identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A621374903FF96FC04EFC6FE60357E.text	03A621374903FF96FC04EFC6FE60357E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoperla Needham	<div><p>Genus Neoperla Needham</p> <p>Zwick (1986a) recognized 30 Bornean Neoperla species and also made several informal designations based on unassociated female and larval material. Subsequently Stark &amp; Sivec (2007) described N. darlingi from West Kalimantan, and provided a few new records of N. edmundsi and N. theobromae from East Kalimantan.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374903FF96FC04EFC6FE60357E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
03A621374902FF96FE9BE8B7FF1F375D.text	03A621374902FF96FE9BE8B7FF1F375D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoperla divergens Zwick	<div><p>Neoperla divergens Zwick</p> <p>Neoperla divergens Zwick, 1986a:31. Holotype ♂ (Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu), Keningan, British North Borneo [Sabah]</p> <p>Material examined. Brunei Darussalam: Temburong District, Sungai Belalong, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=115.15823&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.54822" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 115.15823/lat 4.54822)">Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre</a>, 04.54822 ° N, 115.15823 ° E, ALS B43‐08, 11‐16 July 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 1 ♂ (BPS).</p> <p>Remarks. This species was previously known from a single male collected in “British North Borneo ” in 1959.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374902FF96FE9BE8B7FF1F375D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
03A621374902FF96FEBFEA54FB943083.text	03A621374902FF96FEBFEA54FB943083.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoperla grafei Stark & Sheldon 2009	<div><p>Neoperla grafei sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs. 1‐5)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype ♂ and 2 ♂ paratypes from Malaysia, Sarawak, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.16&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.39" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.16/lat 1.39)">Lanjak Entiman</a>, 1.39 ° N, 112.16 ° E, 23 June 2008, U. Grafe (holotype USNM, paratypes BPS).</p> <p>Adult habitus. General color pale yellow brown. Head pale except for obscure slightly darker region on frons and over ocelli (Fig. 1). Pronotum pale brown with scattered darker rugosities. Femora pale brown, tibiae similar but with dark brown band at knee. Wing membrane pale amber, veins brown.</p> <p>Male. Forewing length 9.5 mm. Process of tergum 7 subtriangular with projecting sensilla basiconica around apex and on lateral margins (Fig. 2). Median sclerite of tergum 8 slightly rounded from lateral aspect and armed with a median row, and a few scattered sensilla basiconica. Tergum 9 with a pair of low humps armed with a sparse patch of ca. 7‐8 sensilla basiconica; area between humps partially sclerotized and bearing a few smaller sensilla basiconica. Hemiterga typical, anterior finger lobes slender, straight and strongly narrowed at apex. Aedeagal tube slender and sclerotized except for a partial, near apical, membranous zone armed with strong apically directed spines (Figs. 3‐5); apex of tube gradually curved ventrad. Aedeagal sac about as long as tube and armed along most of dorsal margin with scattered strong spines; apex of sac with a patch of smaller, densely packed spines and ventral margin with a linear cluster of subapical spines.</p> <p>Female. Unknown.</p> <p>Larva. Unknown.</p> <p>Etymology. The patronym honors Professor Ulmar Grafe, collector of the type series, for his gracious assistance in this study.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Neoperla grafei is a member of the N. parva species group recognized by Zwick (1986a). It differs from other Bornean members of the complex (N. edmundsi Stark, N. parva Banks, N. starki Zwick) in details of aedeagal armature and tube shape. The new species is the only known member of the group with a strongly curved apex to the aedeagus, and it is also the only one to have the membranous spiny area of the tube set near the apex and extending as a partial ring across the dorsum; other species in the group have the spiny area distinctly separated into a pair of lateral patches located near midlength of the tube. This complex might be endemic to Borneo but Zwick (1986a) suggests N. triangulata Kawai, a Sri Lankan species, is a possible member of the group.</p> <p>The holotype and paratypes of this species were collected with two males each of N. parva and N. rougemonti, and several females which do not appear to be any of these species.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374902FF96FEBFEA54FB943083	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
03A621374902FF95FC3FEDE8FBCA327F.text	03A621374902FF95FC3FEDE8FBCA327F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoperla parva Banks 1939	<div><p>Neoperla parva Banks</p> <p>Neoperla parva Banks, 1939:446. Lectotype ♂ (Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard), Telang, Borneo, designation Zwick (1986a)</p> <p>Neoperla parva: Zwick, 1986a:11</p> <p>Material examined. Brunei Darussalam: Temburong District, Sungai Belalong, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=115.15823&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.54822" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 115.15823/lat 4.54822)">Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre</a>, 04.54822 ° N, 115.15823 ° E, ALS B36‐08, 27 June 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 14 ♂, 44 ♀ (BPS, PMSL). Same site, ALS B20‐08, 18 June 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 2 ♀ (BPS). Same site, ALS B21‐08, 18 June 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 6 ♂, 4 ♀ (BPS). Same site, ALS B29‐08, 23 June 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 3 ♂, 17♀ (BPS). Same site, ALS B39‐ 08, 3 July 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 5 ♂ (BPS). Same site, ALS B44‐08, 17 July 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 12 ♂, 5 ♀ (PMSL). Same site, ALS B45‐08, 21‐23 July 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 18 ♂ (BPS). Temburong District, Sungai Esu, ALS B 30‐08, 28 June 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 1 ♀ (BPS). <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=115.16212&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.453509" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 115.16212/lat 4.453509)">Temburong District</a>, Sungai Belalong, Sungai Esu mouth, 04.453509 ° N, 115.16212 ° E, ALS B 37‐ 08, 4 July 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 2 ♀ (BPS). Malaysia: Sarawak: <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.16&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.39" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.16/lat 1.39)">Lanjak Entiman</a>, 1.39 ° N, 112.16 ° E, 23 June 2008, U. Grafe, 2 ♂ (BPS).</p> <p>Remarks. This species was previously known from two Bornean sites and five total specimens (Zwick 1986a). These records include the first reports from Brunei Darussalam.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374902FF95FC3FEDE8FBCA327F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
03A621374901FF94FC1DEFBCFE8F3590.text	03A621374901FF94FC1DEFBCFE8F3590.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoperla rougemonti Zwick	<div><p>Neoperla rougemonti Zwick</p> <p>Neoperla rougemonti Zwick, 1986a:7. Holotype ♂ (Zwick Collection, Schlitz), Skrang River, 2 nd Division, Sarawak, Borneo</p> <p>Material examined. Malaysia: Sarawak: Lanjak <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.16&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.39" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.16/lat 1.39)">Entiman</a>, 1.39 ° N, 112.16 ° E, 23 June 2008, U. Grafe, 2 ♂ (BPS).</p> <p>Remarks. This species was previously known from 11 specimens collected at two sites in Sarawak in 1932 and 1978.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374901FF94FC1DEFBCFE8F3590	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
03A621374900FF93FEB0E89CFDCA370B.text	03A621374900FF93FEB0E89CFDCA370B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoperla sabah Zwick	<div><p>Neoperla sabah Zwick</p> <p>(Figs. 6‐10)</p> <p>Neoperla sabah Zwick, 1986a:7. Holotype ♂ (Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu), North Borneo, 19 km N Kalabakan [Sabah]</p> <p>Material examined. Brunei Darussalam: Temburong District, Sungai Belalong, Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, 04.54822 ° N, 115.15823 ° E, ALS B36‐08, A.L. Sheldon, 2 ♂ (BPS). Same site, ALS B29‐08, 23 June 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (BPS).</p> <p>Adult habitus. General color yellow brown. Head mostly pale but with brown arcuate mark behind ocelli and area between ocelli dark; M‐ line area and anteromedian area of frons slightly darker than background pigment (Fig. 6). Basal antennal segments pale brown, flagellum darker. Femora pale, tibiae darker; wing membrane pale amber, veins brown.</p> <p>Female. Forewing length 10.5 mm. Posterior margin of sternum 8 unmodified (Fig. 7). Receptacular stalk Cshaped and almost completely armed internally with closely packed brown scales (Fig. 8); vagina slightly constricted near midlength.</p> <p>Egg. Length from tip of lid to rim of anchor pole, ca. 225.0 μm; diameter, ca. 147.5 μm. Most of egg body covered by narrow, spiral striae (ca. 18 in lateral view) separated by narrow, punctuate sulci (Fig. 9). Base of anchor arises from center of convex, impunctate plate covering anchor pole; margins of plate scalloped with small projecting teeth over base of each striation (Fig.10). Lid punctate with tiny aeropyles over entire surface.</p> <p>Remarks. Zwick (1986a) described this species from five males taken at two localities in Sabah. These are the first specimens taken in Brunei Darussalam. The female association is based on a common pattern of brown pigment behind the ocelli. Eggs are similar to those of N. rougemonti (Zwick 1986a) but have spiral striae rather than straight ones.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374900FF93FEB0E89CFDCA370B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
03A621374907FF93FE99EA19FE0031B2.text	03A621374907FF93FE99EA19FE0031B2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoperla securifera Zwick	<div><p>Neoperla securifera Zwick</p> <p>Neoperla securifera Zwick, 1986a:28. Holotype ♂ (Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Histoire, Leiden), Midden‐ Oost Expedition, between Samarinda and Long Petak, Borneo</p> <p>Material examined. Brunei Darussalam: Temburong District, Sungai Belalong, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=115.15823&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.54822" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 115.15823/lat 4.54822)">Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre</a>, 04.54822 ° N, 115.15823 ° E, ALS B11‐08, 11 June 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 1 ♂ (BPS).</p> <p>Remarks. Zwick (1986a) found this to be a variable species based on a few males collected at several Bornean sites. The aedeagus of the male listed above is very similar to Fig. 56 in Zwick (1986a) but the median process of tergum 7 more closely resembles that of N. multilobata Zwick. This is the first record from Brunei Darussalam.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374907FF93FE99EA19FE0031B2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
03A621374907FF93FE95ECF1FAD13592.text	03A621374907FF93FE95ECF1FAD13592.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neoperla theobromae Zwick	<div><p>Neoperla theobromae Zwick</p> <p>Neoperla theobromae Zwick, 1986a:9. Holotype ♂ (Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu), Tawau, Quoin Hill, Cocoa Research Station, North Borneo [Sabah] Neoperla theobromae: Stark &amp; Sivec, 2007:56</p> <p>Material examined. Brunei Darussalam: Temburong District, Sungai Belalong, Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, 04.54822 ° N, 115.15823 ° E, ALS B36‐08, 27 June 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 1 ♂ (BPS). Same site, ALS B45‐08, 21‐23 July 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 2 ♂ (BPS). Same site, ALS B21‐08, 18 June 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 1 ♂ (BPS).</p> <p>Remarks. This species was previously known from three sites in Sabah and one each in East Kalimantan and Sarawak (Stark &amp; Sivec 2007; Zwick 1986a). This is the first report from Brunei Darussalam.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374907FF93FE95ECF1FAD13592	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
03A621374907FF92FC03EDA6FA4234E0.text	03A621374907FF92FC03EDA6FA4234E0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phanoperla Banks	<div><p>Genus Phanoperla Banks</p> <p>Zwick (1982, 1986b) gave formal recognition to seven Bornean Phanoperla species and left one potentially distinct form (P. species cf maculata) without resolution. Stark &amp; Sivec (2007) recognized two additional species (P. flabellare, P. tuberosa) and also gave new records for P. flaveola (Klapálek) and P. pumilio (Klapálek) from East Kalimantan. The following provisional key for males will assist in recognizing the 11 nominal Bornean species.</p> <p>Provisional Key to Males of Bornean Phanoperla</p> <p>1 Small anterior ocellus present; largest aedeagal armature consists of a subapical ring of black hooks, incomplete on venter ……………. anomala</p> <p>1’ Anterior ocellus absent; aedeagal armature variable but not as above ……………………….. 2</p> <p>2 Median sensilla basiconica patch of tergum 9 well developed (Fig. 13); largest aedeagal armature consists of a pair of lateral fan‐ like groups of 3‐7 black spines (Fig. 14) ……………………………….……… 3</p> <p>2’ Median sensilla basiconica patch of tergum 9 absent, or reduced to a few scattered pegs (Fig. 11); largest aedeagal armature variable but not as above (Fig. 12) ……………….……………………………….……... 5</p> <p>3 Median sensilla basiconica patch of tergum 9 discretely separated from lateral patches; black scale spines on aedeagal apex cover ventrolateral surface but dorsum bare ………………….………… flabellare</p> <p>3’ Median sensilla basiconica patch of tergum 9 loosely united with lateral patches (Fig. 13); black scale spines on aedeagal apex cover entire circumference (Fig. 14) …………..……………………………………….......... 4</p> <p>4 Bases of hemitergal processes about as wide as basal cushions; a small spiny mound located dorsad to lateral fan clusters of large spines (Fig. 14) ………………………………………………… belalong</p> <p>4’ Bases of hemitergal processes narrower than basal cushions; spiny lobes absent from area of fan clusters of large spines ……………………………….. tuberosa</p> <p>5 Aedeagal armature includes a single, complete, subapical ring of large hooks …………………. bakeri</p> <p>5’ Aedeagal armature with two rows or clusters of large hooks (Fig. 12) …………………………………..….. 6</p> <p>6 Aedeagal armature with two close‐ set, incomplete subapical rows …………………………...…………. 7</p> <p>6’ Aedeagal armature with rows or clusters widely separated (Fig. 12) ………………………………….. 8</p> <p>7 Subapical rows of large hooks almost complete; a nose shaped subapical aedeagal lobe present; wing veins usually bordered with brown pigment ………..……………………………………….. nervosa</p> <p>7’ Subapical rows of large hooks widely separated dorsally; nose shaped subapical lobe absent; wing veins without brown pigment borders ……………………………………………… incompleta</p> <p>8 Apical aedeagal hooks form a complete ring; subapical hooks set on a pair of low membranous, dorsolateral mounds ………………….……… pumilio</p> <p>8’ Apical hooks not as above ………………………….. 9</p> <p>9 Apical aedeagal hooks form an incomplete row; subapical hooks form an incomplete, sometimes double ventrolateral row ……………...……. maculata</p> <p>9’ Aedeagal hooks not as above ………..…………… 10</p> <p>10 Ventrolateral patches of large spines asterisk‐ like (Fig. 12) …………………………………….….. astrospinata</p> <p>10’ Ventrolateral patches of large spines arranged in a shortrow …………………………………….… flaveola</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374907FF92FC03EDA6FA4234E0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
03A621374906FF92FC49E80CFC23369F.text	03A621374906FF92FC49E80CFC23369F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phanoperla anomala (Banks 1939)	<div><p>Phanoperla anomala X bakeri hybrid</p> <p>Material examined. Malaysia: Sarawak, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.16&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.39" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.16/lat 1.39)">Lanjak Entiman</a>, 1.39 ° N, 112.16 ° E, 23 June 2008, U. Grafe, 1 ♂ (BPS).</p> <p>Remarks. The aedeagus of this specimen is very similar to the illustration (Fig. 15) in Zwick (1986b) which shows a “ Phanoperla bakeri x anomala hybrid”. Larger samples are needed in order to evaluate this hypothesis.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374906FF92FC49E80CFC23369F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
03A621374906FF90FC18EB96FD2D34E0.text	03A621374906FF90FC18EB96FD2D34E0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phanoperla astrospinata Stark & Sheldon 2009	<div><p>Phanoperla astrospinata sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs. 11‐12)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype ♂ from Brunei Darussalam, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=115.15823&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.54822" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 115.15823/lat 4.54822)">TemburongDistrict</a>, SungaiBelalong, KualaBelalongField Studies Centre, 04.54822 ° N, 115.15823 ° E, ALS B43‐08, 11‐ 16 July 2008, A.L. Sheldon (USNM).</p> <p>Adult habitus. Body color pale white in alcohol. Head without distinctive pigment pattern; ocelli almost touching.Antennal bases pale but flagellum beyond basal segments, dark brown. Pronotum with pale brown rugosities and darker marginal and median sutures.Tibiae about as wide as femora and slightly darker. Wings pale with pale yellow veins.</p> <p>Male. Forewing length 7.5 mm. Tergum 8 unmodified, tergum 9 with a pair of lateral sensilla basiconica patches and a median patch of fine, short setae (Fig.11).Hemiterga short and relatively wide with rounded tips in dorsal aspect; apices hooked downward in lateral aspect and bearing a few enlarged sensilla basiconica; notch separating basal callus narrow and deep. Aedeagal tube shortandplump with a fewfine setalspineson bulb; apex swollen and heavily armed with spines (Fig. 12); Largest and most prominent armature consists of a subapical ring of ca. 22 black spines and a pair of star‐ like, lateral clusters. Additional small, triangular spines occur over a broad zone, proximal to star clusters and on apical zone distal to spine ring. Frontal area below spine ring, bare and produced into a membranous nose‐ like process. Dorsal sclerite slender and poorly sclerotized.</p> <p>Female. Unknown.</p> <p>Larva. Unknown.</p> <p>Etymology. The species name refers to the star pattern of large spines on the aedeagus sac.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The aedeagus and external genitalia of this species is generally similar to that of P. flaveola (Zwick 1982) and it appears to be a member of that group. These structures are also generally similar to, or perhaps the same as, Phanoperla cf. maculata of Zwick (1986b). That designation was based on a pair of Bornean specimens from the 1932 Oxford University Expedition studied by Zwick (1986b), but whose status was not formally defined. The present specimen has the same general pattern of spines on the aedeagus, however there are fewer large lateral spines and they are arranged in a more distinct star pattern than in Zwick’s specimens. In addition, fine triangular spines are shown by Zwick (1986b) along the frontal zone, and no nose shaped process is shown for his specimens. The new species is also distinguished from P. flaveola by the star cluster of lateral aedeagal spines. The lateral grouping of that species forms a linear group of 5‐6 large spines, and in addition, the dorsal aedeagal sclerite is much larger for P. flaveola than for the new species.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374906FF90FC18EB96FD2D34E0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
03A621374904FF90FE9BE80CFB05357E.text	03A621374904FF90FE9BE80CFB05357E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phanoperla belalong Stark & Sheldon 2009	<div><p>Phanoperla belalong sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs. 13‐14)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype ♂ from Brunei Darussalam, Temburong District, Sungai Belalong, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=115.15823&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.54822" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 115.15823/lat 4.54822)">Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre</a>, 04.54822 ° N, 115.15823 ° E, ALS B39‐08, 3 July 2008, A.L. Sheldon (USNM). Paratypes. Same site but ALS B24‐08, 18 June 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 1 ♂ (BPS). Same site but ALS B36‐08, 27 June 2008, A.L. Sheldon, 1 ♂ (BPS).</p> <p>Adult habitus. Body color pale yellow brown. Head yellow brown without pattern; ocelli almost touch. Basal 4‐5 antennal segments pale, rest of flagellum brown. Pronotum pale with darker rugosities and dark brown median and marginal sutures. Femora pale, tibiae brown.Wings pale, veins amber.</p> <p>Male. Forewing length 7.5 mm. Tergum 8 unmodified, tergum 9 with lateral and mesal sensilla basiconica patches united, or almost so (Fig. 13). Hemiterga with attenuated tips; basal callus offset from apical section of hemiterga by broad, shallow emargination. Aedeagal tube short and plump with a few fine setal spines on bulb; apex of tube bearing a pair of ventromedian lobes and a pair of dorsolateral lobes (Fig. 14); apical half of tube, including lobes armed with fine triangular spines. Aedeagal sac bearing lateral groups of 6‐7 large black spines in fan shaped clusters on either side of a cylindrical lobe densely armed with black, scale‐ like spines; dorsad to large fan shaped clusters, a small membranous lobe, armed with brown, triangular spines occurs on each side of sac. Dorsal sclerite spear shaped but apex curved dorsad over base of sac.</p> <p>Female. Unknown.</p> <p>Larva. Unknown.</p> <p>Etymology. The species name, used as a noun in apposition, is based on the type locality of Sungai Belalong and the Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The aedeagal features of this species are similar to both P. flabellare Stark &amp; Sivec and to P. anomala (Banks) (Stark &amp; Sivec 2007; Zwick 1982). It differs from the former in bearing two pairs of prominent, membranous, spine‐ covered lobes ventroapically and dorsolaterally on the tube. In addition, a small spiny lobe occurs dorsad to the large fan shaped clusters of spines on the sac. The latter species shares the ventroapical spiny lobes on the aedeagal tube but the sac is armed with an almost complete ring of large black spines.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374904FF90FE9BE80CFB05357E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
03A621374904FF90FC6DE8BDFC31304F.text	03A621374904FF90FC6DE8BDFC31304F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phanoperla pumilio (Klapalek 1921)	<div><p>Phanoperla pumilio (Klapálek)</p> <p>Neoperla pumilio Klapálek, 1921:320. Lectotype ♂ (National Museum, Prague), Sebroang, Borneo, designated by Zwick, 1982</p> <p>Phanoperla pumilio: Zwick, 1982:111</p> <p>Phanoperla pumilio: Stark &amp; Sivec, 2007:59</p> <p>Material examined. Brunei Darussalam, Temburong District, Sungai Belalong, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=115.15823&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.54822" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 115.15823/lat 4.54822)">Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre</a>, 04.54822 ° N, 115.15823 ° E, 21 July 2008, ALS B45‐08, A.L. Sheldon, 1 ♂ (BPS). Same site, 27 June 2008, ALS B36‐08, A.L. Sheldon, 1 ♂ (BPS).</p> <p>Remarks. The surviving type series of this species includes a male and two females from Sebroang, Borneo (Zwick 1982) and a second male and five female specimens were reported by Stark &amp; Sivec (2007) from East Kalimantan. These males represent the first record of the species from Brunei Darussalam.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A621374904FF90FC6DE8BDFC31304F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stark, Bill P.;Sheldon, Andrew L.	Stark, Bill P., Sheldon, Andrew L. (2009): Records Of Neoperlini (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Brunei Darussalam And Sarawak, With Descriptions Of New Phanoperla Banks And Neoperla Needham Species. Illiesia 5 (2): 11-19, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759022
