taxonID	type	description	language	source
8D64666481065807AE4CE8814251FCF4.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Martinella martini (DC.) Baill. [= Martinella obovata (Kunth) Bureau & K. Schum.].	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
8D64666481065807AE4CE8814251FCF4.taxon	description	Description. Lianas. Roots with swollen portions. Branches green or light brown, terete, tetragonal, glabrous, puberulous or pubescent, eglandular trichomes simple, glandular trichomes stipitate or patelliform, with a continuous ridge at the interpetiolar region, with few interpetiolar patelliform trichomes; prophylls of the axillary buds minute, glabrous, puberulous or pubescent. Leaves 2 - foliolate with the terminal leaflet generally modified in a trifid tendril; leaflets membranous, chartaceous or coriaceous, glabrous to pubescent, margins entire, revolute, more conspicuously when dried, with or without mite-domatia, with patelliform glands on the adaxial surface. Inflorescences axillary, botryoid, racemose, or a thyrse. Flowers with calyces tubular-campanulate, irregularly 2 - 4 (- 5) - lobed, lobe apices mucronate or aristate, chartaceous, with scattered patelliform glands; corolla deep purple, lilac, dark magenta or yellow, narrowly tubular at basal portion and wide campanulate at upper portion, straight to slightly curved, membranous, outer surface glabrous, inner surface glabrous with eglandular trichomes concentrated at stamen insertion; stamens included, glabrous, pollen tricolpate and reticulate; ovary terete, smooth, glabrous, with a single series of ovules per placenta, style glabrous, stigma rhombic, glabrous. Capsules drying brown, linear, flattened, smooth, glabrous, with calyx normally persistent; seeds oblong, winged, with wings opaque, green or beige.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
8D64666481065807AE4CE8814251FCF4.taxon	discussion	Discussion. The nomenclatural type of Martinella has been indicated as Martinella martinii (DC.) Baill. ex K. Schum. in earlier treatments of the genus (e. g., Lohmann and Taylor 2014; Zuntini and Lohmann 2014) because Schumann (1894) was the first to explicitly associate the genus name with a species epithet. However, Baillon (1888) provided a footnote that says " Generis typus est Bignonia Martini DC., " representing a valid reference to a previously published basionym, and validly publishing the name Martinella martini (DC.) Baill. (see Art. 41.3 and 38.13 of Turland et al. 2018). As circumscribed here, Martinella comprises five species distributed from southern Mexico to eastern Brazil. A key to all species recognized is given below:	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
81E2D7D4E79E5009AB284CB35F13A0D0.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Guyana. Unknown locality, s. d., Drake s. n. (holotype: K- 000449501 image!).	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
81E2D7D4E79E5009AB284CB35F13A0D0.taxon	description	Description. Lianas; branches with solid pith, tetragonal when mature, cylindrical when young, green with dark blotches, drying brown or black, smooth, glabrescent, with simple eglandular trichomes and scattered patelliform glandular trichomes in higher densities at interpetiolar region; prophylls of the axillary buds covered with simple eglandular trichomes, with few patelliform glands. Leaves 2 - foliolate, with the terminal leaﬂet generally modified into a trifid tendril; petioles terete, pulvinated, 31 - 73 mm long, glabrous, with few patelliform glandular trichomes; petiolules terete, pulvinated, 23 - 65 mm long, glabrous, with few patelliform glandular trichomes; leaﬂets discolor, with abaxial surface lighter than the adaxial surface, coriaceous, ovate, apex acuminate, base cuneate or truncate, margins entire and slightly revolute, 15 - 32 x 8.2 - 23.5 cm, adaxial surface glabrous with simple eglandular trichomes at canaliculi of veins, abaxial surface glabrescent, with patelliform glandular trichomes concentrated near base and scattered along the midvein. Inﬂorescences botryoid, 8.7 - 22.3 cm long, puberulent with simple eglandular trichomes, and stipitate and patelliform glandular trichomes; bracts linear, 1.1 - 1.2 mm long, puberulent, with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes; pedicels terete, 11.1 - 15.2 mm, puberulent, with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes. Flowers with calyx green, chartaceous, campanulate, 11.8 - 16.8 x 5.5 - 8 mm, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes, with few patelliform glandular trichomes, lobes 2 - 4, apex mucronate, puberulent; corolla dark magenta, membranous, 41.3 - 69.4 mm long, narrowly tubular basal portion 15 - 27.4 long x 2.9 - 4.3 mm wide, upper campanulate portion 26.3 - 41.9 long x 12 - 16.6 mm wide, slightly curved, lobes subcircular, ca. 8.7 x 12.7 mm; stamens in two lengths, longer ones 16 - 21.2 mm, shorter ones 9.8 - 14 mm, thecae 2.9 - 3.1 mm, glabrous; staminode ca. 1.8 mm, glabrous; gynoecium 34.8 - 45.2 mm long; ovary glabrous; style glabrous; stigma lanceolate, glabrous; nectariferous disk ca. 4.3 x 0.9 mm. Capsules linear, 70 - 88 x 1.1 - 1.6 cm, glabrous. Seeds ca. 4.7 x 0.9 cm.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
81E2D7D4E79E5009AB284CB35F13A0D0.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Martinella insculpta is widely distributed through Amazonian terra firme forests and Central American wet forests (Fig. 4). This species occurs from 59 - 650 m a. s. l.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
81E2D7D4E79E5009AB284CB35F13A0D0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet means carved, engraved, referring to the aspect of leaflet venation on both sides, but especially on the adaxial surface.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
81E2D7D4E79E5009AB284CB35F13A0D0.taxon	discussion	Discussion. Here we synonymize Martinella iquitoensis under Martinella insculpta. Gentry (1973) synonymized Martinella insculpta A. Samp. under M. obovata, a circumscription that was followed in subsequent taxonomic studies (e. g., Gentry 1977; Gentry 1982). However, the analysis of a large number of living and herbarium specimens of these taxa indicated that the original description and type specimen of M. insculpta actually match the circumscription of M. iquitoensis. Therefore, M. iquitoensis A. Samp. (published in 1935), is here treated as a synonym of Martinella insculpta Sprague & Sandwith (published in 1934). Previous taxonomic studies (Gentry 1982; Zuntini and Lohmann 2014) treated M. insculpta and M. obovata as part of a species complex due to overlapping morphological characters. However, new collections made in the field and a comprehensive analysis of herbarium specimens collected throughout the known geographic range of this species indicated that these two taxa indeed represent distinct units. Our decision to treat these taxa as separate species was based on the following morphological traits: (i) shape of mature stems in cross section (quadrangular in M. insculpta versus cylindrical in M. obovata), (ii) apex of petioles and petiolules (pulvinated in M. insculpta versus non-pulvinated in M. obovata), (iii) leaflet texture and size (coriaceous and consistently larger in M. insculpta versus chartaceous and smaller in M. obovata), and (iv) inflorescence structure (botryoid in M. insculpta and racemose in M. obovata). The combination of these distinctive morphological features allows for the correct identification of specimens that are often misidentified in herbarium sheets. In addition, a densely sampled phylogeny of Martinella revealed that M. insculpta and M. obovata represent distinct evolutionary lineages (Kataoka and Lohmann in prep.) providing further support for the recognition of these two taxa as separate species.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
81E2D7D4E79E5009AB284CB35F13A0D0.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Bolivia. Beni: Province of Vaca Diez, 17 km from the road between Riberalta and Guayaramerin on the old road to Cachuela Esperanza, ca. 18 km E of Riberalta, primary forest, 230 m, 11 ° 3 ' S, 65 ° 50 ' W, 4 Sept 1981, J. C. Solomon 6108 (MO). Brazil. Acre: Bujari, estrada de acesso a area da Floresta do Antimary sem atividade de manejo florestal, 196 m, 9 ° 19 ' 46.1 " S, 68 ° 18 ' 56.2 " W, 10 Dec 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 404 (SPF); Lado direito da entrada da trilha de acesso a torre de observacao, 226 m, 9 ° 20 ' 5.3 " S, 68 ° 19 ' 13.1 " W, 12 Dec 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 407 (SPF). Amapa: Rio Falsino, approx. 10 km upstream of confluence with rio Araguari, west bank, primary forest on terra firme, undulating terrain, 0 ° 50 ' S, 51 ° 45 ' W, 29 Sept 1983, B. V. Rabelo 2386 (SPF). Amazonas: Rainforest, vicinity of Maturaca Mission, near rio Maturaca, on trail to heliport, 19 Oct 1970, J. A. Steyermark 104035 (IAN); Rio Cuieiras just below mouth of rio Branquinho, capoeira, 26 Sept 1971, G. T. Prance 14914 (INPA, MG, R); Rio Purus, rio Ituxi, serra near Namorado Novo between rio Curuquete and rio Madeira at Abuna, forest on Terra Firme, 5 Aug 1971, G. T. Prance 14717 (INPA, MG, R); Barcelos, rio Negro, proximo ao rio Arara, 1 May 1973, A. Loureiro 37901 (INPA, SPF); Humaita, Estrada Humaita-Labrea, km 59, a 6 km ao norte, mata de terra firme, com muito Babassu, 6 Jun 1982, L. O. A. Teixeira 958 (INPA, MG); Manaus, 22 Jun 1882, Schwacke 3610 (RB); A partir da entrada da Reserva pela AM- 010 (km 26), estrada sentido alojamento, lado esquerdo na bifurcacao entre estrada de acesso ao alojamento e estacao meteorologica, 139 m, 2 ° 55 ' 59 " S, 59 ° 58 ' 31.9 " W, 21 Sept 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 344 (SPF); Bosque da Ciencia do INPA, proximo ao Paiol da Cultura, subindo pela escadaria larga, 84 m, 3 ° 5 ' 56.5 " S, 59 ° 59 ' 10.5 " W, 20 Sept 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 342 (SPF); Bosque da Ciencia do INPA, proximo ao tanque dos peixes-boi, 69 m, 3 ° 5 ' 50.6 " S, 59 ° 59 ' 15.1 " W, 20 Sept 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 339 (SPF); Estrada do Aleixo, km 7, 7 Jul 1977, W. A. Rodrigues 9707 (INPA, SPF); Estrada do Aleixo, near Manaus, turnoff to rio Negro at km 11 past INPA, 2 Dec 1974, A. H. Gentry 13024 (INPA); Grounds of INPA at Manaus, 5 Apr 1974, A. H. Gentry 11208 (INPA); Igapo, 14 Jun 1882, C. A. W. Schwacke 425 (R); Igapo, 22 Jun 1882, C. A. W. Schwacke 463 (R); Sede do INPA, estrada do Aleixo, 30 Jul 1973, P. L. Lisboa 6 (INPA); Presidente Figueiredo, Vila de Balbina, Represa da UHE de Balbina, mata de beira de rio, 27 Jun 2007, J. A. C. da Silva 1294 (INPA); Rio Preto da Eva, estrada Manaus-Itacoatiara, km 90, rio Preto, terra firme, solo arenoso, 30 Jul 1961, W. Rodrigues 2203 (INPA); Santa Isabel do Rio Negro, rio Uneiuxi, Maku indian village, 300 km above mouth, indian plantation, 23 Oct 1971, G. T. Prance 15557 (INPA). Mato Grosso: Apiacas, Margem da estrada de acesso Paranaita - Apiacas, 233 m, 9 ° 33 ' 53.3 " S, 57 ° 13 ' 44.5 " W, 12 Nov 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 370 (SPF); Cotriguacu, Margem da estrada de acesso Nova Bandeirante - Cotriguacu, ca. 10 Km apos travessia do rio Juruena, 251 m, 9 ° 52 ' 40.4 " S, 58 ° 15 ' 47.1 " W, 13 Nov 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 372 (SPF). Rondonia: Rio Machado, curso inferior, igapo, Feb 1981, M. Goulding 1324 (MG); Porto Velho, Represa Samuel southern end of E dike near quarry by road, ca. 2 km S of end of main dike, upland hillside forest, 9 ° 00 ' S, 63 ° 15 ' W, 7 Jun 1986, W. Thomas 4974 (INPA). Colombia. Antioquia: Primary / old secondary forest on west bank of river, 2 km N of Quebrada La Tirana, tropical Wet / Very Wet Forest Transition zone, rainfall approx. 4400 mm / year, Vic. Planta Providencia 28 km SW of Zaragoza, valley of Rio Anori in areas surrounding the confluence of Quebrada La Tirana and Rio Anori, approx. 3 km upriver from Planta Providencia, 24 Mar 1977, W. S. Alverson 266 (MO); San Luis, Autopiste Medellin - Bogota, sector Rio Samana - Rio Claro, San Luis - Antioquia, 500 m, 3 Dec 1981, J. J. Hernandez 99 (QCA). Costa Rica. Guanacaste: Liberia, P. N. Guanacaste, cuenca del Tempisque, volcan Orosi, Estacion Biologica Maritza, trail to Cacao Station, ca. 1 km from Maritza comedor, ~ 100 km into first patch of primary forest, N side of trail, 0.1 ha Transect Maritza, premontane moist forest, 650 m, 10 ° 57 ' 19.1748 " N, 85 ° 29 ' 29.6432 " W, 12 Mar 2003, B. Boyle 7052 (MO). Puntarenas: Canton de Garabito, R. B. Carara, cuenca del Tarcoles, sector Bijugual, entrando a los bosques poco intervenidos, 600 m, 9 ° 46 ' 0 " N, 84 ° 34 ' 0 " W, 14 May 1998, A. Rodriguez 3367 (MO). San Jose: Turrubares, San Juan De Mata, area no protegida, Montelimar, 85 m, 9 ° 37 ' 24 " N, 84 ° 29 ' 55 " W, 15 Oct 2001, A. Estrada 3072 (MO); Z. P. La Cangreja, Mastatal de Puriscal, bosque primario en parches remanentes, 300 m, 9 ° 41 ' 45 " N, 84 ° 23 ' 47 " W, 21 Oct 1992, J. F. Morales 910 (MO). Ecuador. Napo: Coca (Puerto Francisco de Orellana), 8 km al N de Coca, bosque humedo tropical, suelo aluvial fertil, bosque secundario, 250 m, 0 ° 24 ' S, 77 ° 0 ' W, 8 Apr 1985, W. Palacios 272 (MO, QCA, QCNE); Pastaza: Kapawi, Rio Pastaza, village area, secondary and primary forests, and pastures, 235 m, 2 ° 31 ' S, 76 ° 48 ' W, 25 - 29 Jul 1989, W. H. Lewis 14026 (QCNE). Panama. Colon, Teck Cominco Petaquilla mining concession, forest along road, 220 m, 8 ° 49 ' 39 " N, 80 ° 40 ' 28 " W, 20 Feb 2008, G. McPherson 20083 (MO). Peru. Huanuco: Carretera marginal (in construction) km 4 - 12 south from Km. 86 of Pulcallpa-Tingo Maria road, 270 m, 8 ° 45 ' S, 75 ° 1 ' W, 1 Jun 1983, A. H. Gentry 41384 (MO). Loreto: Pampa hermosa and vicinity, Rio Corrientes, 1 km S of junction with Rio Macusari, low rainforest, mostly terra firma with scattered white sand, 160 m, 3 ° 15 ' S, 75 ° 50 ' W, 3 - 20 Dec 1985, W. H. Lewis 9975 (MO); Alto Amazonas, Puranchim, rio Sinchiyacu, rainforest, terra firma and palm lowlands, 200 m, 2 ° 50 ' S, 76 ° 55 ' W, 3 - 7 Dec 1988, W. H. Lewis 14389 (MO); Alto Amazonas, Andoas, Capihuari, 5 km NE of Andoas on Rio Capihuari, near Ecuador border along oil pipeline, lateritic uplands alternating with Mauritia swamps, 240 m, 17 Nov 1979, A. H. Gentry 28200 (MO); Primary forest behind Brillo Nuevo, Pebas, Rio Yaguasyacu, Brillo Nuevo, 11 Sept 1981, R. Hahn 123 (MO). Maynas: Iquitos, Carretera de Pena Negra, ca. 7 km de Quisto Cocha, en terreno arenoso, monte despejado, 150 m, 12 Jul 1982, M. Rimachi Y. 6180 (MO); Carretera Iquitos-Nauta, km 45, bosque primario, 120 m, 4 ° 10 ' S, 73 ° 20 ' W, 12 Jun 1987, R. Vasquez 9172 (MO); Iquitos, trail between extension of Yavari and Versailles, mostly highly disturbed upland scrub area, 11 Feb 1974, M. Rimachi Y. 835 (MO); Puerto Almendras, Rio Nanay, bosque primario en suelo con arena blanca, 122 m, 3 ° 48 ' S, 73 ° 25 ' W, 18 Jul 1988, R. Vasquez 10977 (MO); Rio Nanay, Carretera de Picuruyacu, trocha de la granja de la marina, en terreno arenoso, 160 m, 26 Jul 1982, M. Rimachi Y. 6270 (MO); Rio Momon, Momoncillo (Caserio), borde de pastizal de ganado, 17 Aug 1976, J. Revilla 979 (MO); Santo Tomas (Iquitos), 100 m, 3 ° 51 ' S, 73 ° 13 ' W, 14 Apr 1979, F. Ayala 1793 (MO); Napo, Environs of Rio Santa Maria, collected one hour upstream of the Secoya village of " Vencedor ", 4 hours by outboard from the mouth of the Santa Maria river, 100 m, 1 ° 10 ' S, 74 ° 44 ' W, 15 May 1982, S. R. King 492 (MO). Suriname. Brokopondo: Brownsweg, near Brownsweg Nature Park, little disturbed high mesophytic rain forest on slope, gravelly clay soil, 240 m, 4 ° 35 ' 41.28 " N, 55 ° 6 ' 0 " W, 1 Oct 2005, K. Van Kerckhove MVK 114 (SPF). Venezuela. Amazonas: Atures, transecto desde bosque alto denso con tatucos a orillas de rio Cataniapo, hasta bosque medio ralo en parte alta de colina, a 1 km al oeste de San Pedro de Cataniapo, a unos 60 km al sur-este de Puerto Ayacucho, 100 m, 5 ° 38 ' N, 67 ° 10 ' W, 7 Mar 1981, F. Guanchez 923 (MO); Rio Negro, 0 to 2 km west of Cerro de La Neblina base camp, which is on Rio Mawarinuma, 140 m, 0 ° 50 ' N, 66 ° 10 ' W, 7 Feb 1984, R. Liesner 15711 (MO); Near Cerro de La Neblina base camp, which is on Rio Mawarinuma, 140 m, 0 ° 50 ' N, 66 ° 10 ' W, 25 Mar 1984, R. Liesner 16956 (MO); Rio Negro, Neblina Massif, bongo (dugout) trip down rio Mawarinuma for c. 2 km + NW from base camp at mouth of canyon, 140 m, 0 ° 50 ' N, 66 ° 10 ' W, 31 Mar 1984, B. L. Stannard 423 (SPF).	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
A6961E9DB0075302A82479D5742C3EB6.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Brazil. Bahia: Itamaraju, Rodovia Itamaraju-Teixeira de Freitas, 3 km de Itamaraju (BR- 101). Fazenda Chapadao, 3 Nov 1983, R. Callejas, A. M. de Carvalho & L. M. Silva 1629 (holotype: MBM- 94960 image!; isotypes: K- 000977667 image!, MO- 074484 image!, NY- 00483568 image!, RB- 00058792!, CEPEC- 00034725 not seen).	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
A6961E9DB0075302A82479D5742C3EB6.taxon	description	Description. Lianas; branches with solid pith, cylindrical, green, drying brown, striated, pubescent, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; prophylls of the axillary buds densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes. Leaves 2 - foliolate, with the terminal leaﬂet generally modified into a trifid tendril; petioles terete, not pulvinated, 34.6 - 48.4 mm long, covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; petiolules terete, not pulvinated, 13.9 - 26.4 mm long, covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; leaﬂets discolor, with abaxial surface lighter than the adaxial surface, membranous, ovate, apex acuminate to caudate, base cordate, margins entire and slightly revolute, 6.4 - 8.8 x 3.6 - 5.2 cm, adaxial surface glabrous, with stipitate glandular trichomes on the margins and at the canaliculi of main veins, abaxial surface pubescent, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes at main veins, pocket domatia on the axils of primary and secondary veins, few patelliform glandular trichomes concentrated near base and scattered along the midvein. Inﬂorescences in compound thyrses, 7.5 - 11.5 cm long, sparsely to densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; bracts linear to narrowly elliptic, 5.2 - 20.2 x 0.6 - 2.5 mm, pubescent, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; pedicels terete, 6.3 - 11.2 mm, sparsely to densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes. Flowers with calyx pale green, chartaceous, campanulate, 13.1 - 17.2 x 6.1 - 11.9 mm, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes, lobes 5, apex aristate, aristae 1.8 - 4.3 mm long, pubescent, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; corolla yellow, membranous, 41.5 - 47.3 mm long, narrowly tubular basal portion 15.8 - 18.5 mm long x 2.5 - 4.9 mm wide, upper campanulate portion 23.1 - 32 mm long x 12.5 - 15.2 mm wide, slightly curved, lobes subcircular, 7.5 - 9.1 x 8.6 - 9.5 mm; stamens in two lengths, longer ones 12.4 - 13.3 mm, shorter ones 12.0 - 12.5 mm, thecae 2.5 - 2.7 mm, glabrous; staminode 1.3 - 3.4 mm, glabrous; gynoecium 30.9 - 35 mm long; ovary glabrous; style glabrous; stigma lanceolate, glabrous; nectariferous disk 2.3 - 3.1 x 1.0 - 1.2 mm. Capsules linear, 40.2 - 90 x 1.1 - 1.5 cm, pubescent when immature, glabrous when developed. Seeds ca. 4.5 x 1.2 cm.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
A6961E9DB0075302A82479D5742C3EB6.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Martinella insignis is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Eastern Brazil (see Fig. 6), where it grows in sandy soils, in areas between 62 - 590 m a. s. l.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
A6961E9DB0075302A82479D5742C3EB6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet means conspicuous, readily distinguishable, referring to the contrasting corolla color when compared to other species.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
A6961E9DB0075302A82479D5742C3EB6.taxon	discussion	Discussion. Martinella insignis is the only representative of the genus that occurs in the Atlantic Forest, where it is rare, with only a few herbarium collections available to date. In addition, M. insignis is remarkably distinctive from its congeneric species due to the membranous leaflets with pocket-shaped domatia on the abaxial surface, 5 - lobed and aristate calyces, and yellow corollas.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
A6961E9DB0075302A82479D5742C3EB6.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Brazil. Bahia: RPPN Fazenda Riacho das Pedras, prop. Gersino Antonio Bronzon, Mata de Tabuleiro com pequenos disturbios (extracao seletiva), 78 m, 17 ° 8 ' 48 " S, 39 ° 21 ' 53 " W, 12 Feb 2007, R. A. X. Borges 825 (RB, SPF). Espirito Santo: Governador Lindemberg, Pedra de Santa Luzia, prop. Firmino Sottele, 420 - 590 m, 19 ° 17 ' 17 " S, 40 ° 27 ' 56 " W, 7 Nov 2007, V. Demuner 4481 (SPF); Linhares, Reserva Natural Vale. MME, 5 Oct 2011, A. R. Zuntini 321 (SPF); Sooretama, Reserva Natural da Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (" Reserva de Linhares "), 62 m, 19 ° 6 ' 59.7 " S, 40 ° 4 ' 21.7 " W, 14 Dec 2007, A. R. Zuntini 151 (SPF).	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
45968FDFFB895ADCADE53928CD8BC12F.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Peru. Madre de Dios: Tambopata, Dist. Puerto Maldonado, Fundo Concepcion, bosque ribereno, 200 m, 12 ° 32 ' S, 69 ° 03 ' W, 22 Aug 2003, I. Huamantupa, J. Vargas & J. Quispe, 3698 (holotype: SPF- 240817!; isotypes: MO- 2981780 not seen, AMAZ not seen, CUZ not seen, HUT not seen, USM not seen).	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
45968FDFFB895ADCADE53928CD8BC12F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Martinella lanuginosa differs from other Amazonian species of Martinella by the lanuginose leaflets on the abaxial surface and inflorescences arranged in lax thyrses, contrasting with the glabrous or tomentose leaflets on the abaxial surface and inflorescences botryoid or racemose found in all other Amazonian species.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
45968FDFFB895ADCADE53928CD8BC12F.taxon	description	Description. Lianas; branches with solid pith, cylindrical, green, drying light brown, smooth, pubescent, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes, with scattered patelliform glandular trichomes more frequently at interpetiolar region; prophylls of the axillary buds densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes. Leaves 2 - foliolate with the terminal leaﬂet generally modified into a trifid tendril; petioles terete, not pulvinated, 40 - 83.7 mm long, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes with few scattered patelliform glandular trichomes; petiolules terete, not pulvinated, 19.4 - 70.1 mm long, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes and occasional patelliform glandular trichomes; leaﬂets discolor, with abaxial surface lighter than the adaxial surface, chartaceous, ovate, apex acuminate, base cordate, margins entire and slightly revolute, 6.5 - 14.4 x 5.2 - 11.2 cm, adaxial surface glabrous, with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes at canaliculi of veins, abaxial surface lanuginose, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes with few patelliform glandular trichomes distributed along the midvein. Inﬂorescences in thyrses, 6.5 - 11 cm long, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes, with few patelliform glandular trichomes; bracts linear, 1.5 - 3 mm long, puberulent, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; pedicels terete, 6.5 - 15.5 mm, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes. Flowers with calyx chartaceous, campanulate, 18 - 21.6 x 8.9 - 12.3 mm, puberulent, covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes, lobes 2 - 4, apex mucronate, puberulent; corolla lilac, membranous, 62.6 - 69.6 mm long, narrowly tubular basal portion 20.6 - 21.9 mm long x 5.3 - 6.2 mm wide, upper campanulate portion 42 - 47.7 mm long x 16.9 - 20.7 mm wide, lobes subcircular, 7.3 - 8.3 x 12.4 - 13 mm; stamens in two lengths, longer ones 17.9 - 18.6 mm, shorter ones 12.3 - 13.3 mm, thecae 3 - 3.2 mm, glabrous; staminode ca. 1.2 mm, glabrous; gynoecium ca. 42 mm long; ovary glabrous; style glabrous; stigma lanceolate, glabrous; nectariferous disk 3.3 - 3.4 x 1.1 - 1.15 mm. Fruits and seeds not seen.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
45968FDFFB895ADCADE53928CD8BC12F.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Martinella lanuginosa is restricted to terra firme (non-flooded) forests of western Amazon (see Fig. 8), with known occurrences in Brazil (Acre state) and eastern Peru.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
45968FDFFB895ADCADE53928CD8BC12F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet relates to the lanuginose indumentum on the abaxial surface of leaflets that confers a wool-like feel when touched.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
45968FDFFB895ADCADE53928CD8BC12F.taxon	discussion	Discussion. Martinella lanuginosa is a new taxon discovered based on morphology and confirmed to represent an independent lineage based on molecular phylogenetic data (Kataoka and Lohmann in prep.). This new taxon is sister to M. insculpta and M. obovata. Martinella lanuginosa is readily distinguished from its Amazonian sister-taxa by the leaflets lanuginose on the abaxial side (versus glabrescent in M. insculpta), and glabrous in M. obovata (versus tomentose in M. tomentosa). The inflorescence is a lax thyrse that is easily distinguished from the densely arranged thyrse of Martinella tomentosa. Very few specimens of M. lanuginosa have been collected, none of which bear fruits and / or seeds.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
45968FDFFB895ADCADE53928CD8BC12F.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Brazil. Acre: Brasileia, Reserva Extrativista Chico Mendes, seringal Porongaba, colocacao Dois Irmaos, terra firme, 10 ° 51 ' N, 68 ° 48 ' W, 28 Oct 1991, L. Ferreira 109 (NY). Colombia. Bolivar: Turbaco, Fundacion Jardin Botanico " Guillermo Pineres " y alrededore, 130 m, 23 May 1992, R. Rueda 414 (MO). Peru. Loreto: Alto Amazonas, Yurimaguas Estacion Experimental de North Carolina State, 10 years old second growth dominated by Cecropia, on sandy and yellow lateritic soil, 180 m, 9 Oct 1985, A. H. Gentry 52144 (MO). Madre de Dios: Cocha Cashu camp, Manu National Park, Rio Manu, mature forest on alluvial soil, 380 m, 24 Oct 1979, A. H. Gentry 27233 (MO); Manu, Parque Nacional Manu, Estacion Biologica de Cocha Cashu. Mature floodplain, 150 m, 11 ° 54 ' S, 71 ° 22 ' W, 6 Jun 2001, L. G. Lohmann 616 (MO).	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
AA9F65073CFB5D8984C1E2B8E94D2501.taxon	description	Description. Lianas; branches with solid pith, cylindrical, green, drying brown, smooth, puberulent, covered with few stipitate glandular trichomes, with scattered patelliform glandular trichomes more frequently at interpetiolar region; prophylls of the axillary buds covered with simple eglandular trichomes. Leaves 2 - foliolate, with the terminal leaﬂet generally modified into a trifid tendril; petioles terete, not pulvinated, 8.5 - 66 mm long, covered with stipitate glandular trichomes, with few scattered patelliform glandular trichomes; petiolules terete, not pulvinated, 5 - 40.4 mm long, covered with stipitate glandular trichomes, with occasional patelliform glandular trichomes; leaﬂets discolor, with abaxial surface lighter than the adaxial surface (silver-like color), chartaceous, ovate, apex acuminate, base cordate, margins entire and slightly revolute, 7.9 - 13.2 x 3.0 - 9.4 cm, adaxial surface glabrous, with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes at canaliculi of veins, abaxial surface glabrescent, with patelliform glandular trichomes concentrated near the base and scattered along the midvein. Inﬂorescences racemose, 11.9 - 15.5 cm long, sparsely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate and patelliform glandular trichomes; bracts linear, 1.5 - 2 mm long, puberulent, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes; pedicels terete, 4 - 12.7 mm, puberulent, with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes. Flowers with calyx green, chartaceous, campanulate, 11.9 - 17.6 x 4.8 - 9.6 mm, puberulent, sparsely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes, with few patelliform glandular trichomes, lobes 2 - 4, apex mucronate, puberulent; corolla light lilac to dark magenta, membranous, 55.2 - 58.5 mm long, narrowly tubular basal portion 15.6 - 17.2 long x 4.2 - 5.3 mm wide, upper campanulate portion 16.1 - 18.7 mm long x 14 - 15 mm wide, lobes subcircular, 10.5 - 11.7 x 12.7 - 15.7 mm; stamens in two lengths, longer ones 16 - 20 mm, shorter ones 12 - 12.6 mm, thecae 2.5 - 3.1 mm, glabrous; staminode 0.8 - 1 mm, glabrous; gynoecium 34 - 36.3 mm long; ovary glabrous; style glabrous; stigma lanceolate, glabrous; nectariferous disk 3.2 - 3.6 x 1.3 mm. Capsules linear, 20.5 - 116 x 1.1 - 2 cm, glabrous. Seeds ca. 4 x 1.1 cm.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
AA9F65073CFB5D8984C1E2B8E94D2501.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Martinella obovata is widely distributed through Amazonian terra firme forests and wet forests of southern Mexico and Central America (Fig. 10). This species occurs between 0 - 1700 m a. s. l., in a wide range of forested habitat types.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
AA9F65073CFB5D8984C1E2B8E94D2501.taxon	discussion	Discussion. Martinella obovata is diagnosable by a combination of cylindrical stems in cross section, glabrous leaflets, racemose inflorescence, and calyx covered with simple eglandular and stipitate glandular trichomes. Martinella obovata is the most widely distributed species in the genus and occurs from southern Mexico to the southern Amazon in a wide altitudinal range. Despite the wide geographic and elevational range, no clear morphological discontinuities were identified in our study. However, as expected, we did find some variation especially considering plasticity to local environmental conditions, such as thicker leaves in specimens collected at localities associated with rocky outcrops. Based on the morphological evidence and robust molecular phylogenetic data (Kataoka and Lohmann in prep.), we recognize a broadly distributed M. obovata. The widespread M. obovata recognized here includes multiple synonyms, several of which required the designation of lectotypes or neotypes. During Alwyn Gentry's prolific career, he published many taxonomic treatments and Floras in which he listed several types and unintentionally designated lectotypes. For example, Gentry (1973) unintentionally designated lectotypes for Bignonia fockeana Miq. and Tabebuia cordata Benth. The specimens designated as lectotypes are in good condition, allowing for an accurate identification of these taxa, representing good lectotypes. Some of Gentry's unintentional lectotypes were first-step lectotypifications (see Art. 9.17 of Turland et al. 2018), requiring second-step lectotypes. When appropriate, the required second-step lectotypes are proposed here. For example, in the protologue of Bignonia martini, De Candolle (1845) specifically cited a specimen collected by Martin in Cayenne (French Guiana). Gentry (1973) cited as " type " collections made by J. Martin in French Guiana deposited at U and US. We found additional collections made by J. Martin in Cayenne that were annotated as " Type " and " Isotype " deposited at P. One of those specimens bears flowers, is in good condition and has a stamp that indicates " Type ". This material is here selected as a second-step lectotype. Duplicates (isolectotypes) of the type collection are deposited at P, U and US. Bignonia longisiliqua Bertero ex Spreng. (Sprengel 1825) and Bignonia longisiliqua Vell. (Vellozo 1825 [1829]) are illegitimate homonyms of Bignonia longisiliqua Jacq. (Jacquin 1780). While B. longisiliqua Bertero ex Spreng. is a synonym of M. obovata, Bignonia longisiliqua Vell. is a synonym of Catalpa longissima (Jacq.) Dum. Cours., and Bignonia longisiliqua Jacq. is a synonym of Stizophyllum perforatum (Cham.) Miers. Bignonia longisiliqua Bertero ex Spreng. was described based on a specimen from " Ad fl. Magdalen. " (Magdalena river, Colombia) collected by C. L. G. Bertero. However, the referred specimen was never mentioned in subsequent taxonomic studies and could not be located. Instead, a specimen collected by C. L. G. Bertero in Santa Martha (Colombia) was cited by De Candolle (1845). Doxantha longisiliqua Miers is a new name subsequently published based on a specimen from " Sa. Martha " (Colombia), also collected by C. L. G. Bertero, with explicit reference to the specimen cited in De Candolle (1845). We found two specimens collected by Bertero in Santa Martha, one deposited at G-DC and the other deposited at MO. These specimens were identified as types of Bignonia longisiliqua Bertero ex Spreng., with the specimen at MO (barcode MO- 074584) including a " Type Specimen " stamp. However, we did not find any publication citing the MO specimen as a nomenclatural type. In addition, it is likely that the specimen from Magdalena river that Sprengel used to describe B. longisiliqua was destroyed at B, where many specimens were held after 1890, including some of those collected by Bertero (Stafleu and Cowan 1976). Therefore, we designate the well-preserved specimen deposited at G-DC as a neotype for Bignonia longisiliqua Bertero ex Spreng. Lastly, the collection year written on the label " 1822 " is likely wrong because C. L. G. Bertero's travels in the West Indies were from 1816 - 1821 (Stafleu and Cowan 1976). Given this information, we could not confidently assign the MO specimen as a duplicate (isoneotype). In the original description of Martinella gollmeri, a specimen collected in Venezuela by J. Gollmer is cited. This specimen was most likely destroyed at B; no isotypes or illustrations have been found, and a neotype from Venezuela that matches the original description is here designated as a neotype. The holotype of Arrabidaea duckei A. Samp. is interpreted to be mounted in two sheets, as both sheets have the same accession number (24094) written on their labels. Sheet 1 (RB- 00536852) is a better material with leaves and an immature fruit.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
AA9F65073CFB5D8984C1E2B8E94D2501.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Belize. Cayo: Hummingbird highway, south of Belmopan, vicinity of mile 28, premontane wet forest, 70 m, 14 Jun 1973, A. H. Gentry 8250 (MO); Vicinity of Grano de Oro lumber camp south of Millionario, disturbed forest and roadside, 500 m, 2 Jun 1973, A. H. Gentry 7767 (MO). Bolivia. Beni: Jose Ballivian, Comunidad Galilea, Canchon Tierra Negra, 200 m, 14 ° 30 ' S, 66 ° 37 ' W, 21 Oct 1994, E. Rivero 183 (SPF); Isla de Espiritu, Prov. Ballivian, Espiritu en la zona de influencia del rio Yacuma. Sabana humeda, 200 m, 13 Apr 1981, St. G. Beck 5372 (MO). La Paz: Franz Tamayo, Madidi, Chalalan, Sendero Silvador, bosque amazonico preandino estacional, 350 m, 14 ° 25 ' 23 " S, 67 ° 55 ' 26 " W, 24 Nov 2004, A. Araujo-M 1532 (SPF); Prov. Nor Yungas, 4.1 km N of (below) Yolosa on road to Caranavi, secondary growth, roadside, 1200 m, 16 ° 11 ' S, 67 ° 44 ' W, 6 Oct 1984, J. C. Solomon 12474 (MO). Santa Cruz: Prov. Ichilo, Parque Amboro, Rio Semayo, Nueva Palestina, a 35 km al E de la Ciudad de Santa Cruz, 480 m, 17 ° 45.5 ' S, 63 ° 32 ' W, 4 Mar 1990, R. C. Quevedo S. 51 (MO); Sara, Camino de Santa Rosa del Sara a Buen Retiro, 274 m, 17 ° 13 ' 57 " S, 63 ° 39 ' 1 " W, 7 Jan 2009, G. A. Parada 1394 (SPF). Brazil. Acre: Bujari, margem direita do rio Antimary, sentido jusante a partir da ponte da BR- 364, 154 m, 9 ° 28 ' 52.3 " S, 68 ° 20 ' 55 " W, 11 Dec 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 406 (SPF); Mancio Lima, Sao Domingos, Campina, solo arenoso humoso, 7 ° 23 ' 57 " S, 72 ° 45 ' 41 " W, 23 Oct 1998, C. A. C. Ferreira 11751 (INPA); Rio Branco, proximo ao predio do Herbario UFACPZ, ca. 60 m apos fim da trilha de acesso do campus ao herbario, 182 m, 9 ° 57 ' 26.5 " S, 67 ° 52 ' 27.8 " W, 06 Dec 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 390 (SPF). Amapa: Coastal Region survey, right bank of rio Flechal, 1 ° 45 ' N, 50 ° 58 ' W, 13 Aug 1962, J. M. Pires 52504 (IAN, MG); Rio Araguari, terra firme, baixa, 22 Jul 1951, R. L. Froes 27594 (IAN, R); Rio Araguari, along river between Mongubas and Serra do Navio, 0 ° 42 ' N, 51 ° 45 ' W, 25 Sept 1961, J. M. Pires 51176 (IAN, INPA, MG); Rio Araguari, porto Platon, 18 Sept 1961, J. M. Pires 51057 (IAN, MG); Matapi, mata baixa, terra firme, solo argiloso e umido, 28 Dec 1976, B. G. S. Ribeiro 1645 (MG); Porto Grande, Fazenda Governador, Aporema, 10 Nov 1982, M. Dantas 1428 (IAN); Oiapoque: Amapa, Parque Nacional do Cabo Orange, igarape Cova da Onca, 2 ° 56 ' 26.24 " N, 50 ° 59 ' 3.147 " W, 3 Aug 2006, S. R. M. Silva 62 (MG). Amazonas: Estrada Manaus-Caracarai km 39, Reserva Experimental de Silvicultura Tropical, terra firme, solo arenoso, campina, 12 Sept 1977, J. Ribamar 189 (INPA); Km 65, on road from Manaus to Boa Vista, manioc plantation, sandy soil, 22 Jul 1974, A. Lasseign P 21164 (INPA); Mindu, em capoeira, 5 Sept 1947, T. Guedes 14 (IAN, RB); Rio Negro, proximo ao rio Arara, 2 ° acampamento da SIDERAMA, mata de terra firme, solo arenoso, 2 May 1973, A. A. Loureiro 37946 (INPA, RB, SPF); Barcelos, Parque Nacional do Jau, margem direita do Rio Negro, 35 m, 1 ° 49 ' 59.8 " S, 61 ° 29 ' 38.5 " W, 6 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 247 (SPF); Rio Negro, between Ilha da Silva & Tapuruquara, 15 Oct 1971, G. T. Prance 15281 (INPA); Humaita, Estrada Humaita-Labrea, km 77, igarape na beira da estrada, latossolo, 11 Jun 1982, L. O. A. Teixeira 1076 (INPA); Itapiranga, Rio Uatuma, em frente ao igarape Sta. Lizia, 1 km da margem direita do rio, mata de terra firme, solo argiloso, 16 Aug 1979, C. A. Cid 448 (INPA); Labrea, Rio Ituxi, vicinity of Boca do Curuquete, 8 Jul 1971, G. T. Prance 14014 (INPA); Manaus, banks of rio Taruma and Praia Dourada, sandy substrate, 14 Dec 1974, A. H. Gentry 13292 (INPA); BR 17, igarape da Bolivia, terra firme, arenoso, capoeira, 3 Jun 1955, J. Chagas s. n. (INPA, MG); Cabeceira do igarape da Cachoeira Alta, terreno arenoso, capoeira, 28 Nov 1960, W. Rodrigues 1956 (IAN, INPA); Campos Sales, igarape da Cachoeira Alta do Taruma, terra umida, 22 Sept 1954, J. C. de Almeida s. n. (INPA); Campos Sales, km 10 da BR- 17, terreno alagadico, 30 Aug 1954, J. Chagas s. n. (INPA); Estrada da Forquilha solo arenoso, capoeira fechada, terra umida, 11 Oct 1956, J. Chagas s. n. (INPA); Estrada do Aleixo, km 7 entrada a esquerda, terra firme, arenoso, capoeira aberta, 24 Aug 1956, F. Mello s. n. (INPA); Igarape da Cachoeira Alta do Taruma, terra firme, solo arenoso, capoeira, 17 Sept 1962, W. Rodrigues 4635 (INPA); Igarape da Cachoeira Alta, solo arenoso, umido, capoeira, 11 Dec 1961, W. Rodrigues 3846 (INPA); Km 10 da estrada do Aleixo, terra firme, arenoso, capoeira aberta, 14 Sept 1955, D. Coelho s. n. (INPA); Margem do igarape da Bolivia, estrada da BR - 17, terra firme, arenosa, capoeira, 3 Jun 1955, J. C. de Almeida s. n. (INPA); Margem do igarape da Bolivia terra firme, arenoso, capoeira baixa, aberta, 27 Jul 1956, D. Coelho s. n. (INPA); Margem do igarape do Binda, terreno firme, arenoso, capoeira baixa, aberta, 27 Jul 1956, D. F. Coelho 4001 (IAN); Margem do igarape do Mariano terra firme, arenoso, capoeira, alta, 31 Jul 1956, F. C. Mello 4016 (IAN, INPA); Margem do igarape do parque 10, terra firme, arenoso, capoeira grossa, 6 Sept 1955, F. C. Mello 1830 (INPA, MG); Parque 10 de Novembro, terra firme, umido, arenoso, capoeira fechada, alta, 29 Feb 1956, J. Chagas s. n. (INPA); Ponta Negra, 11 Feb 1977, M. Silva 2089 (INPA); Ponta Negra, campina de solo arenoso, 22 Jun 1961, W. Rodrigues 2059 (INPA); Praia de Lajes, opposite meeting of the waters, Manaus, 11 Feb 1977, G. T. Prance 24374 (INPA); Ramal Pau Rosa, na margem de um pequeno igarape, 52 m, 02 ° 50 ' 42 " S, 60 ° 14 ' 12 " W, 11 Jun 2011, R. Goldenberg 1554 (INPA); Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, rodovia Manaus-Itacoatiara, km 26, lateral Oeste-Acara, floresta de baixio, 2 ° 53 ' S, 59 ° 58 ' W, 9 Aug 1995, C. A. Sothers 558 (INPA, SPF); Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, rodovia Manaus-Itacoatiara, km 26, saida do Igarape Acara, area alterada, solo argiloso, proximo ao baixio / igarape, 02 ° 53 ' S, 59 ° 58 ' W, 6 Jun 1997, C. A. Sothers 1013 (INPA); Trilha proxima a entrada da Reserva Ducke pela AM- 010 (km 26), ca. 300 m a partir da portaria da Reserva, trilha paralela a rodovia, 80 m, 2 ° 54 ' 49.72 " S, 59 ° 58 ' 50.24 " W, 22 Sept 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 346 (SPF); Maues, rio Maues-Assu, lado oposto a cidade de Maues, capoeira de terra firme, solo argilo-arenoso, 3 ° 23 ' S, 57 ° 45 ' W, 21 Jul 1983, C. A. Cid 4244 (INPA); Presidente Figueiredo, Balbina 193 km de Manaus, 12 Aug 1986, C. A. A. Freitas 156 (INPA); Entorno, entrada a direita na estrada indo para a vila, depois da entrada para o CPPMA, 1 ° 00 ' S, 59 ° 00 ' W, 29 Nov 2006, J. G. de Carvalho-Sobrinho 1246 (INPA, SPF); Entorno, picada da Sucuarana, 11 Jul 2007, S. Sakagawa 435 (INPA, SPF); Rio Preto da Eva, 2 - 5 km N of Manaus-Itacoatiara road at Km 79 near Rio Preto da Eva, 100 - 200 m, 24 Nov 1974, A. H. Gentry 12836 (INPA); Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira, road Camanaus-Uaupes near Camanaus, caatinga on white sand, terra firme, 1 Nov 1971, G. T. Prance 15986 (INPA); Tabatinga, proximo ao aeroporto, sub-base do projeto RADAM / BRASIL, quadricula SB- 19 xA, ponto 02, 1 May 1976, C. D. A. Mota 358 (INPA, MG). Goias: Alto Horizonte, Estrada para o trevinho, na ponte do rio Formiga, mata de galeria, 324 m, 14 ° 9 ' 1 " S, 49 ° 17 ' 9 " W, 1 May 2012, J. E. Q. Faria 2653 (SPF). Maranhao: Viana, Jan 1960, O. de Carvalho 13 (RB); Mato Grosso: Aripuana, Margem direita do rio Aripuana, acesso pelo ' Balneario Oasis', acima da cachoeira, 224 m, 10 ° 9 ' 53.1 " S, 59 ° 27 ' 44.9 " W, 14 Nov 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 380 (SPF); Cotriguacu, Margem esquerda do rio Juruena, sentido montante, a partir da area de embarque da balsa, 192 m, 9 ° 55 ' 13.6 " S, 58 ° 15 ' 4.2 " W, 15 Nov 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 381 (SPF); Rio Juruena, ilha proximo a margem esquerda do rio, 199 m, 9 ° 54 ' 2.8 " S, 58 ° 13 ' 38.8 " W, 15 Nov 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 383 (SPF); Juara, margem direita do rio Apiacas, junto a primeira cachoeira, salto Apiacas, solo arenoso umido, floresta aluvial, 26 May 1988, M. Macedo 1918 (INPA). Para: Aramanahy, low and high land, 11 Jan 1932, M. D. Cost 255 (IAN); Approx. 18 km east of Tucurui and rio Tocantins, by BR 263, white-sand campina and campina forest (campinarana), 3 ° 30 ' S, 49 ° 32 ' W, 28 Oct 1981, D. C. Daly 1016 (INPA, MG); Beira do rio Mapua, varzea, entre Vila Emilia e Boca do Mapua, 18 Jul 1950, G. A. Black 50 - 9804 (IAN); Beira do rio Moju, fabrica e cereanias, 1 Jun 1954, G. A. Black 54 - 16288 (IAN); Cacaual Grande, lado W do Canal Novais Filho, capoeira de varzea, 4 Jul 1952, G. A. Black 52 - 15399 (IAN, RB); Km 15, Belem Brasilia highway E of Belem, near check point, 9 Dec 1974, A. H. Gentry 13159 (IAN, INPA, MG); Km 56 da BR- 163, O. H. Knowles 1476 (MG); Regiao do Anapu, rio Pracajai, Portel, 16 Sept 1956, R. L. Froes 32723 (IAN); Afua, Rio Cajuuna, mata de varzea, margem inundavel, 12 a 02 Sept - Oct 1992, U. N. Maciel 1899 (MG); Alemquer, varzea, Amazonian Costa Rica, 28 Jul 1903, A. Ducke s. n. (MG); Anajas, Jun 1900, A. Ducke s. n. (MG); Aramanai, Belterra, Jan 1932, R. C. Monteiro da Costa 255 (R); Aveiro, orla da mata firme, rio Tapajos, 2 Apr 1924, J. G. Kuhlmann 1887 (R, RB); Barcarena, Itupanema, quintal, 23 Oct 1985, M. C. Amorozo 220 (MG); Belem, Baixa da Pedreira, 3 Nov 1960, E. Oliveira 1146 (IAN); Capoeira do Black, 25 m, 1 ° 26 ' 11.1 " S, 48 ° 26 ' 37 " W, 04 Nov 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 360 (SPF); Capoeira do Black, 25 m, 1 ° 26 ' 11.1 " S, 48 ° 26 ' 37 " W, 04 Nov 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 361 (SPF); Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, capoeira do Black, A. C. da S. Andrade 141 (IAN); IPEAN grounds, forest edge and roadside second growth, alt. near sea level, 7 Dec 1974, A. H. Gentry 13123 (IAN, INPA, MG); On lands of Instituto Agronomico do Norte, 2 K SO of Administration Building, near Rio Guama, 15 Feb 1944, A. Silva 117 (IAN); Parque do Utinga, aproximadamente 1,5 km da entrada do parque a direita, tres metros da beira da estrada, 8 Jul 2011, F. F. P. Castro s. n. (MG); Benevides, rua na beira da BR 316, no balneario Olho d'agua, 1 ° 21 ' 19 " S, 48 ° 15 ' 47 " W, 31 Oct 2012, M. P. do Nascimento 521 (IAN); Breves, local onde foi feito um inventario florestal, Oct-Nov 1957, J. M. Pires 6653 (IAN); Gurupa, rio Moju, afluente do rio Amazonas, proximo ao porto de Gurupa, varzea alta, 8 Dec 1991, G. dos Santos 314 (MG); Rio Moju, afluente do rio Amazonas, proximo ao porto de Gurupa, varzea alta, 8 Dec 1991, G. dos Santos 317 (MG); Monte Alegre, Rio Maicuru, varzea, 12 Sept 1953, R. L. Froes 30203 (IAN); Oriximina, rio Paru do oeste, mata de beira de rio, solo argiloso, 5 Sept 1980, C. A. Cid 2155 (INPA, MG, RB); Ourem, 1 ° 32 ' 51 " S, 47 ° 6 ' 36 " W, Oct 2011, F. C. A. Lucas 228 (IAN); Capoeira, 5 Dec 1903, R. S. Rodr. s. n. (MG); Paragominas, Rodovia Belem-Brasilia. Rio Uraim, beira do rio, terreno alagado, 18 Jan 1966, M. Silva 452 (MG); Porto Trombetas, mineracao rio do norte, 1991, E. Soares 545 (INPA); Mineracao rio do norte, 1991, E. Soares 766 (INPA); Mineracao rio do norte, restinga do rio Trombetas 1991, E. Soares 345 (INPA); Mineracao rio do norte, restinga do rio Trombetas, 3 Jul 1991, O. H. Knowles 1732 (INPA); Primavera, Subindo o rio Quatipuru, aproximadamente 5 km da ilha de Macaranduba, capoeira baixa, 24 Nov 1993, R. Lisboa 2992 (MG); Santarem, Km 35 da estrada do Palhao, arredores do acampamento do igarape Curupira, capoeira, beira do igarape, 30 Aug 1969, M. Silva 2446 (MG); Rio Curuauna, varzea inundavel, regiao do planalto de Santarem onde foi feito o levantamento estatistico florestal pelo IAN, SPVEA e FAO, Oct 1954, R. L. Froes 31360 (IAN); Tapeirinha para Santarem, terra firme, 25 Dec 1958, F. Markgraf 3872 (RB); Vitoria do Xingu, Usina Hidreletrica de Belo Monte, 19 Jun 2012, L. S. Lima 417 (MG). Rondonia: Porto Velho, BR 364, Rio Novo proximo ao acesso a UHE de Samuel, mata secundaria, solo argilo-arenoso, 16 Aug 1987, A. Vasques 18 (INPA); Mata ciliar, UHE - Samuel, Rio Jamari, montante da UHE, margem direita, 10 May 1988, M. Pereira 230 (RB). Roraima: Boa Vista, T. F. de Roraima, terra firme, beira do rio, 20 Feb 1964, M. Silva 16 (IAN, MG); Caracarai, margem direita do Rio Branco, 26 m, 1 ° 2 ' 50.3 " S, 61 ° 52 ' 6.7 " W, 8 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 273 b (SPF); Rorainopolis, confluencia Rio Negro / Rio Branco, margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 33 m, 1 ° 23 ' 30.2 " S, 61 ° 50 ' 20.7 " W, 7 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 250 (SPF); Foz do rio Branco no rio Negro, mata de igapo com interferencia da agua branca do rio Branco, 1 ° 23 ' 27.1 " S, 61 ° 50 ' 31.6 " W, 13 May 2015, B. M. Gomes 647 (SPF); Margem a jusante do rio Branco, borda de mata de varzea, 22 m, 1 ° 4 ' 41.92 " S, 61 ° 51 ' 7.33 " W, 8 Jun 2016, A. Frazao 267 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 27 m, 1 ° 17 ' 42.2 " S, 61 ° 51 ' 1.7 " W, 10 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 330 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 28 m, 0 ° 38 ' 47.7 " S, 61 ° 49 ' 15.3 " W, 9 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 309 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 28 m, 0 ° 38 ' 47.9 " S, 61 ° 49 ' 15.5 " W, 9 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 310 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 28 m, 0 ° 38 ' 54.1 " S, 61 ° 49 ' 18.2 " W, 9 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 311 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 28 m, 0 ° 38 ' 54.1 " S, 61 ° 49 ' 18.2 " W, 9 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 312 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 28 m, 0 ° 50 ' 30.3 " S, 61 ° 51 ' 4.6 " W, 8 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 289 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 28 m, 0 ° 50 ' 30.3 " S, 61 ° 51 ' 4.6 " W, 8 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 290 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 28 m, 1 ° 16 ' 41.8 " S, 61 ° 50 ' 13.9 " W, 10 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 329 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 28 m, 1 ° 5 ' 46.9 " S, 61 ° 52 ' 7.4 " W, 10 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 324 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 29 m, 1 ° 23 ' 9.4 " S, 61 ° 50 ' 54.4 " W, 7 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 251 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 30 m, 0 ° 39 ' 20.1 " S, 61 ° 49 ' 32.1 " W, 9 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 313 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 31 m, 1 ° 23 ' 2.8 " S, 61 ° 51 ' 3.7 " W, 7 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 252 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 31 m, 1 ° 23 ' 22.9 " S, 61 ° 50 ' 38 " W, 10 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 332 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 33 m, 0 ° 40 ' 57.1 " S, 61 ° 50 ' 37.8 " W, 8 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 302 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 34 m, 1 ° 20 ' 39.7 " S, 61 ° 52 ' 5.2 " W, 7 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 262 (SPF); Margem esquerda do Rio Branco, 37 m, 0 ° 50 ' 32.4 " S, 61 ° 51 ' 5.7 " W, 8 Jun 2016, E. Y. Kataoka 288 (SPF). Colombia. Amazonas: Leticia, Parque Nacional Natural Amacayacu, cerca de la Cabana en la boca del rio Amacayacu, bosque secundario, 14 Jun 1992, R. Rueda 525 (MO). Antioquia: Caceres, 10 - 15 km NE de Caceres en la Troncal de la paz, 180 m, 7 ° 40 ' N, 75 ° 22 ' W, 6 Nov 1987, R. Callejas 5380 (MO). Bolivar: Isla de Baru, entre Santa Ana y Playa Mojana, 20 m, 25 Aug 1986, H. Cuadros 3070 (MO); Road to Pta. Baru, W of Cartagena across Canal de Dique, scrubby (dry) forest remnants, 20 m, 10 ° 18 ' N, 75 ° 35 ' W, 4 Jul 1984, A. H. Gentry 47648 (MO); Cartagena, Along road ca. 7 km SW of Arroyo Grande, old secondary vegetation, 70 m, 10 ° 36 ' N, 75 ° 24 ' W, 31 Jul 1985, J. L. Zarucchi 3901 (MO); Morales, Cgto Norosi, caminoa Tiquisionuevo, 200 m, Apr 1985, H. Cuadros 2126 (MO); San Juan, Loma de los colorados, 2 km S of San Juan, disturbed moist forest, 300 m, 9 ° 58 ' N, 75 ° 10 ' W, 27 Oct 1989, A. H. Gentry 68258 (MO); Turbaco, Camino al depositario, 100 m, 8 Jun 1982, H. C. Villalobos 1373 (MO). Cordoba: Ayapel, Carreteable a Ayapel de la Carretera Caucasia - Nechi, Finca del diamante, 50 m, 8 ° 12 ' N, 74 ° 47 ' W, 5 May 1999, F. J. Roldan 2807 (MO); Junction of rio Tigre and rio manso, Paramillo National Park, transect no. 6, 200 m, 7 ° 30 ' N, 76 ° 5 ' W, 28 Jul 1988, A. H. Gentry 63841 (MO). Caqueta: Solano, Sitio Araracuara, pista de aterrizaje, colecciones sobre afloramiento rocoso, 200 m, 0 ° 35 ' S, 72 ° 25 ' W, 10 - 25 May 1998, M. V. Arbelaez 1088 (MO). Choco: Riosucio, Peye, orillas del rio Peye, 30 m, 5 Jun 1976, E. Forero 1874 (INPA). Sucre: San Onofre, corregimiento " Las Brisas ", clto de " Salas ", Arroyo " Mambu ", 11 Sept 1996, A. Realpe 229 (SPF). Valle: Bajo Calima, pluvial forest, road to Juanchaco Palmeras, 100 m, 3 ° 55 ' N, 77 ° 2 ' W, 10 Jul 1984, A. H. Gentry 47843 (MO). Costa Rica. Alajuela: San Isidro de San Ramon, 1259 m, 10 ° 4 ' 46 " N, 84 ° 26 ' 30 " W, 25 Oct 1986, G. Herrera 123 (MO); Canton de Upala, Z. P. Tenorio, cordillera de Guanacaste, Bijagua, primary forest on a ridge at Volcan Tenorio, premontane rainforest, 1000 - 1500 m, 10 ° 43 ' 0 " N, 85 ° 1 ' 0 " W, 20 Apr 1995, D. Penneys 485 (MO). Guanacaste: Liberia, P. N. Guanacaste, cuenca del Tempisque, estacion Cacao, alrededores de la estacion, 1100 m, 10 ° 55 ' 36 " N, 85 ° 28 ' 6 " W, 7 Aug 2007, A. Soto 1822 (MO); P. N. Guanacaste, cordillera de Guanacaste, Estacion Cacao, Sendero Maritza, 1100 m, 10 ° 55 ' 43 " N, 85 ° 28 ' 10 " W, 9 Feb 1995, L. Angulo 42 (MO); P. N. Guanacaste, cuenca del Tempisque sector Cacao, hacia la estacion de 1.5 km, despues del rio Gongora, 650 m, 10 ° 53 ' 10.421 " N, 85 ° 28 ' 19 " W, 30 Apr 2000, L. Acosta 1057 (MO); P. N. Rincon de la Vieja, cuenca del Tempisque, sendero hacia el crater, 1004 m, 10 ° 47 ' 19.3 " N, 85 ° 20 ' 57 " W, 31 May 2011, L. D. Vargas 4556 (MO); Parque Nacional de Guanacaste estacion Cacao, 1100 m, 10 ° 55 ' 45 " N, 85 ° 28 ' 15 " W, 31 Oct 1993, C. Chavez 332 (MO); Parque Rincon de La Vieja, del mirador siguiendo la fila al volcan Santa Maria, 1100 m, 10 ° 46 ' N, 85 ° 49 ' W, 22 Nov 1987, G. Herrera 1364 (MO). Heredia: La Selva, Rio Sarapiqui near Puerto Viejo, tropical wet forest, junction SSO and LOC trails, 100 m, 10 ° 26 ' N, 84 ° 1 ' W, 8 Jan 1993, A. H. Gentry 78642 (MO). Puntarenas: Monteverde, Pacific slope forest, 1450 m, 8 Aug 1985, W. A. Haber 2204 (MO); Monteverde, Pacific slope forest, 1450 m, 8 Aug 1985, W. A. Haber 2211 (MO); Golfito, P. N. Corcovado, peninsula de Osa, Estacion Sirena, sendero Espaveles, 0 m, 8 ° 28 ' 51 " N, 83 ° 35 ' 42 " W, 16 Jan 1997, R. Aguilar 4986 (MO); Refugio de Vida Silvestre Golfito, camino a la Gamba, 94 m, 8 ° 40 ' 56 " N, 83 ° 11 ' 50 " W, 9 Oct 2008, R. Aguilar 11418 (MO, SPF); San Luis, Monteverde, camino a Veracruz, 1050 m, 10 ° 16 ' 35 " N, 84 ° 47 ' 45 " W, 16 Oct 1992, A. Fernandez 440 (MO). San Jose: Reserva Biologica Carara, sector Bijagual, sitio Sendero Bijagual-Quebrada Bonita, 550 m, 9 ° 46 ' 20 " N, 84 ° 33 ' 50 " W, 1 Nov 1990, R. Zuniga 327 (MO); Canton de Dota, faja costena del Valle de Parrita, faldas Cerro Narra, quebrada Salitrillo, bosque primario cerca del cauce, 200 m, 9 ° 28 ' 55 " N, 84 ° 2 ' 50 " W, 19 Jul 1995, J. F. Morales 4572 (MO). Ecuador. Canton Archidona: Napo, Faldas al sur del Volcan Sumaco, carretera Hollin-Loreto, km 31, comuna Challua Yacu, bosque pluvial pre montano, suelos de origen volcanico, 1200 m, 0 ° 43 ' S, 77 ° 36 ' W, 15 - 17 Nov 1988, A. Alvarado 46 (MO). Los Rios: Hacienda Los Ocho, km 50 on road from Santo Domingo to Quevado, wet Forest, 200 m, 4 Feb 1974, A. H. Gentry 9640 (QCA). Napo: Archidona Canton, faldas al sur del Volcan Sumaco, carretera Hollin-Loreto, km 31, comuna Challua Yacu, bosque pluvial pre montano, suelos de origen volcanico, 1200 m, 0 ° 43 ' S, 77 ° 36 ' W, 15 - 17 Nov 1988, A. Alvarado 46 (QCNE). Orellana: Along MAXUS (YPF) road at Km 50, Yasuni National Park, 250 m, 16 Mar 1997, R. J. Burnham 1493 (QCNE). Pastaza: Shell, Vicinity of Shell, 1.2 km N of town, disturbed virgin forest in swampy area, 1092 m, 1 ° 29 ' 33 " S, 78 ° 3 ' 57 " W, 9 May 2003, T. B. Croat 88873 (QCNE). Pichincha: Quito Canton, Parroquia Puerto Quito, reserva Florestal de ENDESA, 10 km al norte de Alvaro Perez Intriago, bosque muy humedo premontano, bosque primario, transectos, 650 - 800 m, 00 ° 03 ' N, 79 ° 07 ' W, 11 Jun 1990, C. E. Ceron 10140 (MO, QCNE). Sucumbios: Lago Agrio Canton, Reserva Cuyabeno, laguna Grande, bosque humedo tropical, bosque primario sobre suelo bien drenado alrededor de cabanas de Neotropic, 230 m, 0 ° 0 ' S, 76 ° 11 ' W, 15 Nov 1991, W. Palacios 9153 (QCNE). Zamora-chinchipe: Nangaritza Canton, Mizai, in rio Nangaritza valley, forest on slope above military post, 850 m, 4 ° 18 ' S, 78 ° 40 ' W, 31 Jul 1993, A. H. Gentry 80967 (QCNE). French Guiana. Montagne de Kaw, borde de piste forestiere, 40 m, 4 ° 33 ' N, 52 ° 9 ' W, 25 Mar 1988, G. Cremers 9827 (MO); Cayenne, Ile de Cayenne, bord de route, la rocade, entre les ronds points Baduel et la Madeleine a proximite du croisement avec la route Raban, 7 m, 4 ° 56 ' N, 52 ° 20 ' W, 9 Mar 2009, C. Delnatte 1693 (MO). Sauel: La Fumee Mountain, Antenne Nord, non-flooded moist forest, 400 m, 3 ° 37 ' N, 53 ° 12 ' W, 14 May 1986, S. A. Mori 17998 (MO). Guyana. Bords de la Riviere du Maroni 1861, M. Melinon 13 (R); Kariako village, Barama river, North-West District Mora riparian forest around Kariako village, 145 m, 7 ° 22 ' N, 59 ° 42 ' W, 23 Dec 1995, T. van Andel 680 (MO). Honduras. Atlantida: Campamento Quebrada Grande ca. 10 km south west of La Ceiba, at base of north slope of Pico Bonito, from camp to 2 km east of camp, upland forest on slope, 80 - 180 m, 15 ° 42 ' N, 86 ° 51 ' W, 10 May 1993, R. L. Liesner 26180 (MO). Yoro: Cordillera Nombre de Dios, hills S of San Jose de Texiguat, evergreen rainforest on steep slopes, 350 m, 15 ° 29 ' N, 87 ° 26 ' W, 17 May 1991, G. Davidse 34509 (MO). Mexico. Veracruz: Hidalgotitlan, afluente O del rio Las Cuevas, + / - 7 - 9 horas a pie al S del de La Laguna, area arriba de las cascadas donde el arroyo corre en direccion E-O, entre lomas con suelos prof., selva alta perenifolia con mucha jimba, 350 m, 17 ° 13 ' 30 " N, 94 ° 30 ' 30 " W, 17 Apr 1982, T. Wendt 3865 (MO). Peru. Amazonas: Bagua, Distrito Imaza, Comunidad de Yamakat, bosque primario, 600 m, 5 ° 3 ' 24 " S, 78 ° 20 ' 17 " W, 6 Jun 1997, R. Vasquez 23907 (MO). San Martin: Prov. Mariscal Caceres, Dtto Tocache Nuevo, al sud oeste del Aeropuerto de Tocache Nuevo, en bosque secundario, 400 m, 12 Jan 1970, J. Schunke V. 3691 (INPA). Loreto: Km 22 Yurimaguas-Tarapoto road, remnant patch of mature forest on white sand and adjacent scrub, 190 m, 6 ° S, 76 ° 13 ' W, 10 Oct 1985, A. H. Gentry 52177 (MO); Iquitos, Laguna Quistococha, ca. 15 km SW of Iquitos, 8 July 1977, J. C. Solomon 3448 (MO). Madre de Dios: Tobapata Province, Cuzco Amazonico Lodge, lago Sandobal and rio Madre de Dios, lake edge, aguajal, 200 m, 12 ° 35 ' S, 69 ° 3 ' W, 14 Apr 1990, P. Nunez 12071 (MO). Maynas: Alpahuayo (km 25, carretera Iquitos-Nat.), Estacion IIAP, bosque primario, 19 Oct 1984, R. Vasquez 5769 (MO); Iquitos, Rio Itaya, Sanangal, restinga over silty clay mostly disturbed, 110 m, 17 May 1980, S. McDaniel 23739 (MO); Rio Nanay, Carretera de Picuruyacu, en terreno arenoso, 160 m, 23 Sept 1981, M. Rimachi Y. 5720 (MO); Nauta, Carretera a Iquitos, bosque inundable estacional, 150 m, 4 ° 29 ' S, 75 ° 35 ' W, 12 Dec 1986, R. Vasquez 8604 (MO); Pebas, Rio Ampiyacu, 19 Jul 1976, J. Revilla 924 (MO). Pasco: Oxapampa, Dist. Palcazu, comunidad nativa Alto Lagarto - Reserva Comunal Yanesha, remanente de bosque primario, 584 m, 10 ° 9 ' 7 " S, 75 ° 23 ' 32 " W, 30 Oct 2009, R. Rojas 7122 (SPF); Distrito Palcazu. Comunidad Nativa Centro Connas, bosque primario remanente en borde de carretera, 373 m, 10 ° 9 ' 59 " S, 75 ° 16 ' 5 " W, 14 May 2010, R. Vasquez 36497 (SPF). Tocache Nuevo: San Martin, al sud oeste del Aeropuerto de Tocache Nuevo, en bosque secundario, 400 m, 12 Jan 1970, J. Schunke V. 3691 (IAN). Suriname. Brokopondo: NW of Brokopondo Stuwmeer Lake (E of Brownsberg Nature Reserve), Tonka island, trail west from main compound, high forest on laterite soil, 15 m, 4 ° 35 ' N, 55 ° 7 ' W, 4 Feb 1999, B. Hoffman 5299 (MO); Brownsweg, near Brownsweg Nature Park, scarcely disturbed high mesophytic rain forest on slope, gravelly clay soil, 240 m, 4 ° 35 ' 41.28 " N, 55 ° 6 ' 0 " W, 7 Oct 2005, S. Ruysschaert SRU 728 (SPF). Paramaribo: Bakboord farm and lake property, just within NE corner of Paramaribo city limits, ca. 1 km N of Kwattaweg, ca. 1 / 2 km E of Henri Fernandesweg, secondary forest patch bordering fairly recently abandoned pastureland, 5 ° 50 ' 60 " N, 55 ° 12 ' 59.97 " W, 25 Nov 1996, R. J. Evans 2591 (MO, RB). Sipaliwini: Kwamalasemutu village vicinity, 50 m, 2 ° 22.5 ' N, 56 ° 47.3 ' W, 23 Feb 1999, M. J. Plotkin 1359 (MO). Venezuela. Delta Amacuro, cienega de selva humeda caliente y selva de galeria, carretera Cano Guara - La Horqueta, 30 - 31 Jan 1982, B. Stergios 3982 (MO). Amazonas: Road from San Fernando do Atapabo to Santa Barbara 12 - 40 km from San Fernando, thickets and forest, mostly on white sand, 110 m, 24 Mar 1974, A. H. Gentry 10964 (MO); Atures, bosque humedo del rio Cataniapo entre San Pedro de Cataniapo y comunidad El Milagro, 95 m, 6 ° 25 ' N, 67 ° 25 ' W, 12 Aug 1986, A. Castillo 2179 (MO); Primary rainforest, along road between Paso el Diablo and Cano de Culebra, 25 - 30 km southeast of Puerto Ayacucho, 100 m, 12 May 1980, J. A. Steyermark 122336 (MO). Bolivar: Reserva Florestal Itamaca, selva pluvial del bajo rio Botanamo, entre su desemboque al rio Cuyuni hasta la boca del rio Guarapin, 16 - 17 Jul 1983, B. Stergios 6108 (MO).	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
5E4862831E675403AD05AECDCC681B4F.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Brazil. Amazonas: Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolfo Ducke, Rodovia Manaus Itacoatiara, km 26, 02 ° 53 ' S, 59 ° 58 ' W, 19 Jun 1995, M. A. D de Souza & C. F. da Silva, 39 (holotype: SPF- 102015!; isotypes: INPA- 179938!, MO not seen).	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
5E4862831E675403AD05AECDCC681B4F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Martinella tomentosa differs from other Amazonian species of Martinella by the tomentose leaflets and branches, and inflorescences arranged in thyrses, as opposed to the glabrous to lanuginose leaflets and inflorescences arranged in racemes or lax thyrses of all other Amazonian species.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
5E4862831E675403AD05AECDCC681B4F.taxon	description	Description. Lianas; branches with solid pith, cylindrical, green, drying brown, smooth, tomentose, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes, with scattered patelliform glandular trichomes more frequently at interpetiolar region; prophylls of the axillary buds densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes. Leaves 2 - foliolate, with the terminal leaﬂet generally modified into a trifid tendril; petioles terete, not pulvinated, 38.1 - 58.6 mm long, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes with few scattered patelliform glandular trichomes; petiolules terete, pulvinated, 27 - 31.5 mm long, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes with occasional patelliform glandular trichomes; leaﬂets concolorous, chartaceous, ovate, apex acuminate, base cordate, margins entire and slightly revolute, 16.5 - 19.0 x 12.0 - 14.0 cm, adaxial surface glabrescent with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes at the canaliculi of veins, abaxial surface tomentose, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes, and patelliform glandular trichomes concentrated near the base and few scattered along the midvein. Inﬂorescences in thyrses; 10 - 19.5 cm long, tomentose, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate and few patelliform glandular trichomes; bracts linear, ca. 2 mm long, pubescent, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes; pedicels terete, 4.3 - 9.4 mm, pubescent, with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes. Flowers with calyx green, chartaceous, campanulate, 14 - 21.8 x 18.1 - 21.3 mm, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes, with few patelliform glandular trichomes, lobes 2 - 4, apex acuminate, pubescent; corolla white to lilac, membranous, 44.9 - 48.7 mm long, narrowly tubular basal portion 14.5 - 14.9 mm long x 2.9 - 3.2 mm wide, upper campanulate portion 28.4 - 30.2 mm long x 12.1 - 14.9 mm wide, lobes subcircular, 6.5 - 7.8 x 11.8 - 12.1 mm; stamens in two lengths, longer ones 14.4 - 15.4 mm, shorter ones 10.3 - 10.5 mm, thecae 2.6 - 3.1 mm, glabrous; staminode not seen; gynoecium 28.4 - 36.3 mm long; ovary glabrous; style glabrous; stigma lanceolate, glabrous; nectariferous disk 2.3 - 2.5 x 1 - 1.1 mm. Fruits and seeds not seen.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
5E4862831E675403AD05AECDCC681B4F.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Martinella tomentosa is restricted to the central portion of Amazonia (Fig. 12), where it occurs in Terra Firme forests from Brazil (state of Manaus).	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
5E4862831E675403AD05AECDCC681B4F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet relates to the distinguished tomentose indumentum in leaves and branches of M. tomentosa.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
5E4862831E675403AD05AECDCC681B4F.taxon	discussion	Discussion. Martinella tomentosa is a new species whose description is strongly supported by morphological and molecular phylogenetic data (Kataoka and Lohmann in prep). The tomentose leaves and branches are the most striking characteristics that easily distinguish M. tomentosa from all other species of Amazonian Martinella. This new taxon is only known from very few collections from Central Amazonia, none of which was collected during the fruiting season.	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
5E4862831E675403AD05AECDCC681B4F.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Brazil. Amazonas: Estrada Castanho-Tupana, entre o km 50 - 40, solo argiloso, margem da estrada sempre alagada, 18 Jul 1972, M. F. Silva 855 (INPA); Manaus, Igarape do Passarinho, terreno firme, argiloso, capoeira grossa, 15 May 1962, W. Rodrigues 4444 (INPA); Reserva Florestal Adolfo Ducke, Manaus Itacoatiara, km 26, 2 ° 53 ' S, 59 ° 58 ' W, 28 Sept 1995, C. D. Leme 39 (INPA).	en	Kataoka, Eric Y., Lohmann, Lucia G. (2021): Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys 177: 77-116, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64465
