taxonID	type	description	language	source
DB8F10A31C6D585D982741886FF5992F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Male of S. liui sp. nov. resembles that of S. hangzhouensis, but can be distinguished from the latter by the base of the lower spine of the conductor wider and with a small spur (Fig. 3 A, B, D-F), and by the tegulum with a small terminal apophysis (Fig. 3 B, C, E, G, H); from that of S. goulouensis by the conductor with a shorter upper spine and the base of the lower spine of the conductor wider with a small spur (Fig. 3 A, B, D-F), and by the marginal tegular apophysis with a slightly helicoid edge (Fig. 3 B, C, E, G, H); from that of S. shuyuan by the contrategulum with an apophysis proximally (Fig. 3 A, D), and by the base of the lower spine of the conductor wider with a small spur (Fig. 3 B, E, F); from that of S. yuping sp. nov. by the conductor with two apical spines (Fig. 3 A, B, D, E), by the contrategulum with smaller marginal teeth (Fig. 3 A, D); from those of other Songthela species by the conductor with two conspicuous apical spines (Fig. 3 A, B, D, E). Females of S. liui sp. nov. can be distinguished from those of S. hangzhouensis by the bases of the median receptacular clusters separated from each other (Fig. 3 I-P); from those of S. shuyuan by the median receptacular clusters with shorter stalks (Fig. 3 I-P); from those of S. yuping sp. nov. by the middle receptacular clusters situated at anterior margin of the bursa copulatrix, and distinctly larger than the lateral ones, and by the middle genital stalks separated from each other basally (Fig. 3 I-P); and from those of other Songthela species by the middle receptacular clusters larger than the lateral ones and the bases of the middle ones close to the lateral ones (Fig. 3 I-P).	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
DB8F10A31C6D585D982741886FF5992F.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype; Fig. 1 E). Carapace dark reddish brown, opisthosoma slightly reddish brown, with 12 dark reddish brown tergites, close to each other, 2 - 6 larger than others, and the 4 th largest; sternum narrow, much longer than wide; a few pointed hairs running over ocular area; chelicerae robust with promargin of cheliceral groove with 9 denticles of variable size; legs with hairs and spines; 7 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 14.25, CL 6.33, CW 5.21, OL 6.78, OW 4.62; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 18.44 (5.26 + 2.44 + 4.01 + 4.40 + 2.33), leg II 18.95 (4.72 + 2.54 + 4.02 + 4.95 + 2.72), leg III 21.33 (5.10 + 2.22 + 4.48 + 6.48 + 3.05), leg IV 27.85 (6.44 + 2.64 + 5.65 + 9.24 + 3.88). Palp. Paracymbium with numerous setae and spines at the tip, with an apophysis ventrally (Fig. 3 B). Contrategulum with a small apophysis and three teeth proximally, the marginal teeth arranged sparsely and gradually split into two edges distally (Fig. 3 A, D). The marginal tegular apophysis and the dorsal extension of terminal tegular apophysis with helicoid edges, and with a small triangular terminal tegular apophysis retrolaterally (Fig. 3 B, C, E, G, H). Conductor smooth, fused with embolus basally, with two apical spines and a spur at the base of the lower spine from ventral view (Fig. 3 A, B, D-F). Embolus with a flat opening distally and numerous ribbed ridges in middle and distal portion (Fig. 3 A-E, G). Female (XUX- 2018 - 381; Fig. 1 D). Carapace dark reddish brown, opisthosoma slightly brown, with 12 dark brown tergites, close to each other, 2 - 6 larger than others, and the 4 th largest; sternum narrow, much longer than wide; a few pointed hairs running over ocular area; chelicerae robust with promargin of cheliceral groove with 13 denticles of variable size; legs with hairs and spines; 7 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 14.97, CL 6.81, CW 5.66, OL 7.17, OW 5.13; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 10.96 (3.67 + 1.81 + 2.46 + 3.02), leg I 13.70 (4.08 + 2.33 + 2.79 + 2.74 + 1.76), leg II 13.40 (4.01 + 2.28 + 2.45 + 2.79 + 1.87), leg III 14.66 (4.17 + 2.28 + 2.73 + 3.39 + 2.09), leg IV 20.35 (5.57 + 2.74 + 3.72 + 5.57 + 2.75). Female genitalia. Two pairs of receptacular clusters with tubular stalks. The middle pair of receptacular clusters situated at anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, separated from each other, larger than the lateral ones. The lateral ones ellipsoidal, situated dorsolaterally with short genital stalks. The bases of the middle receptacular clusters close to those of the lateral ones (Fig. 3 I-P).	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
DB8F10A31C6D585D982741886FF5992F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Mr Fengxiang Liu for his kind instructions on all our collection.	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
DB8F10A31C6D585D982741886FF5992F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Guizhou (Tianzhu, Cengong) Province, China.	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
85C58CB6CA155AB0A6ECA6E567D8FDC9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Songthela males can be distinguished from those of all other Heptathelinae genera by the contrategulum with serrated edges (Figs 3 A, D, G, 4 B, D, G, 5 C, D, G); by the proximal portion of the conductor relatively narrow and smooth, the distal portion gradually narrowed into one long apical spine (Figs 4 D, E, 5 D, E) or two apical spines (Fig. 3 A, B, D, E); and by the distal portion of the embolus slightly sclerotized with a wide and flat opening (Figs 3 A, D, 4 B, D, 5 C, D). Songthela females differ from those of all other Heptathelinae genera by four receptacular clusters separated from each other, the median pair situated along the anterior margin of the bursa copulatrix or close to the dorsal wall of the bursa copulatrix with distinct tubular stalks, the lateral ones located dorsolaterally (Figs 3 I-P, 4 H-O, 5 H-W).	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
85C58CB6CA155AB0A6ECA6E567D8FDC9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Southern China (Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang Provinces) and northern Vietnam (Lao Cai Province).	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
6ED183111FC45F1EB2D502CC71524ED8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Male of S. tianzhu sp. nov. resembles that of S. ciliensis, but can be distinguished from the latter by the apical spine of the conductor with a spinule basally (Fig. 4 D, E), and by the embolus with a curved margin ventrally (Fig. 4 B, E, G); from those of other Songthela species by the smooth conductor with an apical spine, and the apical spine with a spinule basally (Fig. 4 D, E). Females of S. tianzhu sp. nov. resemble those of S. pluma and S. yuping sp. nov., but can be distinguished from those of S. pluma by the stalks of the median pair receptacular clusters fused together basally (Fig. 4 H-K); from those of S. yuping sp. nov. by the trapeziform genital area and the shallower depressions (Fig. 4 H-O); from those of other Songthela species by two pairs of receptacular clusters situated on the dorsal wall of the bursa copulatrix (Fig. 4 H-O).	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
6ED183111FC45F1EB2D502CC71524ED8.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype). Carapace yellow brown; opisthosoma light brown, with 12 dark brown tergites, close to each other, 2 - 6 larger than others, and the 4 th largest; sternum narrow, much longer than wide; a few pointed hairs running over ocular area; chelicerae robust with promargin of cheliceral groove with 9 denticles of variable size; legs with sturdy hairs and spines; 7 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 12.16, CL 5.77, CW 5.02, OL 5.56, OW 3.50; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 18.02 (5.11 + 2.28 + 3.73 + 4.57 + 2.33), leg II 17.09 (4.63 + 1.88 + 3.18 + 5.08 + 2.32), leg III 19.40 (4.59 + 1.96 + 3.90 + 5.76 + 3.19), leg IV 25.91 (6.29 + 2.50 + 5.23 + 8.05 + 3.84). Palp. Paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotized in prolateral view, with several setae and spines on the tip (Fig. 4 A-C). Contrategulum with a distinct apophysis on the proximal portion and a regular dentate edge (Fig. 4 D, E). Tegulum with a slightly dentate marginal apophysis and the dorsal extension of the terminal apophysis, and with a thumb-like terminal tegular apophysis retrolaterally (Fig. 4 F, G). Conductor with a wide base and fused with embolus, the distal portion gradually narrow to a long apical spine with a spinule basally (Fig. 4 D, E). Embolus with a flat opening distally, numerous ribbed ridges in middle and distal portion, and with a curved margin ventrally (Fig. 4 B-G). Female (XUX- 2018 - 339; Fig. 1 I). Carapace dark reddish brown; opisthosoma light brown, with 12 dark brown tergites, close to each other, 2 - 6 larger than others, and the 4 th largest; sternum narrow, much longer than wide; a few pointed hairs running over ocular area; chelicerae robust with promargin of cheliceral groove with 10 denticles of variable size; legs with sturdy hairs and spines; 7 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 11.68, CL 5.52, CW 4.81, OL 5.40, OW 4.33; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 10.32 (3.45 + 1.74 + 2.19 + 2.66), leg I 11.28 (3.62 + 1.98 + 2.20 + 2.03 + 1.45), leg II 10.90 (3.62 + 1.98 + 2.20 + 2.03 + 1.45), leg III 12.09 (3.55 + 2.09 + 2.22 + 2.47 + 1.76), leg IV 17.92 (5.02 + 2.52 + 3.53 + 4.53 + 2.32). Female genitalia. Two pairs of ovoid receptacular clusters with tubular stalks, situated on the dorsal wall of the bursa copulatrix. The median pair slightly larger than (Fig. 4 H, I, K) or similar to (Fig. 4 J) the lateral ones, and the bases of the middle stalks fused together (Fig. 4 H-K).	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
6ED183111FC45F1EB2D502CC71524ED8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
6ED183111FC45F1EB2D502CC71524ED8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Guizhou (Tianzhu), China.	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
572C55C63C36504A890988377D8F5D60.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Male of S. yuping sp. nov. resembles that of S. pluma and S. xiangnan, but can be distinguished from that of S. pluma by the apical spine of the conductor with a spinule basally (Fig. 5 C, D, E), the contrategulum with fewer teeth (Fig. 5 D); from that of S. liui sp. nov. by the conductor with only a long apical spine, and the middle part of conductor covered with numerous small spines (Fig. 5 C-E); from that of S. xiangnan by the blade-shaped spine of the conductor with one tip (Fig. 5 C-E), by the semielliptical contrategulum (Fig. 5 D, G), and by the tegulum with a small terminal apophysis retrolaterally (Fig. 5 B, F); from that of other Songthela species by the conductor covered with several short spines on the middle part (Fig. 5 C-E). Females of S. yuping sp. nov. resemble those of S. pluma and S. tianzhu sp. nov., but can be distinguished from those of S. pluma by the arc-shaped anterior margin of the bursa copulatrix (Fig. 5 H-K, P-S); from those of S. tianzhu sp. nov. by the slightly longer middle genital stalks (Fig. 5 H-W), and by the rectangular genital area and the slightly deeper depressions (Fig. 5 H-K, P-S); from those of S. liui sp. nov. by the two pairs of receptacular clusters situated on the dorsal wall of the bursa copulatrix, and the middle genital stalks fused together basally (Fig. 5 H-W); from those of other Songthela species by four receptacular clusters situated on the dorsal wall of the bursa copulatrix (Fig. 5 H-W).	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
572C55C63C36504A890988377D8F5D60.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype; Fig. 1 N). Carapace yellow brown, opisthosoma slightly brown, with 12 dark brown tergites, close to each other, 2 - 6 larger than others, and the 4 th largest; sternum narrow, much longer than wide; a few pointed hairs running over ocular area; chelicerae robust with promargin of cheliceral groove with 9 denticles of variable size; legs with sturdy hairs and spines; 7 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 9.65, CL 4.53, CW 3.62, OL 4.63, OW 3.28; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 15.40 (4.42 + 2.00 + 3.43 + 3.73 + 1.82), leg II 14.06 (4.15 + 1.85 + 3.48 + 2.90 + 1.68), leg III 17.08 (4.26 + 1.88 + 3.38 + 5.25 + 2.31), leg IV 23.05 (5.66 + 2.18 + 4.59 + 7.37 + 3.25). Palp. Paracymbium with numerous setae and spines at the distal portion (Fig. 5 A). Contrategulum with an irregular dentate edge and an apophysis proximally (Fig. 5 D). Tegulum with a serrated marginal apophysis and a dorsal extension of terminal apophysis, and with a small thumb-like terminal tegular apophysis retrolaterally (Fig. 5 B, F, G). Conductor fused with embolus basally, covered with several small spines in the middle part, and a long blade-shaped apical spine with a spinule basally (Fig. 5 C, D, E). Embolus with a flat opening in distal portion and numerous ribbed ridges in middle and distal portion (Fig. 5 C-G). Female (XUX- 2018 - 382 A; Fig. 1 M). Carapace yellow brown, opisthosoma slightly brown, with 12 dark brown tergites, close to each other, 2 - 6 larger than others, and the 4 th largest; sternum narrow, much longer than wide; a few pointed hairs running over ocular area; chelicerae robust with promargin of cheliceral groove with 12 denticles of variable size; legs with sturdy hairs and spines; 7 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 13.67, CL 6.60, CW 5.43, OL 6.28, OW 5.06; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 11.50 (3.75 + 2.05 + 2.42 + 3.28), leg I 13.37 (4.41 + 2.32 + 2.53 + 2.57 + 1.54), leg II 13.00 (3.85 + 2.30 + 2.27 + 2.79 + 1.79), leg III 13.21 (3.95 + 2.42 + 2.09 + 2.94 + 1.81), leg IV 19.08 (5.35 + 2.64 + 3.35 + 5.38 + 2.36). Female genitalia. Two pairs of receptacular clusters with tubular stalks, situated on the dorsal wall of the bursa copulatrix. The median ones similar to or slightly larger than the lateral ones, with smooth genital stalks and fused together basally (Fig. 5 H-W).	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
572C55C63C36504A890988377D8F5D60.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
572C55C63C36504A890988377D8F5D60.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Guizhou (Yuping), China.	en	Chen, Zhaoyang, Li, Dengqing, Li, Daiqin, Xu, Xin (2021): Three new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1037: 57-71, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.62916
