identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
573B87ADFFBB3177FCE549D2FB3DA263.text	573B87ADFFBB3177FCE549D2FB3DA263.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calileuctra Shepard & Baumann. The 1995	<div><p>Generic Diagnosis of Calileuctra</p> <p>Following is an expanded and updated generic description of Calileuctra larvae from that of Stewart &amp; Stark (2002) that was based on the partial description of C. ephemera larvae. The originally proposed combination of diagnostic Calileuctra characters included: 1) Ab 1-7 divided by a pleural fold, (this character is shared only with the leuctrid genus Megaleuctra Neave, which is much larger and more setose, and with Perlomyia Banks, which has fused, terminally hairless paraprocts and a single stem of the mesosternal Y-ridge), 2) right mandible molar area with 8-10 stalked teeth in side view, (originally described by Stark &amp; Stewart (2002) as a “scraping ridge”), and 3) a double stem of the mesosternal Y-ridge, (this character shared only with Paraleuctra Hanson and Pomoleuctra Stark &amp; Kyzar, but both have much longer terminal cercomere hairs). These original characters are all supported by this study and the generic description, given below, is updated with revised and newly discovered characters, measurements, and illustrations. The further SEM study, with views into the right mandibular cup of C. dobryi, show stalked-tooth ridges similar to those described for C. ephemera by Shepard &amp; Baumann (1995), and comparative side views of the cup of other leuctrid and capniid genera (Stewart &amp; Stark 2002), suggest that the mandibular ridges found in leuctrid genera may be an additional character used in the difficult separation of larvae from these families.</p> <p>Larval morphology. Body length ♂ 5-7mm, ♀ 6- 8mm, light colored body with little pigmentation and generally few hairs (Figs. 1, 21). Antennae with 60-64 segments, each with apical circlet of very short hairs or sensillae. Mouthparts Type 1 (herbivorousdetritivorous; Stewart &amp; Stark 2002). Labrum and clypeus with numerous setae. Lacinia triangular and palmate, with 2 large, round-tipped apical teeth, dorsal and ventral rows of sharp spines, and a scalloped palm surface (Figs. 7, 8). Right mandible with short, rounded-tipped apical cusps and molar cup in side view with 8-10 short, stalked teeth (Figs. 11, 26); these teeth are manifested as curved ridges extending well onto the cup surface (Fig. 27). Left mandible with similar apical cusps; its molar cup with about 12 long, outer, finger-like teeth (Fig. 12) and inner surface with raised, transverse ridges (Fig. 13). Pronotum quadrangular, with no marginal setae and no distinct pattern (Figs. 1, 21). Mesosternal Yridge with a double stem, arms reaching to posterior corners of furcal pits, and a transverse ridge connecting anterior corners of furcal pits (Fig. 2). Wingpads with few, or no, hairs, 3 or more times longer than wide and with their longitudinal axes nearly parallel to body axis; hind wings slightly shorter than fore wings (Figs. 1, 21). Legs slightly increasing in size posteriorly; femora and tibiae with appressed, fine clothing hairs, scattered, short thick hairs (Fig. 14), and tarsal segments 1, 2 with a double row of short thick setae (Fig. 15). Abdominal terga without a posterior fringe of setae and variable surface setation between species; pleural fold on segments 1-7 (Figs. 5, 23). Developing male genitalia evident dorsally and ventrally (Figs. 1, 3, 4) just prior to emergence. Paraprocts only incompletely fused at base (Fig. 5), each with a pair of terminal hairs (Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5). Cercal segments 20-22, each with apical circlet of more than 12 stiff setae, half as long as, or longer than, following segment (Figs. 6, 20, 24).</p> <p>Species Accounts of Larvae</p> <p>The following accounts include: 1) known distribution, 2) larvae, exuviae and adult material examined, and 3) description of characters not addressed in the generic diagnosis above, or that offer specific diagnosis, reinforcement or correction of original character descriptions of C. ephemera by Shepard &amp; Baumann (1995) and Stewart &amp; Stark (2002), and for C. dobryi by Stewart &amp; Drake (2007). Descriptions and illustrations are based on typical, late instar individuals or exuviae from the few populations and individuals that were successfully field associated; therefore, they do not address possible variation of characters.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/573B87ADFFBB3177FCE549D2FB3DA263	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stewart, Kenneth W.;Stark, Bill P.;Serpa, Larry L.	Stewart, Kenneth W., Stark, Bill P., Serpa, Larry L. (2013): Larvae Of The Two North American Species Of Calileuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae). Illiesia 9 (1): 1-13, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4760818
573B87ADFFBC3173FF4A4860FB1CA721.text	573B87ADFFBC3173FF4A4860FB1CA721.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calileuctra ephemera Shepard & Baumann 1995	<div><p>Calileuctra ephemera Shepard &amp; Baumann</p> <p>(Figs. 1-6, 7-12, 13-18, 19-20, 33)</p> <p>Distribution and collection site descriptions.</p> <p>Known from Putah Creek in Lake Co., tributaries and the main channel of Whitlow Creek, Mendocino Co., and the type locality, Capell Creek tributary in Napa Co., all in California. Capell Creek tributary and Putah Creek sites are both in the Putah Creek drainage but separated by about 34 miles. The type locality (Fig. 33) was described by Shepard &amp; Baumann (1995), whereas the latter site consists of two small, adjacent stream channels; the larger, southern channel, from which the female specimen was collected, has a closed riparian canopy composed primarily of California Bay (Umbellularia californica (Hook &amp; Arn.) Nutt.), Big-leaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum Pursh), Blue Oak (Quercus douglasii Hook &amp; Arn.), Black Oak (Q. kelloggii Newberry), Canyon Live Oak (Q. chrysolepis Liebm.) and California Buckeye (Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt.). Additional shading occurs from the surrounding mixed oak forest along adjacent steep slopes. Herbaceous streamside vegetation consists mostly of California Fescue (Festuca californica Vasey). Adult Malenka depressa (Banks), Sweltsa pisteri Baumann &amp; Bottorff and Soliperla thyra (Needham &amp; Smith) were swept from riparian vegetation by author Serpa, and larvae of Oemopteryx vanduzeea (Claassen) and an undetermined Isoperla were collected on other sample dates.</p> <p>The Whitlow Creek tributary sites are located about 43 miles northwest of the Putah Creek site (or 74 miles northwest of the type locality) on property owned by the Conservation Fund in the Garcia River watershed, Mendocino County, California, and the site receives additional protection from an easement held by the Nature Conservancy. The intermittent tributaries flow through steep forested terrain, becoming relatively level near their junctions with the main channel of Whitlow Creek which retains water at least 9 months of the year. The tributaries flow for about 4-5 months of the year but probably have hyporheic springs (suggested by the presence of blind unpigmented amphipods, Stygobromus sp. and the blind isopod, Callasellus californicus (Miller)) which reach the surface only during the wet months. The portion of the forest in which Calileuctra specimens were collected includes a heavy oak component along with California Bay, Oregon Ash (Fraxinus latifolia Benth.), Tan Oak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus (Hook &amp; Arn.) Manos, Cannon &amp; S.H.Oh), California Buckeye, Big-leaf Maple and young Douglas fir. Oregon White Oak (Quercus garryana Douglas ex. Hook.) grow on the adjacent slopes, often extending over the stream and providing additional shading. Seventy six adult C. ephemera adults were swept or beat from riparian vegetation with the vast majority of specimens found on herbaceous Festuca, rushes or ferns. All larvae were collected from pools where the sand-gravel substrate could be disturbed to a depth of at least 3 inches. Other stoneflies collected with Calileuctra include members of the Capnia ventura Nelson &amp; Baumann complex (R.W. Baumann in litt.) and Mesocapnia projecta (Frison).</p> <p>Material examined. CALIFORNIA: Lake Co., Putah Creek, Hwy 175, 3.5 mi N Middletown, 23.00 mile marker, 17 May 1998, C.R. Nelson, B. Stark, S.W. Szczytko, I. Sivec, 1♀ (C.R. Nelson Collection). Mendocino Co., 15 collections by L.E. Serpa, 17-II- 2010 to 16-IV-2012, mainly tributary complex of Whitlow Creek, 38 ° 54’41.4” - 38 ° 55 ’ 0 ’’ N, 123 ° 28 ’ 14” - 123 ° 28 ’ 38 ” W, 131.4 - 204.5 m elevation, 33♂, 47♀, 15 larvae. One pair of larvae and most adults deposited in L.E. Serpa collection, 1♂ and 2♀ deposited in R.W. Baumann collection, Monte L. Bean Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, and remaining larvae and a few adults deposited in B.P. Stark collection, Mississippi College, Clinton, MS.</p> <p>Characters of mature larvae. Color, pigmentation (Fig. 1), lacinia (Figs. 7, 8), general body, leg, and cercal setation (Fig. 1,) and mouthparts, typical of genus. Body length ♂ 5-6.5 mm, ♀ 6-8 mm. Head capsule width ♂ 0.66-0.75 mm, ♀ 0.75-0.84 mm. Antennal segments 60-64, each with very short apical circlet of hairs or sensillae. Lacinia triangular and palmate, with 2 rounded-tipped apical teeth, 8-10 dorsal and ventral rows of long, sharp spines, a long, trichoid sensilum arising from the base of one apical tooth (and as long as the tooth) (Fig. 9), and a scalloped palm surface. Right mandibular molar cup, in side view, with 8-10 stalked teeth that are manifested in both Calileuctra species as stalked ridges extending onto the cup (see inside surface of C. dobryi cup, Fig. 27). Left mandibular molar cup with about 12 long, curved, comb-like outer sharp teeth, and 3 or 4 raised transverse ridges (that in Fig. 13 are probably well worn). Mesosternum with a double stem of its Y-ridge (Fig. 2). Inside fore wingpad length ♂ 0.66-0.75 mm, ♀ 0.72-0.96 mm; inside hind wingpad length ♂ 0.51-0.63 mm, ♀ 0.60- 0.78 mm. Foreleg femoral and tibial surface with sparse, short, stiff hairs, fine appressed clothing hairs, and few if any fringe hairs (Figs. 1, 14); apex of tibia with 2 heavy apical spines; tarsal segments 1, 2, with double ventral rows of short spines (Fig. 15). Abdominal terga with scattered, appressed clothing hairs, and segments 7-10 with thick, bristle-like setae, especially laterally, in dorsal view (Figs. 16-18); terga 7-8 (Fig. 17) without 2 diverging rows of short, thick sensillae (as present in C. dobryi, see Figs. 30, 31). Developing male genitalia evident dorsally and ventrally just prior to emergence (Figs. 3, 4). Cercal segments 20-24 (Fig. 6), each, except terminal few, with apical circlet of more than 15 stiff hairs (Fig. 20); hairs of basal segments only about half the length of following segment (Fig. 19).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/573B87ADFFBC3173FF4A4860FB1CA721	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stewart, Kenneth W.;Stark, Bill P.;Serpa, Larry L.	Stewart, Kenneth W., Stark, Bill P., Serpa, Larry L. (2013): Larvae Of The Two North American Species Of Calileuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae). Illiesia 9 (1): 1-13, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4760818
573B87ADFFBD317EFC254969FD39A16C.text	573B87ADFFBD317EFC254969FD39A16C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calileuctra dobryi Shepard & Baumann 1995	<div><p>Calileuctra dobryi Shepard &amp; Baumann</p> <p>(Figs. 21-24, 25-30, 31-32, 34)</p> <p>Distribution and collection site descriptions.</p> <p>Known from two or possibly three sites in Los Angeles County and two sites in Orange County in Southern California. The Los Angeles County sites include the type locality in South Fork Elsmere Canyon, San Gabriel Mountains and East Fork Arroyo Sequit, Santa Monica Mountains (Fig. 34). In Orange County, Trabuco Canyon and Silverado Canyon in the Santa Ana Mountains are the known sites.</p> <p>Material examined. Orange Co., 6 collections by K.W. Stewart and E.F. Drake 6-IV-2004 to 22-II-2006, same locality vicinity, Silverado Creek, Silverado Canyon, at gravel low water crossing 161m above Forest Boundary Gate, 33 ° 44 ’ 55 ” N 117 ° 34 ’ 58 ” W, 117♂, 19♀, 3 pairs in-copula, 4 larvae, 1 exuvium. Deposited in B.P. Stark collection, Mississippi College, Clinton MS.</p> <p>Characters of mature larvae. (some measurements and counts, as done for C. ephemera, were not made because of the few larvae available for study). Color, pigmentation, general body and cercal setation (Fig. 21), and mouthparts typical of genus. Body length 7- 8 mm. Head capsule width (1♀ larva) 0.75 mm. Antennal segments 60-64, each with very short apical circlet of hairs or sensillae. Lacinia triangulate and palmate, with 2 rounded-tipped apical teeth, 8-10 dorsal and ventral rows of long, sharp spines (Fig. 25), and a scalloped palm surface. Right mandibular molar cup outer margin, in side view, appears as a row of blunt-tipped, stalked teeth (Fig. 26) that are actually the outer edges of 10-12 stalked ridges extending well onto the inner cup surface (Fig. 27). Left mandible molar cup with comb-like outer teeth (Fig. 28; cup of the 1 larva sacrificed for SEM was well worn, in poor condition). Mesosternum with a double stem of its Y-ridge. Foreleg femoral and tibial surface with sparse hairs and with variable number of fine fringe hairs; apex of tibia with 2 heavy apical spines (Fig. 22). Tarsal segments 1, 2 with double vental row of short thick setae. Abdominal terga with long, fine appressed surface clothing hairs; terga 7-9 without thick setae (Fig. 29), especially laterally, as are present in C. ephemera (Figs. 16-18). Terga 7-8 with 2 diverging basal, sublateral rows of short, thick sensillae (Figs. 30-31), not present in C. ephemera. Cercal segments 20-22, each with apical circlet of more than 15 stiff hairs, except few apical and preapical cercomeres (Fig. 16); basal segments with some hairs longer than the following segment (Fig. 32).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/573B87ADFFBD317EFC254969FD39A16C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stewart, Kenneth W.;Stark, Bill P.;Serpa, Larry L.	Stewart, Kenneth W., Stark, Bill P., Serpa, Larry L. (2013): Larvae Of The Two North American Species Of Calileuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae). Illiesia 9 (1): 1-13, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4760818
573B87ADFFB0317EFF1B4FA0FC94A37E.text	573B87ADFFB0317EFF1B4FA0FC94A37E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calileuctra Shepard & Baumann. The 1995	<div><p>Key to Mature Calileuctra larvae</p> <p>1 Abdominal terga 7-10 with thick setae, especially laterally Figs. 16-18); terga 7, 8 without diverging sublateral rows of short, thick sensillae (Fig. 17). Apical hair circlet on basal 3 cercal segments mostly about 0.5-0.75 the length of following segment (Fig. 19) ……...…………………. ephemera</p> <p>1’ Abdominal terga 7-10 without thick setae (Fig. 29); terga 7, 8 with diverging sublateral rows of short, thick sensillae (Figs. 30, 31). Some apical circlet hairs on basal 3 cercal segments longer than following segment (Fig. 33)................... dobryi</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/573B87ADFFB0317EFF1B4FA0FC94A37E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stewart, Kenneth W.;Stark, Bill P.;Serpa, Larry L.	Stewart, Kenneth W., Stark, Bill P., Serpa, Larry L. (2013): Larvae Of The Two North American Species Of Calileuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae). Illiesia 9 (1): 1-13, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4760818
