East Quincy (Hwy 70), 39.84156, - 120.85863, 24 June 2017, 2 ♀ (JBSC). Sierra Co., Big Springs, Hwy 49, 2 miles W Bassetts, 10 May 1982, D. Ziegler, K. W. Stewart, 2 ♀ (BPSC). Same site, 1 July 2008, P. A. Opler, 4 ♂, 1 ♀ (CSUIC). Same site, 5 July 2008, B. C. Kondratieff, R. W. Baumann, 2 ♀ (CSUIC). Same site, 17 June 2009, B. C. Kondratieff, R. W. Baumann, 18 ♂, 8 ♀ (CSUIC). Same site, 39.5965833, - 120.6107667, 21 June 2009, B. Stark, A. Harrison, K. Nye, 15 ♂, 7 ♀ (BPSC). Same site, 25 June 2009, J. Lee, 5 ♂, 1 ♀ (JJLC, BPSC). Same site, 3 July 2010, B. C. Kondratieff, R. W. Baumann, 5 ♂ (CSUIC). Same site, 26 May 2014, B. Stark, A. Harrison, 2 ♂, 5 larvae (BPSC). Same site, 8 June 2014, D. E. Ruiter, N. Kang, 2 ♂ (CSUIC). Same site, 28 June 2014, B. C. Kondratieff, C. J. Verdone, 1 ♂ (CSUIC). Same site, 28 June 2015, B. C. Kondratieff, 1 ♀ (CSUIC).	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
038CC479FF81BD2FFC43225D8624FA8C.taxon	description	Male epiproct. Stark (1983) and Stark & Gustafson (2004) present images and brief descriptions of the S. sierra epiproct based on a paratype specimen. The SEM image (Fig. 18 in Stark & Gustafson) shows an almost quadrangular shape, a wide toothless median gap along the marginal tooth row and 14 total teeth including 7 marginals and 7 submarginals. The anterior face of this specimen is 215 μm wide. The specimen examined in this study from Sierra County, California is oriented in an oblique fashion that emphasizes the width and the large toothless median gap. The SEM images of this specimen (Figs. 4 - 5) indicate 15 total teeth and a width of 268 μm. Male aedeagus. The structure and similarity of the aedeagus for this species to that of S. campanula was documented by Stark (1983). Both species have a median row or grouping of relatively short, thick setal-spines on the ventral aedeagal surface (Fig. 10), and both have an anterolateral lobe with a close-set cluster of several additional short, thick setal spines (Fig. 11). The organization of the ventral setal-spine grouping for S. sierra is not clearly in two well-organized rows, whereas in S. campanula the two median rows are usually distinct. In addition, the anterolateral spine clusters are set on partially sclerotized lobes for mature specimens of S. sierra, but these lobes are membranous for specimens of S. campanula we have examined. Larval abdominal pigment pattern. The larva of S. sierra is similar in body size and general features to those of known species. However, in the small sample available to us, the abdominal pigment pattern appears distinct from that of other Soliperla larvae known from California. Prominent, median longitudinal pale spots on terga 3, or 4 - 6 form an almost continuous median pale stripe on those segments. Tergum 7 often has a well defined circular median spot and the lateral pale spots on tergum 5 are much smaller than those on terga 2 - 4 (Fig. 15).	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
038CC479FF81BD2FFC43225D8624FA8C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Published records exist for only two sites for this species in Plumas and Sierra counties. During this study several additional specimens were collected at the Sierra County site near Bassetts, California, and in Plumas County the species was collected at three additional sites near the type locality (French Creek at the water tank, Hopkins Creek tributary, and Nelson Creek tributary) (Fig. 17).	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
038CC479FF83BD21FCE8229581C2FB53.taxon	description	http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Plecoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 102 Figs. (6 - 7, 12 - 13, 16)	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
038CC479FF83BD21FCE8229581C2FB53.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype male (Cornell University), Nevada.	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
038CC479FF83BD21FCE8229581C2FB53.taxon	materials_examined	Published California records. El Dorado Co., Bridal Veil Falls, Hwy 50 abv Picnic Area, 14 May 1983, R. W. Baumann, Mower, 3 ♂ (BYU). 14 15 16 Glenn Co., Salt Creek near Alder Springs, 27 April 1987, B. Stark, R. W. Baumann, C. R. Nelson, 9 ♂, 1 ♀ (BPSC). Lake Co., 6 miles S Middletown, 11 May 1926, 1 ♂ (CAS). Same site, 12 May 1926, 1 ♂, 5 ♀ (CAS). Marin Co., Bill Williams Creek, Kentfield, 14 May 1983, R. F. Gill, 1 ♂ (BYU). Cascade Creek, Mill Valley, 25 April 1957, H. B. Leech, 1 ♂ (ROM). Same site, 20 May 1955, H. B. Leech, 1 ♀ (ROM). Mt. Tamalpais, 25 May 1974, D. G. Denning, 1 ♂ (BYU). Redwood Creek, near Mt. Tamalpais State Park, 22 April 1987, B. Stark, R. W. Baumann, C. R. Nelson (BYU). Trickle near Alpine Lake, 1 May 1955, S. W. Hitchcock, 1 ♂, 2 larvae (OSAC). Mendocino Co., Small stream, Leggett, Hwy 101, 22 May 1982, B. Stark, D. Ziegler, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 2 larvae (BPSC). Summit, Hwy 175, 23 April 1987, B. Stark, R. W. Baumann, C. R. Nelson, 2 ♂, 13 larvae (BPSC). Napa Co., 9 miles N Calistoga, Hwy 29, 21 May 1982, B. Stark, D. Ziegler, 4 ♂, 10 ♀, 4 larvae (BPSC). Angwin, April 1976, D. Ashley, 1 ♀ (BPSC). Placer Co., Mad Canyon Creek, Mad River Rd, 5 miles E Foresthill, 16 May 1983, R. W. Baumann, Mower, 4 ♂, 6 ♀ (BYU). Skunk Canyon Creek, Mosquito Ridge Rd, 7 miles E Foresthill, 16 May 1983, R. W. Baumann, Mower, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (BYU). Santa Clara Co., Uvas Canyon, 25 May 1974, D. G. Denning, 1 ♀ (BYU). Sierra Co., Mossey Falls, Hwy 49 near jct Indian Creek, 18 May 1983, R. W. Baumann, Mower, 1 ♂ (BYU). Additional California records. El Dorado Co., Bridal Veil Falls, Hwy 50, 38.77, - 120.49, 19 June 2009, R. W. Baumann, B. C. Kondratieff, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (BYU). El Dorado Ditch, 1 mile E of Pacific House, 38.7596, - 120.4922, 1180 m, 8 June 2015, C. B. Barr, W. D. Shepard, 2 ♂ (JBSC), 1 ♂ (EMEC). Same site, 28 May 2015, C. B. Barr, W. D. Shepard, 1 ♀ (EMEC). Same site, 27 May 2016, C. B. Barr, W. D. Shepard, 1 ♂ (EMEC). Same site, 18 June 2016, C. B. Barr, W. D. Shepard, 1 ♂ (EMEC). Same site, 15 June 2017, C. B. Barr, W. D. Shepard, 2 ♂ (EMEC). Humboldt Co., Willow Creek, East Fork confluence, 40.90849, - 123.70783, 19 May 2008, J. Lee, 2 ♂, 1 ♀ (JJLC, BPSC). Same site, 15 June 2011, J. Lee, 1 ♂ (JJLC). Lake Co., Putah Creek, 38.78528, - 122.69250, 14 May 2012. L. E. Serpa, 1 ♂ (LESC). Mendocino Co., North Fork Garcia River Tributary, 38.92056, - 123.55028, 28 May 2008, L. E. Serpa, 1 ♂, 2 ♀ (LESC). Small stream, Leggett, Hwy 101, 22 May 1982, K. W. Stewart, D. D. Ziegler, 1 ♀ (BYU). Santa Clara Co., Swanson Creek, Uvas Park, 11 May 1982, S. D. Smith, 1 ♀ (BYU). Uvas Creek, 4 km below Uvas Park, 11 May 1982, S. D. Smith, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (BYU). Valpe Creek, 37.47167, - 121.66675, 12 May 2005, L. E. Serpa, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (LESC). Sonoma Co., Courtship Creek, 38.34044, - 122.59806, 25 April 1981, L. E. Serpa, 1 ♂ (LESC).	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
038CC479FF83BD21FCE8229581C2FB53.taxon	description	Male epiproct. Stark & Gustafson (2004) presented an image (Fig. 19 in Stark & Gustafson) of the epiproct from Glenn County specimens in which the epiproct stem gradually becomes wider near the apex and the lateral margins of the anterior face do not extend beyond those of the stem. In addition, the anterior face was 252 μm wide and heavily armed with a total of 37 marginal and submarginal teeth in 3 + rows. The specimen of S. thyra in our study from Napa County (Figs. 6 - 7) has the anterior face distinctly wider than the stem (175 μm, but narrower than that of the Glenn County specimen) and has smaller and far fewer (21) teeth. Male aedeagus. Stark (1983) described and illustrated this distinctive structure from the holotype and from Napa County specimens. Herein, we provide additional images of the structure from a Humboldt County specimen. In all specimens examined by us, the ventral surface of the aedeagus bears a pair of prominent, curved spines that arise from sclerites (Fig. 12). Additional small setal spines occur along the anterolateral margins (Fig. 13). Larval abdominal pigment patterns. Stark (1983) described the larva of this species from Napa County specimens. In those specimens, terga 4 and 7 have small, circular, median pale spots and the median tergal spot on segment 5 is similar in shape to the lateral spots In our study of Glenn County specimens the median spot on tergum 4 is absent and the median spots on terga 5 - 6 are similar in size and shape (Fig. 16).	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
038CC479FF83BD21FCE8229581C2FB53.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The holotype specimen of S. thyra is reported to be from “ Nevada ” (Needham & Smith 1916) and all other known specimens are from California, with most records coming from the Coast Range north of San Francisco. The northernmost record is from Willow Creek in Humboldt County and the southernmost from Uvas Canyon in Santa Clara County. The species is also known from the Sierra Nevada in El Dorado and Placer counties and it co-occurs with S. quadrispinula in the Willow Creek drainage of Humboldt County. However, S. thyra was collected on the main stem Willow Creek while S. quadrispinula occurred in its smaller, high gradient tributaries.	en	Stark, Bill P., Sandberg, John B., Lee, Jonathan J. (2017): California Soliperla Ricker, 1952 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae), Distribution And Taxonomic Characters. Illiesia 13 (7): 82-93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4763605
