taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E55F686C74CA57EAC804B0FA37FCFB.taxon	type_taxon	Type species Protoctonus groehni Davidian, sp. nov.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2022): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa 5165 (4): 520-526, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4
03E55F686C74CA57EAC804B0FA37FCFB.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new genus name is composed from the Greece word “ protos ” (= first, pioneering) and part of the related aphidiine genus name “ Monoctonus ”. The gender is masculine.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2022): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa 5165 (4): 520-526, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4
03E55F686C74CA57EAC804B0FA37FCFB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Mandible bidentate; maxillary palpus 4 - segmented, labial palpus 3 - segmented (Fig. 1 C). Antenna (Fig. 1 D) with 11 antennomeres, widened toward apex, densely pubescent. Mesoscutum with notauli reaching its middle (Fig. 1 E). Propodeum perhaps with median areola delineated by weak carinae. In fore wing (Figs 1 G, H; 2 A) pterostigma triangular. Metacarp (1 - R 1), radial (r, 3 - SR, SR 1) and parallel (CU 1 a) veins of fore wing long and almost reaching distal margin of wing; medial (1 - SR + M, 2 - M, 3 - M) vein short and not reaching distal margin of wing. First and second radiomedial (submarginal) cells fused together with discoidal (discal) cell and formed united large central cell. Also present closed medial (basal), submedial (subbasal) and brachial (subdiscal) cells. Hind wing without closed cells. Legs (Figs 1 A, F) covered by dense and semi-erect setae (as those on body). Petiole of metasoma (Fig. 1 F) rather long, slightly widened towards apex, about 1.6 × longer than its width medially at level of spiracles. Ovipositor sheaths (Figs 1 F; 2 B) not long, weakly curved down, acuminate, 2.6 × longer than its maximum width, 0.15 × as long as metasoma, gradually tapered from base towards apex, narrowly rounded apically, with long setae on dorsal and ventral margins; setae apically short.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2022): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa 5165 (4): 520-526, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4
03E55F686C74CA57EAC804B0FA37FCFB.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The new aphidiine genus Protoctonus gen. nov. is most similar to the fossil genera Protacanthoides Mackauer, 1961 (with type species Trioxys obscuriformis Quilis, 1940 = Trioxys fossilis Mackauer, 1959), Promonoctonia Stary, 1973 (with type species Aphidius quievreuxi Quilis, 1940), and Sakhalinoctonus Davidian, 2021 (with type species Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni Davidian, 2021) by the fewer number of antennomeres, presence the closed central cell in fore wing and curved downwards and taped apically ovipositor sheaths. Genera Protacanthoides and Promonoctonia are characterised by a 13 antennomeres in thick antenna, short and not reaching distal margin of the wing the metacarp (1 - R 1), radial (r, 3 - SR, SR 1) and medial (2 - M, 3 - M) veins, and curved down the ovipositor sheaths. Besides those, Protacanthoides fossilis has metasomal petiole short, smooth and without protruding spiracular tubercles, length of petiole approximately equal to its maximum width; ovipositor sheath evenly curved downwards, strongly tapered towards its apex and acuminate apically, about 0.15 × as long as metasoma. Unfortunately the information about condition of notauli and propodeum and pubescence of the ovipositor sheath are absent in the description of this species. Promonoctonia quievreuxi is additionally characterised by the following features: notauli missing; propodeum smooth and without delineated areola; metasomal petiole very short and wide; ovipositor sheaths claw-shaped, with long and wide its basal part and short and narrow apical part, approximately 3.0 × longer than its maximum width and 0.15 × as long as metasoma. The genus Sakhalinoctonus has 12 antennomeres; relatively long radial (r, 3 - SR, SR 1) and medial (2 - M, 3 - M) veins, which do not reach the distal margin of fore wing; ovipositor sheath long, almost 6.0 × longer than its maximum width, weakly curved down and gradually tapered towards apex, very narrowly rounded apically, and covered by mainly long setae. The differences between Protoctonus gen. nov. and similar fossil genera are given in the key below.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2022): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa 5165 (4): 520-526, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4
03E55F686C74CA57EAC804B0FA37FCFB.taxon	discussion	Key to Protoctonus gen. nov. and the most similar recent genera	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2022): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa 5165 (4): 520-526, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4
03E55F686C77CA56EAC803BEFC94FCF8.taxon	description	Figs 1, 2	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2022): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa 5165 (4): 520-526, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4
03E55F686C77CA56EAC803BEFC94FCF8.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: GPIH No. 5066 (CCGG No. 9183), female; well preserved complete parasitoid inside of amber piece (12.0 × 11.0 × 3.0 mm.). Syninclusion: pollen of undetermined plant, trichomes of oak flower (Quercus sp.); Diptera indet. (fragment of leg). Amber from the Yantarny Deposit (near Kaliningrad). Material of subaerial origin was not subject to the preliminary chemical and physical processing.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2022): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa 5165 (4): 520-526, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4
03E55F686C77CA56EAC803BEFC94FCF8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named in honour Mr Carsten Gröhn, Chairman of Association for the Promotion of the Geological-Palaeontological Museum of the University of Hamburg e. V. “ Working Group Bernstein ” (Verein zur Förderung des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Museums der Universität Hamburg e. V. “ Arbeitskreis Bernstein ”)	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2022): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa 5165 (4): 520-526, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4
03E55F686C77CA56EAC803BEFC94FCF8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. As stated above for the new genus.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2022): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa 5165 (4): 520-526, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4
03E55F686C77CA56EAC803BEFC94FCF8.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality and horizon. Baltic amber. Upper Eocene, Prussian Formation. Baltic Sea coast and amber quarry Yantarny near Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad Province, Russia.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2022): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa 5165 (4): 520-526, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4
03E55F686C77CA56EAC803BEFC94FCF8.taxon	description	Description. Female. Body length 1.5 mm, fore wing length 1.4 mm, antenna length 1.0 mm. Head. Head (Figs 1 C, E) transverse (subdorsal view), wider than mesoscutum. covered by sparse and short setae. Temple approximately as long as eye (dorsal view). POL 2.5 × Od. Eye large, spherical, convex, with short sparse setae in lower 0.7. Face mainly densely setose, but with glabrous narrow medial vertical stripe, 1.5 × wider than height of face. Tentorial index 0.7. Clypeus with seven long setae, its width 2.0 × height. Malar space 0.6 × height of eye and 2.0 × basal width of mandible. Maxillary palpus 4 - segmented, labial palpus 3 - segmented. Antenna (Figs 1 A, D) with 11 antennomeres, thickened towards apex, covered by dense and short setae, setae shorter than antennomere width. Antenna moniliform starting from fifth antennomere. F 1 3.5 × longer than its median width, F 2 – F 4 2.0 ×, F 5 – F 8 1.6 ×, and F 9 3.5 × longer than their median width, respectively. F 1 1.5 × longer than F 2. Rhinaria (multiparous plate sensillae) distinct on all antennomeres: F 1 with 1 rhinarium on side, F 2 with 2, F 3 with 3, F 4 – F 8 with 4 rhinaria. F 9 with rhinaria situated in two lines: first line with 4 and in second line with 3. Mesosoma. Mesoscutum (Fig. 1 E) entirely covered by short setae, with rather long and weak notauli continued till its middle. Precoxal sulcus absent. Propodeum perhaps with areola finely delineated by carinae. Tegula with short setae. Wings. Fore wing (Figs 1 G, H; 2 A) with closed large central cell. All veins well sclerotised and coloured. Pterostigma triangular, 3.5 × longer than its maximum width and 0.7 × as long as metacarp (1 - R 1). Metacarp (1 - R 1), radial (r, 3 - SR, SR 1) and parallel (CU 1 a) veins long and almost reaching distal margin of wing. Medial (2 - M, 3 - M) vein short and not reaching wing margin. Present closed medial (basal), central (united first and second submarginal and discal), submedial (subbasal) and brachial (subdiscal) cells. Distal margin of fore wing with long setae, which is longer than setae on wing membrane. Hind wing without closed medial (basal) cell. Legs. Legs well preserved, covered by dense, long and semi-erect setae. Femora and tibiae of fore, middle and hind legs almost same length; length of femora 6.0 – 7.0 × their medial width. Metasoma (Fig. 1 F). Petiole long, with prominent spiracular tubercles in basal part, about 1.6 × longer than its width at level of spiracular tubercles; left spiracular tubercle distinctly visible and with round spiracle; petiole behind spiracles weakly narrowed and then widened towards apex. Fused second and third tergites clearly visible and equal lengths. Six sternites clearly visible. Ovipositor sheaths (Figs 1 F; 2 B) curved downwards, triangular shape, tapered from base to apex, entirely cover by short dense setae, long setae arranged along dorsal and ventral margins of sheath, short setae located on apex of sheath. Ovipositor sheath 2.6 × longer than its maximum basal width. Pubescence. Head, antenna, legs and all body (including ovipositor sheaths) covered by rather dense setae. Colour. Colour of body monochromatically dark brown.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2022): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa 5165 (4): 520-526, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5165.4.4
